NP Pediatric Medication Safety Mastery
Test Bank exam-150 Questions Answers
And Rationales
(2025/2026)
1. A 4-year-old child weighing 18 kg requires acetaminophen for fever.
The recommended dose is 10–15 mg/kg per dose every 4–6 hours.
What is the maximum single dose the child can safely receive?
18 kg × 15 mg/kg = 270 mg
Correct answer: 270 mg
Rationale: The maximum safe single dose of acetaminophen for
children is 15 mg/kg. For an 18 kg child, 18 × 15 = 270 mg. Always
calculate doses based on weight to prevent toxicity.
2. A 2-month-old infant is prescribed amoxicillin for otitis media.
Which factor is most important in determining the safe dose?
Correct answer: Infant’s weight in kilograms
Rationale: Pediatric dosing is weight-based. Age may guide drug
selection but dose calculations rely on weight to avoid underdosing or
overdosing.
3. Which of the following medications requires monitoring of liver
function in children?
A) Ibuprofen
B) Amoxicillin
C) Acetaminophen
D) Albuterol
Correct answer: Acetaminophen
,Rationale: Acetaminophen is hepatotoxic at high doses. Liver function
monitoring is recommended in chronic use or overdose.
4. A child with asthma is prescribed inhaled corticosteroids. Which is
the most common local adverse effect?
Correct answer: Oral candidiasis
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids can cause fungal overgrowth in the
mouth. Rinsing the mouth after use reduces this risk.
5. The recommended oral digoxin dose for a pediatric patient is 10
mcg/kg/day. A 12 kg child requires digoxin. What is the total daily
dose?
Correct answer: 120 mcg/day
Rationale: Pediatric digoxin dosing is weight-based. 12 kg × 10
mcg/kg = 120 mcg/day.
6. Which antibiotic is contraindicated in children under 8 years due to
risk of tooth discoloration?
Correct answer: Tetracycline
Rationale: Tetracyclines bind to calcium in teeth and bones, causing
permanent discoloration and affecting growth in young children.
7. A 6-year-old weighing 22 kg requires amoxicillin 40 mg/kg/day
divided into 3 doses. What is the dose per administration?
Correct answer: 293 mg per dose
Rationale: Daily dose: 22 × 40 = 880 mg. Divided by 3 = 293 mg per
dose.
8. Which of the following is the most important consideration when
prescribing opioids for pediatric pain management?
Correct answer: Weight-based dosing and close monitoring for
respiratory depression
, Rationale: Children are particularly sensitive to opioids. Dosing must
be precise and monitoring strict to avoid toxicity.
9. A neonate requires aminoglycoside therapy. Which parameter is
most critical to monitor?
Correct answer: Renal function
Rationale: Aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic, especially in neonates.
Dosing adjustments are based on kidney function.
10. Which statement is true regarding pediatric liquid medication
administration?
Correct answer: Use an oral syringe for accurate dosing
Rationale: Measuring cups are less accurate than oral syringes,
increasing risk of dosing errors.
11. A 3-year-old child is prescribed ibuprofen 10 mg/kg per dose every
6–8 hours. The child weighs 15 kg. What is the safe dose per
administration?
Correct answer: 150 mg
Rationale: Dose = 15 × 10 = 150 mg. Weight-based calculations are
critical in pediatric patients.
12. Which vaccine should be avoided in immunocompromised
pediatric patients?
Correct answer: Live attenuated vaccines
Rationale: Live vaccines can cause infection in immunocompromised
children. Inactivated vaccines are safe.
13. A pediatric patient has been prescribed vancomycin. What is the
key monitoring parameter?
Correct answer: Trough serum levels
Rationale: Vancomycin requires therapeutic drug monitoring to avoid
nephrotoxicity and ensure efficacy.
Test Bank exam-150 Questions Answers
And Rationales
(2025/2026)
1. A 4-year-old child weighing 18 kg requires acetaminophen for fever.
The recommended dose is 10–15 mg/kg per dose every 4–6 hours.
What is the maximum single dose the child can safely receive?
18 kg × 15 mg/kg = 270 mg
Correct answer: 270 mg
Rationale: The maximum safe single dose of acetaminophen for
children is 15 mg/kg. For an 18 kg child, 18 × 15 = 270 mg. Always
calculate doses based on weight to prevent toxicity.
2. A 2-month-old infant is prescribed amoxicillin for otitis media.
Which factor is most important in determining the safe dose?
Correct answer: Infant’s weight in kilograms
Rationale: Pediatric dosing is weight-based. Age may guide drug
selection but dose calculations rely on weight to avoid underdosing or
overdosing.
3. Which of the following medications requires monitoring of liver
function in children?
A) Ibuprofen
B) Amoxicillin
C) Acetaminophen
D) Albuterol
Correct answer: Acetaminophen
,Rationale: Acetaminophen is hepatotoxic at high doses. Liver function
monitoring is recommended in chronic use or overdose.
4. A child with asthma is prescribed inhaled corticosteroids. Which is
the most common local adverse effect?
Correct answer: Oral candidiasis
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids can cause fungal overgrowth in the
mouth. Rinsing the mouth after use reduces this risk.
5. The recommended oral digoxin dose for a pediatric patient is 10
mcg/kg/day. A 12 kg child requires digoxin. What is the total daily
dose?
Correct answer: 120 mcg/day
Rationale: Pediatric digoxin dosing is weight-based. 12 kg × 10
mcg/kg = 120 mcg/day.
6. Which antibiotic is contraindicated in children under 8 years due to
risk of tooth discoloration?
Correct answer: Tetracycline
Rationale: Tetracyclines bind to calcium in teeth and bones, causing
permanent discoloration and affecting growth in young children.
7. A 6-year-old weighing 22 kg requires amoxicillin 40 mg/kg/day
divided into 3 doses. What is the dose per administration?
Correct answer: 293 mg per dose
Rationale: Daily dose: 22 × 40 = 880 mg. Divided by 3 = 293 mg per
dose.
8. Which of the following is the most important consideration when
prescribing opioids for pediatric pain management?
Correct answer: Weight-based dosing and close monitoring for
respiratory depression
, Rationale: Children are particularly sensitive to opioids. Dosing must
be precise and monitoring strict to avoid toxicity.
9. A neonate requires aminoglycoside therapy. Which parameter is
most critical to monitor?
Correct answer: Renal function
Rationale: Aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic, especially in neonates.
Dosing adjustments are based on kidney function.
10. Which statement is true regarding pediatric liquid medication
administration?
Correct answer: Use an oral syringe for accurate dosing
Rationale: Measuring cups are less accurate than oral syringes,
increasing risk of dosing errors.
11. A 3-year-old child is prescribed ibuprofen 10 mg/kg per dose every
6–8 hours. The child weighs 15 kg. What is the safe dose per
administration?
Correct answer: 150 mg
Rationale: Dose = 15 × 10 = 150 mg. Weight-based calculations are
critical in pediatric patients.
12. Which vaccine should be avoided in immunocompromised
pediatric patients?
Correct answer: Live attenuated vaccines
Rationale: Live vaccines can cause infection in immunocompromised
children. Inactivated vaccines are safe.
13. A pediatric patient has been prescribed vancomycin. What is the
key monitoring parameter?
Correct answer: Trough serum levels
Rationale: Vancomycin requires therapeutic drug monitoring to avoid
nephrotoxicity and ensure efficacy.
