EXAM 2025/2026 BANK COMPLETE
400 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
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Nonpathogenic microorganism
bacteria that are either harmless or beneficial to humans
Pathogenic microorganism
parasites requiring living matter for growth
Name three main groups of pathogenic bacteria
cocci, caccilli, siprilla
Name the 5 groups of cocci
staphylococci, streptococci, gonococci, meingococci
Staphylococci
Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of
grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules, and boils (staff)
1
,Streptococci
Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a
string of beads. They cause infections such as strep throat
and blood poisoning.
Diplococci
Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases
such as pneumonia.
Gonococci
invade the reproductive organs, causing gonorrhea
Meningococci
bacteria that cause epidemic meningitis
Baccilli
Rod shaped bacteria which produce diseases like tetanus,
influenza, typhoid and tuberculosis
Spirilla
spiral shaped bacteria found in syphillis
Bacterial Motility
bacteria moving and propelling themselves forward with the
aid of fine hair projections like flagella and cilia
Which 2 bacteria are motile?
Baccilli and spirilla
Which bacterial is generally non-motile?
2
,Cocci
Protoplasm
single bacterial cell consisting of a cell wall enclosing a life
substance
Describe the ideal environment in which the bacteria
thrive and multiply
a warm, damp dark place with significant organic material
to feed on
Mitosis
a division of an enlarged cell, becoming smaller cells
Spore
A reproductive cell with a hard, protective coating. bacteria
often enters the body through spores
Infection
produced by bacteria when human antibodies are
incapable of limiting the spread of their growth
Localized infection
an infection that is limited to a specific location in
the body and has local symptoms
Pus
bacteria, body cells and blood cells. usually a sign of
infection
3
, Name 3 ways to combat infection
through white corpuscles and antibodies which
destroy bacteria, antitoxins which counteract toxins
produced by bacteria
How do infectious microorganisms enter the body?
mouth (food, air, water)
nose
(air)
eyes
(dirt)
breaks in the skin
4