HESI COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW FOR NCLEX-RN 2025 – QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS
What types of procedures should be assigned to professional nurses? - (answers)Sterile or invasive
procedures.
Negligence is measured by reasonableness. What question might the nurse ask when determining such
reasonableness? - (answers)Would a reasonable and prudent nurse act in the same manner under the
same circumstances?
List the 4 elements that are necessary to prove negligence. - (answers)Duty. Failure to protect client
again unreasonable risk. Breach of duty. Failure to perform according to established standards.
Causation. A connection exists between conduct of the nurse and the resulting damage. Damages.
Damage is done to the client, physical or mental.
Define an intentional tort and five one example. - (answers)Conduct causing damage to another person
in a willful or intentional way without just cause. Example Hitting a client out of anger, not in a manner of
self protection.
Voluntary admission - (answers)Client admits self to an institution for treatment and restrains his or her
civil rights. He or she may leave at any time.
Involuntary admission - (answers)Someone other than client applies for the client's admission to an
institution requires certification by 1 or 2 health care providers that the person is a danger to self or
others.
List 5 activities a person who is declared incompetent cannot perform. - (answers)Vote, make contracts
or wills, drive a care, sue or be sued, hold a professional license.
Name 3 legal requirements of a surgical permit - (answers)Voluntary, informed, and written.
,Who may give consent for medical treatment? - (answers)Alert, coherent, or otherwise competent
adults, a parent or legal guardian, a person in loco parentis of minors or incompetent adults.
What law protects the nurse who provides care or gives aid in an emergency situation? - (answers)The
Good Samaritan Act.
What action should the nurse take if he or she questions a health care provider's prescription that they
believe is wrong? - (answers)Inform the health care provider. Record that the health care provider was
informed and the health care provider's response to such information. Inform the nursing supervisor.
Refuse to carry out the prescription.
Describe the nurse's legal responsibility when asked to perform a task for which he or she is unprepared.
- (answers)Inform the health care provider or person asking the nurse to perform the task that he or she
is unprepared to carry out the task. Refuse to perform the task.
Describe nursing care of the restrained client. - (answers)Apply restraints properly. Check restraints
frequently to see that they are not causing injury and record such monitoring. Remove restraints as soon
as possible. Use restraints as a last resort.
By what authority may RNs delegate nursing care to others? - (answers)State Nurse Practice Act
A UAP may perform care that falls within which components of the nursing process? -
(answers)Implementation
Which type of communication is necessary to implement a democratic leadership style? -
(answers)Assertive communication skills
What are the 4 rights of communication? - (answers)Right task, right circumstance, right person, right
direction or communication, and right supervision.
,Which tasks can be delegated to a UAP? A. Inserting a Foley catheter. B. Measuring and recording the
client's output through a Foley catheter. C. Teaching a client how to care for a catheter after discharge. D.
Assessing for symptoms of a urinary tract infection. - (answers)A. is a sterile invasive procedure and
should not be delegated to a UAP. B. Falls within the implementation phase, does not involve nursing
judgement. Evaluation of the I & O must be done by the nurse. C. Client teaching requires the abilities of
a nurse should not be delegated. D. Assessment must be performed by the nurse and should not be
delegated.
What are the essential steps of effective supervision? - (answers)Direction, evaluation, and follow-up.
Which of the following is an example of assertive communication? A. You need to improve the way you
spend your time so that all of your care gets performed. B. I've noticed that many of your clients did not
get their care today. - (answers)A. This is an aggressive communication, which causes anger, hostility, and
a defensive attitude. B. Assertive communication begins with I rather than you and clearly states the
problem.
List the three levels of disaster management - (answers)Disaster preparedness, disaster response, and
disaster recovery.
List examples of the three levels of prevention in disaster management. - (answers)Primary: develop
plan, train and educate personnel and public. Secondary: triage, treatment shelter, supervision. Tertiary:
follow-up, recovery assistance, prevention of future disasters.
Triage - (answers)To sort or categorize
Identify three bio-terrorism agents. - (answers)Anthrax, pneumonic plague, botulism, smallpox,
inhalation tularemia, viral hemorrhage, fever, ricin, sarin, radiation.
What Po2 value indicates respiratory failure in adults? - (answers)Po2 below 60 mmHg
What blood value indicates hypercapnia? - (answers)Pco2 above 45 mm Hg
, Identify the condition that exits when the Po2 is less than 50 mmHg and Fio2 is greater than 60%. -
(answers)Hypoxemia
List three symptoms of respiratory failure in adults. - (answers)Dyspnea tachypnea, intercostal and
sternal retractions cyanosis.
List four common causes of respiratory failure in children. - (answers)Congenital heart disease, infection
or sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, aspiration, fluid overload or dehydration.
What percentage of O2 should a child in severe respiratory distress receive? - (answers)100%
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome - (answers)Is an unexpected, catastrophic pulmonary complication
occurring a person with no previous pulmonary problem. Mortality rate 50%.
Interventions to prevent complications of clients on mechanical ventilation with ARDS - (answers)Elevate
head of bed at least 30 degrees. Assist with daily awakening. Implement a comprehensive oral hygiene
program. Implement a comprehensive mobilization program.
Suction - (answers)Only when secretions are present.
Allen Test - (answers)Perform prior to drawing ABGs. Ensures collateral circulation ot the hand if
thrombosis of the radial artery should follow the puncture.
Positive Allen test - (answers)Make the clients hand blanch by obliteration both the radial and the ulnar
pulses. Then release the pressure over the ulnar artery only. If flow through the ulnar artery is good,
flushing will be see immediately.
VERIFIED ANSWERS
What types of procedures should be assigned to professional nurses? - (answers)Sterile or invasive
procedures.
Negligence is measured by reasonableness. What question might the nurse ask when determining such
reasonableness? - (answers)Would a reasonable and prudent nurse act in the same manner under the
same circumstances?
List the 4 elements that are necessary to prove negligence. - (answers)Duty. Failure to protect client
again unreasonable risk. Breach of duty. Failure to perform according to established standards.
Causation. A connection exists between conduct of the nurse and the resulting damage. Damages.
Damage is done to the client, physical or mental.
Define an intentional tort and five one example. - (answers)Conduct causing damage to another person
in a willful or intentional way without just cause. Example Hitting a client out of anger, not in a manner of
self protection.
Voluntary admission - (answers)Client admits self to an institution for treatment and restrains his or her
civil rights. He or she may leave at any time.
Involuntary admission - (answers)Someone other than client applies for the client's admission to an
institution requires certification by 1 or 2 health care providers that the person is a danger to self or
others.
List 5 activities a person who is declared incompetent cannot perform. - (answers)Vote, make contracts
or wills, drive a care, sue or be sued, hold a professional license.
Name 3 legal requirements of a surgical permit - (answers)Voluntary, informed, and written.
,Who may give consent for medical treatment? - (answers)Alert, coherent, or otherwise competent
adults, a parent or legal guardian, a person in loco parentis of minors or incompetent adults.
What law protects the nurse who provides care or gives aid in an emergency situation? - (answers)The
Good Samaritan Act.
What action should the nurse take if he or she questions a health care provider's prescription that they
believe is wrong? - (answers)Inform the health care provider. Record that the health care provider was
informed and the health care provider's response to such information. Inform the nursing supervisor.
Refuse to carry out the prescription.
Describe the nurse's legal responsibility when asked to perform a task for which he or she is unprepared.
- (answers)Inform the health care provider or person asking the nurse to perform the task that he or she
is unprepared to carry out the task. Refuse to perform the task.
Describe nursing care of the restrained client. - (answers)Apply restraints properly. Check restraints
frequently to see that they are not causing injury and record such monitoring. Remove restraints as soon
as possible. Use restraints as a last resort.
By what authority may RNs delegate nursing care to others? - (answers)State Nurse Practice Act
A UAP may perform care that falls within which components of the nursing process? -
(answers)Implementation
Which type of communication is necessary to implement a democratic leadership style? -
(answers)Assertive communication skills
What are the 4 rights of communication? - (answers)Right task, right circumstance, right person, right
direction or communication, and right supervision.
,Which tasks can be delegated to a UAP? A. Inserting a Foley catheter. B. Measuring and recording the
client's output through a Foley catheter. C. Teaching a client how to care for a catheter after discharge. D.
Assessing for symptoms of a urinary tract infection. - (answers)A. is a sterile invasive procedure and
should not be delegated to a UAP. B. Falls within the implementation phase, does not involve nursing
judgement. Evaluation of the I & O must be done by the nurse. C. Client teaching requires the abilities of
a nurse should not be delegated. D. Assessment must be performed by the nurse and should not be
delegated.
What are the essential steps of effective supervision? - (answers)Direction, evaluation, and follow-up.
Which of the following is an example of assertive communication? A. You need to improve the way you
spend your time so that all of your care gets performed. B. I've noticed that many of your clients did not
get their care today. - (answers)A. This is an aggressive communication, which causes anger, hostility, and
a defensive attitude. B. Assertive communication begins with I rather than you and clearly states the
problem.
List the three levels of disaster management - (answers)Disaster preparedness, disaster response, and
disaster recovery.
List examples of the three levels of prevention in disaster management. - (answers)Primary: develop
plan, train and educate personnel and public. Secondary: triage, treatment shelter, supervision. Tertiary:
follow-up, recovery assistance, prevention of future disasters.
Triage - (answers)To sort or categorize
Identify three bio-terrorism agents. - (answers)Anthrax, pneumonic plague, botulism, smallpox,
inhalation tularemia, viral hemorrhage, fever, ricin, sarin, radiation.
What Po2 value indicates respiratory failure in adults? - (answers)Po2 below 60 mmHg
What blood value indicates hypercapnia? - (answers)Pco2 above 45 mm Hg
, Identify the condition that exits when the Po2 is less than 50 mmHg and Fio2 is greater than 60%. -
(answers)Hypoxemia
List three symptoms of respiratory failure in adults. - (answers)Dyspnea tachypnea, intercostal and
sternal retractions cyanosis.
List four common causes of respiratory failure in children. - (answers)Congenital heart disease, infection
or sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, aspiration, fluid overload or dehydration.
What percentage of O2 should a child in severe respiratory distress receive? - (answers)100%
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome - (answers)Is an unexpected, catastrophic pulmonary complication
occurring a person with no previous pulmonary problem. Mortality rate 50%.
Interventions to prevent complications of clients on mechanical ventilation with ARDS - (answers)Elevate
head of bed at least 30 degrees. Assist with daily awakening. Implement a comprehensive oral hygiene
program. Implement a comprehensive mobilization program.
Suction - (answers)Only when secretions are present.
Allen Test - (answers)Perform prior to drawing ABGs. Ensures collateral circulation ot the hand if
thrombosis of the radial artery should follow the puncture.
Positive Allen test - (answers)Make the clients hand blanch by obliteration both the radial and the ulnar
pulses. Then release the pressure over the ulnar artery only. If flow through the ulnar artery is good,
flushing will be see immediately.
