General Biology Bio 181 Exam Prep Guide Covering
Chapters 13, 14 and 15 Review Questions and Correct
Answers / BIO 181 Exam Prep Test Bank Latest 2026
(Chapter 4-6 Correctly Answered Questions)
Contents
Bio 181 Chapter 13 (150 Questions) .......................................................................................................... 1
Bio 181 Chapter 14 (150 Questions) ........................................................................................................ 19
Bio 181 Chapter 15 (180 Questions) ........................................................................................................ 38
Bio 181 Chapter 13 (150 Questions)
In humans, which of the following combinations of gametes will result in an
individual who is male? - ANSWER-An X-bearing egg and a Y-bearing sperm
What researcher discovered that inheritance of eye color in fruit flies is sex-linked?
- ANSWER-Morgan
In his experiments with eye color in fruit flies, Morgan determined the Mendelian
genetics can explain the ratios he observed in F2 only if which of the following is
true? - ANSWER-The gene for eye color was absent from the Y chromosome.
The _________ chromosomes are a pair of chromosomes that are different in
males and females. - ANSWER-sex
During meiosis in male fruit flies, the Y chromosome pairs with the _________
chromosome. - ANSWER-X
In Drosophila melanogaster, which of the following sex chromosomes denotes a
female? - ANSWER-XX
pg. 1
,Assuming that meiosis occurs normally, each gamete produced by a female fruit
fly will contain - ANSWER-one X chromosome
In the fruit fly, a zygote that will develop into a female is produced when an egg is
fertilized by a sperm carrying a(n) ______ chromosome. - ANSWER-X
Morgan's experiments revealed that eye color alleles in fruit flies are located on
one of the sex chromosomes, more specifically, the _________chromosome. -
ANSWER-X
Thomas Hunt Morgan was one of the major contributors to the chromosomal
theory of inheritance. Which of the following did Morgan study? - ANSWER-Eye
color in fruit flies
The sex chromosomes refer to a distinctive pair of chromosomes that vary between
___________ and _________________ individuals. - ANSWER-male or XY
female or XX
In male Drosophila flies, the Y chromosome pairs with which of the following
during meiosis? - ANSWER-The X chromosome
Assuming an error free meiosis, each gamete produced by a male fruit fly will
contain - ANSWER-either one X chromosome or one Y chromosome
A human female will normally have ______ autosome(s), __________ X
chromosome(s), and _______ Y chromosome(s) (please enter numbers). -
ANSWER-44
2
0
pg. 2
,__________ is the term for any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome. -
ANSWER-Autosome
In humans what is the size relationship between the X and Y chromosome? -
ANSWER-The X chromosome is longer.
What chromosomes are normally found in a human male? - ANSWER-22 pairs of
autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome
Compared to the human X chromosome, how many genes on the human Y
chromosome are expressed? - ANSWER-Fewer
What is an autosome? - ANSWER-Any chromosome that is not a sex
chromosome
In humans, which of the following estimates represents the number of genes on the
Y chromosome that are expressed? - ANSWER-Few
The 22 pairs of perfectly matched chromosomes in humans are called -
ANSWER-autosomes
In a male, where is the active counterpart of a recessive allele on the single X
chromosome? - ANSWER-There is no active counterpart.
In the fruit fly, a zygote that will develop into a female is produced when an egg is
fertilized by a sperm carrying a(n) ________ chromosome. - ANSWER-X
pg. 3
, Which chromosome causes maleness in mammals? - ANSWER-Y
Which of the following statements are true about the human X and Y
chromosomes? - ANSWER-The Y chromosome in males is highly condensed.
Few genes on the Y chromosome are expressed.
Most alleles on a male's X chromosome have no active counterparts on his Y
chromosome.
In humans, which of the following complements of sex chromosomes would lead
to male development? - ANSWER-XYY
XY
True or false: In humans, the Y chromosome contains many genes which have to
be continuously expressed. - ANSWER-False
True or false: Even though males have only one X chromosome, they still have two
copies of X-linked genes because these genes have active counterparts on the Y
chromosome. - ANSWER-False
A trait that causes a disease, will occur more frequently in males than females if
the trait is which of the following? - ANSWER-Recessive and X-linked
The "default" setting in human embryonic development is female. However,
embryos, which have a Y chromosome normally become males, due to the activity
of certain genes, such as the _________ gene, on the Y chromosome - ANSWER-
SRY
Red-green colorblindness is an X-linked recessive trait. If a woman who is
heterozygous for the colorblind allele marries a man who is colorblind, what
pg. 4
Chapters 13, 14 and 15 Review Questions and Correct
Answers / BIO 181 Exam Prep Test Bank Latest 2026
(Chapter 4-6 Correctly Answered Questions)
Contents
Bio 181 Chapter 13 (150 Questions) .......................................................................................................... 1
Bio 181 Chapter 14 (150 Questions) ........................................................................................................ 19
Bio 181 Chapter 15 (180 Questions) ........................................................................................................ 38
Bio 181 Chapter 13 (150 Questions)
In humans, which of the following combinations of gametes will result in an
individual who is male? - ANSWER-An X-bearing egg and a Y-bearing sperm
What researcher discovered that inheritance of eye color in fruit flies is sex-linked?
- ANSWER-Morgan
In his experiments with eye color in fruit flies, Morgan determined the Mendelian
genetics can explain the ratios he observed in F2 only if which of the following is
true? - ANSWER-The gene for eye color was absent from the Y chromosome.
The _________ chromosomes are a pair of chromosomes that are different in
males and females. - ANSWER-sex
During meiosis in male fruit flies, the Y chromosome pairs with the _________
chromosome. - ANSWER-X
In Drosophila melanogaster, which of the following sex chromosomes denotes a
female? - ANSWER-XX
pg. 1
,Assuming that meiosis occurs normally, each gamete produced by a female fruit
fly will contain - ANSWER-one X chromosome
In the fruit fly, a zygote that will develop into a female is produced when an egg is
fertilized by a sperm carrying a(n) ______ chromosome. - ANSWER-X
Morgan's experiments revealed that eye color alleles in fruit flies are located on
one of the sex chromosomes, more specifically, the _________chromosome. -
ANSWER-X
Thomas Hunt Morgan was one of the major contributors to the chromosomal
theory of inheritance. Which of the following did Morgan study? - ANSWER-Eye
color in fruit flies
The sex chromosomes refer to a distinctive pair of chromosomes that vary between
___________ and _________________ individuals. - ANSWER-male or XY
female or XX
In male Drosophila flies, the Y chromosome pairs with which of the following
during meiosis? - ANSWER-The X chromosome
Assuming an error free meiosis, each gamete produced by a male fruit fly will
contain - ANSWER-either one X chromosome or one Y chromosome
A human female will normally have ______ autosome(s), __________ X
chromosome(s), and _______ Y chromosome(s) (please enter numbers). -
ANSWER-44
2
0
pg. 2
,__________ is the term for any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome. -
ANSWER-Autosome
In humans what is the size relationship between the X and Y chromosome? -
ANSWER-The X chromosome is longer.
What chromosomes are normally found in a human male? - ANSWER-22 pairs of
autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome
Compared to the human X chromosome, how many genes on the human Y
chromosome are expressed? - ANSWER-Fewer
What is an autosome? - ANSWER-Any chromosome that is not a sex
chromosome
In humans, which of the following estimates represents the number of genes on the
Y chromosome that are expressed? - ANSWER-Few
The 22 pairs of perfectly matched chromosomes in humans are called -
ANSWER-autosomes
In a male, where is the active counterpart of a recessive allele on the single X
chromosome? - ANSWER-There is no active counterpart.
In the fruit fly, a zygote that will develop into a female is produced when an egg is
fertilized by a sperm carrying a(n) ________ chromosome. - ANSWER-X
pg. 3
, Which chromosome causes maleness in mammals? - ANSWER-Y
Which of the following statements are true about the human X and Y
chromosomes? - ANSWER-The Y chromosome in males is highly condensed.
Few genes on the Y chromosome are expressed.
Most alleles on a male's X chromosome have no active counterparts on his Y
chromosome.
In humans, which of the following complements of sex chromosomes would lead
to male development? - ANSWER-XYY
XY
True or false: In humans, the Y chromosome contains many genes which have to
be continuously expressed. - ANSWER-False
True or false: Even though males have only one X chromosome, they still have two
copies of X-linked genes because these genes have active counterparts on the Y
chromosome. - ANSWER-False
A trait that causes a disease, will occur more frequently in males than females if
the trait is which of the following? - ANSWER-Recessive and X-linked
The "default" setting in human embryonic development is female. However,
embryos, which have a Y chromosome normally become males, due to the activity
of certain genes, such as the _________ gene, on the Y chromosome - ANSWER-
SRY
Red-green colorblindness is an X-linked recessive trait. If a woman who is
heterozygous for the colorblind allele marries a man who is colorblind, what
pg. 4
