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The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for the clinic
patients to be seen today. Which patient meets the
diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus?
a. A 48-year-old woman with a hemoglobin A1C of 8.4%
b. A 58-year-old man with a fasting blood glucose of 111
mg/dL
c. A 68-year-old woman with a random plasma glucose of
190 mg/dL
,d. A 78-year-old man with a 2-hour glucose tolerance
plasma glucose of 184 mg/dL - ANSWER-a. A 48-year-old
woman with a hemoglobin A1C of 8.4%
Criteria for a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus include a
hemoglobin A1C ≥ 6.5%, fasting plasma glucose level
=126 mg/dL, 2-hour plasma glucose level =200 mg/dL
during an oral glucose tolerance test, or classic symptoms
of hyperglycemia or hyperglycemic crisis with a random
plasma glucose =200 mg/dL.
The nurse teaches a 38-year-old man who was recently
diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus about insulin
administration. Which statement by the patient requires an
intervention by the nurse?
,a. "I will discard any insulin bottle that is cloudy in
appearance."
b. "The best injection site for insulin administration is in my
abdomen."
c. "I can wash the site with soap and water before insulin
administration."
d. "I may keep my insulin at room temperature (75o F) for
up to a month." - ANSWER-a. "I will discard any insulin
bottle that is cloudy in appearance."
Intermediate-acting insulin and combination premixed
insulin will be cloudy in appearance. Routine hygiene such
as washing with soap and rinsing with water is adequate
, for skin preparation for the patient during self-injections.
Insulin vials that the patient is currently using may be left
at room temperature for up to 4 weeks unless the room
temperature is higher than 86° F (30° C) or below freezing
(less than 32° F [0° C]). Rotating sites to different
anatomic sites is no longer recommended. Patients should
rotate the injection within one particular site, such as the
abdomen.
The nurse instructs a 22-year-old female patient with
diabetes mellitus about a healthy eating plan. Which
statement made by the patient indicates that teaching was
successful?