Test Bank for Pathophysiology The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children 8th Edition By Sue Huether, Kathryn McCance Chapter 1-50 Complete Guide A+

TEST BANK x@




PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
The Biologic Basis For Disease In Adults
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And Children
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TH
8 EDITION BY KATHRYN L. MCC
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ANCE

,McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST
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BANK
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CONTENTS:
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
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Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents
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Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases
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Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases
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Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases
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Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease
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Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing
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Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity
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Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation
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Chapter 10: Infection
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Chapter 11: Stress and Disease
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Chapter 12: Cancer Biology
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Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology
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Chapter 14: Cancer in Children
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Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
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Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function
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Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function
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Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction
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Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders
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Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children
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Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation
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Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
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Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition
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Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems
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Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System
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Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System
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Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections
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Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System
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Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function
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Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function
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Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children
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Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
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Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
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Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children
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Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System
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Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function
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Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
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Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems
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Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function
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Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
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Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System
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Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function
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Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children
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Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System
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Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function
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Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children
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Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
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Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children
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Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults
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Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children
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, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BA
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NK


Part 1: CENTRAL CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: CELLS AND TISSUES U
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nit I: THE CELL
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CHAPTER 01: CELLULAR BIOLOGY x@ x@ x@




MULTIPLE CHOICE x@




1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
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a. Cells can produce proteins. x@ x@ x@



b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes x@ x@ x@ x@



.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
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d. Cells can synthesize fats. x@ x@ x@




ANS: C x@



In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their su
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rroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic
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absorption.

PTS: x @ x @ 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering x@ x@




2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome

ANS: C x@



The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most
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of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-
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binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are resp
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onsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
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Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes functio
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n as the intracellular digestive system.
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PTS: x @ x @ 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering x@ x@




3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remo
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ve hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
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a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B x@

, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BA
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NK


Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove
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@hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which i
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s a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisom
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es.
Ribosomes are RNA- x@ x@



protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into th
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e cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosome
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s are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 diges
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tive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and c
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arbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the cellular membran
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e.

PTS: x @ x @ 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering x@ x@




4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
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a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex x@



c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum x@ x@



d. Lysosomes

ANS: D x@



The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes
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within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix
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. Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of th
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e lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular sel
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f-
digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis.
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The Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often located n
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ear the cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone produ
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ction and removing toxic substances from the cell.
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PTS: x @ x @ 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering x@ x@




5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
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a. Increased heart rate and force of contractio x@ x@ x@ x@ x@ x@



n
b. Secretion of cortisol x@ x@



c. Increased retention of water x@ x@ x@



d. Breakdown of fat x@ x@




ANS: C x@



Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes i
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ncreases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH. B
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reakdown of fat is due to glucagon. x@ x@ x@ x@ x@ x@




PTS: x @ x @ 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering x@ x@




6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
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a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M