H&P II - Eyes, Throat, and Lymphatics
2025 Expert Verified | Ace the Test
Corneal light reflex abnormality where 1 or both eyes are deviated medially.
- 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Esotropia (cross-eyed appearance)
Corneal light reflex abnormality where 1 or both eyes are deviated laterally.
- 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Exotropia
Blepharitis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Chronic inflammation of the eyelids. Crusts
and greasy scales usually develop. Ongoing eye irritation, but no change in
vision. Common with contact lens intolerance.
Entropion - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Turning/folding inward of the eyelid margin.
(usually lower eyelid)
,Ectropion - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Turning/folding outward of eyelid margin.
(usually lower eyelid)
Chalazion - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Chronic inflammation of the meibomian gland
that lead to swelling (appears like a stye). Painless and STERILE
Stye (Acute Hordeolum) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Acute inflammation of the glands
of Zeis/Moll or hair follicles. Usually due to staphylococcus. NONSTERILE
Acute glaucoma - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Increase in intraocular pressure
secondary to an increase in aqueous humor production or blockage of the
drainage of aqueous humor.
Open angle glaucoma (chronic) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Most common. Clogging
of fluid leads to inadequate drainage. Gradual lose of peripheral vision and
halo around light.
Closed angle glaucoma (acute) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Ophthalmologic
emergency. Complete anatomical blockage of fluid drainage. Extreme pain,
headache, red eye, and blurred vision. High risk of vision loss.
Conjunctival disorders - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔
, Pterygium - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Superficial extraocular mass that can extend
into the corneal surface.
Corneal abrasion/ulceration/scarring - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Caused by foreign
bodies.
Macular drusen - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Yellow spots in the eye. Could be related
to macular deterioration.
Papilledema - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Increased intracranial pressure that causes
CSF to compress the optic nerve. Blurred disk. Engorged vessels.
Goiter - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Enlargement of thyroid gland caused by
hyperplasia.
Anterior triangle borders - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Sternocleidomastoid, mandible,
and medial midline of neck.
Posterior triangle borders. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Sternocleidomastoid, trapezius,
and clavicle.
Carotid arteries - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Auscultate before palpating.
Normal Fundus - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔disc: clear, central physiological cup is
pale; retina: normal red/orange color, macula is dark, avascular area
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
2025 Expert Verified | Ace the Test
Corneal light reflex abnormality where 1 or both eyes are deviated medially.
- 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Esotropia (cross-eyed appearance)
Corneal light reflex abnormality where 1 or both eyes are deviated laterally.
- 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Exotropia
Blepharitis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Chronic inflammation of the eyelids. Crusts
and greasy scales usually develop. Ongoing eye irritation, but no change in
vision. Common with contact lens intolerance.
Entropion - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Turning/folding inward of the eyelid margin.
(usually lower eyelid)
,Ectropion - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Turning/folding outward of eyelid margin.
(usually lower eyelid)
Chalazion - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Chronic inflammation of the meibomian gland
that lead to swelling (appears like a stye). Painless and STERILE
Stye (Acute Hordeolum) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Acute inflammation of the glands
of Zeis/Moll or hair follicles. Usually due to staphylococcus. NONSTERILE
Acute glaucoma - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Increase in intraocular pressure
secondary to an increase in aqueous humor production or blockage of the
drainage of aqueous humor.
Open angle glaucoma (chronic) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Most common. Clogging
of fluid leads to inadequate drainage. Gradual lose of peripheral vision and
halo around light.
Closed angle glaucoma (acute) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Ophthalmologic
emergency. Complete anatomical blockage of fluid drainage. Extreme pain,
headache, red eye, and blurred vision. High risk of vision loss.
Conjunctival disorders - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔
, Pterygium - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Superficial extraocular mass that can extend
into the corneal surface.
Corneal abrasion/ulceration/scarring - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Caused by foreign
bodies.
Macular drusen - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Yellow spots in the eye. Could be related
to macular deterioration.
Papilledema - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Increased intracranial pressure that causes
CSF to compress the optic nerve. Blurred disk. Engorged vessels.
Goiter - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Enlargement of thyroid gland caused by
hyperplasia.
Anterior triangle borders - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Sternocleidomastoid, mandible,
and medial midline of neck.
Posterior triangle borders. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Sternocleidomastoid, trapezius,
and clavicle.
Carotid arteries - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Auscultate before palpating.
Normal Fundus - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔disc: clear, central physiological cup is
pale; retina: normal red/orange color, macula is dark, avascular area
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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