Respiratory Medications Mastery Exam: Test Bank Questions 1–150 – Comprehensive Practice Assessment. Answers And Rationale Included 2025/2026

Respiratory Medications Mastery Exam: Test Bank
Questions 1–150 – Comprehensive Practice
Assessment. Answers And Rationale Included
2025/2026

1. Which class of drug is considered first-line maintenance therapy
for persistent asthma?
A. Short-acting beta-agonists
B. Leukotriene modifiers
C. Inhaled corticosteroids
D. Anticholinergics
Answer: C. Inhaled corticosteroids
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids reduce airway inflammation
and are the cornerstone of long-term control for persistent
asthma.
2. Albuterol primarily works by stimulating which receptor?
A. Beta-1
B. Beta-2
C. Alpha-1
D. Muscarinic
Answer: B. Beta-2
Rationale: Albuterol selectively stimulates beta-2 receptors
causing bronchodilation by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle.
3. Which medication is a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA)?
A. Albuterol
B. Salmeterol
C. Ipratropium

, D. Montelukast
Answer: B. Salmeterol
Rationale: Salmeterol is a LABA used for long-term control, not
for acute symptom relief.
4. Which drug is classified as an anticholinergic bronchodilator?
A. Tiotropium
B. Fluticasone
C. Theophylline
D. Omalizumab
Answer: A. Tiotropium
Rationale: Tiotropium blocks muscarinic receptors, reducing
bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion.
5. Montelukast works by blocking which inflammatory mediator?
A. Prostaglandins
B. Histamine
C. Leukotrienes
D. Bradykinin
Answer: C. Leukotrienes
Rationale: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that
prevents bronchoconstriction and inflammation.
6. Which inhaled corticosteroid is commonly used for asthma
maintenance?
A. Budesonide
B. Albuterol
C. Cromolyn
D. Epinephrine
Answer: A. Budesonide
Rationale: Budesonide is an inhaled corticosteroid used for long-
term asthma control.

,7. Which medication is used as a rescue inhaler in acute asthma
attacks?
A. Fluticasone
B. Salmeterol
C. Albuterol
D. Montelukast
Answer: C. Albuterol
Rationale: Short-acting beta-agonists like albuterol provide
rapid bronchodilation for acute symptoms.
8. What is the primary action of ipratropium?
A. Decreases airway inflammation
B. Blocks muscarinic receptors
C. Stimulates mast cell release
D. Enhances mucociliary clearance
Answer: B. Blocks muscarinic receptors
Rationale: Ipratropium is an anticholinergic that prevents
bronchospasm by blocking muscarinic receptors.
9. Which drug is a methylxanthine bronchodilator?
A. Theophylline
B. Montelukast
C. Fluticasone
D. Salmeterol
Answer: A. Theophylline
Rationale: Theophylline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle
through phosphodiesterase inhibition.
10. Which medication stabilizes mast cells to prevent asthma
symptoms?
A. Cromolyn
B. Prednisone

, C. Albuterol
D. Formoterol
Answer: A. Cromolyn
Rationale: Cromolyn prevents mast cell degranulation and
release of inflammatory mediators.
11. Which adverse effect is most commonly associated with
inhaled corticosteroids?
A. Nephrotoxicity
B. Oral candidiasis
C. Hepatotoxicity
D. Ototoxicity
Answer: B. Oral candidiasis
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids can cause local
immunosuppression leading to oral thrush.
12. Which systemic corticosteroid is commonly used for acute
asthma exacerbations?
A. Prednisone
B. Montelukast
C. Salmeterol
D. Tiotropium
Answer: A. Prednisone
Rationale: Oral prednisone reduces airway inflammation during
moderate to severe asthma attacks.
13. Omalizumab is indicated for which condition?
A. Acute bronchospasm
B. Allergic asthma
C. Bacterial pneumonia
D. Pulmonary embolism
Answer: B. Allergic asthma