1|Page
NUR 2474 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 REVIEW
GUIDE UPDATED 2025 2026 WITH ALL NEW
QUESTIONS AND EXACTLY RIGHT ANSWERS |
A+ QUALITY GUARANTEE
What is the therapeutic blood level range for Lithium? - ANSWER: 0.8-1.4
mEq/L
What blood level indicates Lithium toxicity? - ANSWER: Greater than 1.5 mEq/L
What are common side effects of Lithium at therapeutic levels? - ANSWER: GI
effects, tremors, polyuria, renal toxicity, goiter, hypothyroidism, teratogenesis.
What are the toxic side effects of Lithium? - ANSWER: More severe and
potentially life-threatening symptoms, such as increased tremors and muscle
incoordination.
Medication for low blood glucose, given via injection for unresponsive patients -
ANSWER: Glucagon
Low blood sugar symptoms: tremors, pallor, agitation, treated with sugar and carbs
- ANSWER: Hypoglycemia
Taken daily with food, may increase blood sugar, suppress immune system -
ANSWER: Steroids
Symptoms: fever, nervousness, increased heart rate, diarrhea; requires immediate
hospital referral - ANSWER: Thyroid Storm
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Includes checking blood sugars, rotating injection sites, monitoring A1C, and
recognizing symptoms of hypo/hyperglycemia - ANSWER: Insulin Self-Care
Clear and cloudy insulins can be mixed, vials should be rolled and stored in a cool
place - ANSWER: Regular and NPH Insulin Mixing
What medications are typically used for treating bipolar disorder (BPD)? -
ANSWER: Mood stabilizer (Lithium), antidepressant (SSRI), and antipsychotic
(2nd generation like olanzapine or risperidone).
How do benzodiazepines assist in alcohol withdrawal? - ANSWER: They
decrease withdrawal manifestations and intensity, induce sleepiness, and provide
CNS depression.
What is the primary use of Alprazolam? - ANSWER: To treat anxiety by
inhibiting GABA in the CNS.
What are common side effects of Alprazolam? - ANSWER: CNS depression,
anterograde amnesia, sleep driving, paradoxical effects, respiratory depression.
What should be avoided when taking Alprazolam? - ANSWER: Concurrent use
with other CNS depressants and alcohol.
What are the types of medications used to treat anxiety? - ANSWER:
Benzodiazepines, atypical anxiolytics (buspirone), SSRIs (paroxetine, fluoxetine),
TCAs, MAOIs, and trazodone.
What are potential side effects of sedative/hypnotics? - ANSWER: Sedation,
sleepiness, CNS depression, anterograde amnesia, sleep driving, paradoxical
effects, respiratory depression.
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What instructions should be given to patients taking sedative/hypnotics? -
ANSWER: Avoid alcohol use and sleep driving.
What is the recommended administration schedule for Methylphenidate in
children? - ANSWER: Give in the morning after breakfast and the last dose before
4 PM.
What is the primary purpose of Methylphenidate? - ANSWER: To increase
attention and focus in children.
What are common side effects of Methylphenidate in children? - ANSWER:
Decreased appetite and insomnia if given late in the day.
What testing is required for patients on Lithium therapy? - ANSWER: Blood level
testing every 2-3 days initially, then every 3-6 months once a therapeutic dose is
established.
What is the role of the healthcare provider regarding sedative/hypnotics? -
ANSWER: They must always prescribe these medications, not the patient.
What are the signs of withdrawal from sedative/hypnotics? - ANSWER:
Drowsiness, lethargy, confusion (PO); hypotension, respiratory arrest, cardiac
arrest (IV).
What are the key considerations for test-taking strategies in NUR 2474? -
ANSWER: Memorize medication categories, key drugs, and their indications and
side effects.
NUR 2474 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 REVIEW
GUIDE UPDATED 2025 2026 WITH ALL NEW
QUESTIONS AND EXACTLY RIGHT ANSWERS |
A+ QUALITY GUARANTEE
What is the therapeutic blood level range for Lithium? - ANSWER: 0.8-1.4
mEq/L
What blood level indicates Lithium toxicity? - ANSWER: Greater than 1.5 mEq/L
What are common side effects of Lithium at therapeutic levels? - ANSWER: GI
effects, tremors, polyuria, renal toxicity, goiter, hypothyroidism, teratogenesis.
What are the toxic side effects of Lithium? - ANSWER: More severe and
potentially life-threatening symptoms, such as increased tremors and muscle
incoordination.
Medication for low blood glucose, given via injection for unresponsive patients -
ANSWER: Glucagon
Low blood sugar symptoms: tremors, pallor, agitation, treated with sugar and carbs
- ANSWER: Hypoglycemia
Taken daily with food, may increase blood sugar, suppress immune system -
ANSWER: Steroids
Symptoms: fever, nervousness, increased heart rate, diarrhea; requires immediate
hospital referral - ANSWER: Thyroid Storm
,2|Page
Includes checking blood sugars, rotating injection sites, monitoring A1C, and
recognizing symptoms of hypo/hyperglycemia - ANSWER: Insulin Self-Care
Clear and cloudy insulins can be mixed, vials should be rolled and stored in a cool
place - ANSWER: Regular and NPH Insulin Mixing
What medications are typically used for treating bipolar disorder (BPD)? -
ANSWER: Mood stabilizer (Lithium), antidepressant (SSRI), and antipsychotic
(2nd generation like olanzapine or risperidone).
How do benzodiazepines assist in alcohol withdrawal? - ANSWER: They
decrease withdrawal manifestations and intensity, induce sleepiness, and provide
CNS depression.
What is the primary use of Alprazolam? - ANSWER: To treat anxiety by
inhibiting GABA in the CNS.
What are common side effects of Alprazolam? - ANSWER: CNS depression,
anterograde amnesia, sleep driving, paradoxical effects, respiratory depression.
What should be avoided when taking Alprazolam? - ANSWER: Concurrent use
with other CNS depressants and alcohol.
What are the types of medications used to treat anxiety? - ANSWER:
Benzodiazepines, atypical anxiolytics (buspirone), SSRIs (paroxetine, fluoxetine),
TCAs, MAOIs, and trazodone.
What are potential side effects of sedative/hypnotics? - ANSWER: Sedation,
sleepiness, CNS depression, anterograde amnesia, sleep driving, paradoxical
effects, respiratory depression.
, 3|Page
What instructions should be given to patients taking sedative/hypnotics? -
ANSWER: Avoid alcohol use and sleep driving.
What is the recommended administration schedule for Methylphenidate in
children? - ANSWER: Give in the morning after breakfast and the last dose before
4 PM.
What is the primary purpose of Methylphenidate? - ANSWER: To increase
attention and focus in children.
What are common side effects of Methylphenidate in children? - ANSWER:
Decreased appetite and insomnia if given late in the day.
What testing is required for patients on Lithium therapy? - ANSWER: Blood level
testing every 2-3 days initially, then every 3-6 months once a therapeutic dose is
established.
What is the role of the healthcare provider regarding sedative/hypnotics? -
ANSWER: They must always prescribe these medications, not the patient.
What are the signs of withdrawal from sedative/hypnotics? - ANSWER:
Drowsiness, lethargy, confusion (PO); hypotension, respiratory arrest, cardiac
arrest (IV).
What are the key considerations for test-taking strategies in NUR 2474? -
ANSWER: Memorize medication categories, key drugs, and their indications and
side effects.
