Biology 1610 Final Exam Review
Questions with All Accurate Answers
2025-2026 Edition.
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance (which might
not be water) by one degree Celsius. - Answer Specific Heat
Which of the following may be an example of X-linked inheritance in human males?
a. selective advantage of HbA Hb S heterozygotes
b. the higher incidence of hemophilia in males than females
c. trisomy 21
d. codominance of Ia and Ib alleles in heterozygotes
e. the presence of Barr bodies - Answer a. selective advantage of HbA Hb S heterozygotes
The distance between linked genes.
(This is not an absolute, standardized unit of measurement, but is relative and represents a 1%
chance of recombination.) - Answer Map Unit
Fragments of DNA from two different species, such as bacterium and mammal, spliced together
in a laboratory to create one single molecule. - Answer Recombination DNA
Where does transcription occur in eukaryotes? - Answer Nucleus
Where does translation always begin? - Answer Cytosol
The assembly of a protein on the ribosomes, using mRNA to specify the order of amino acids. -
Answer Translation
Coupled transcription and translation occur in? - Answer Prokaryotic Cells
The lagging strand is synthesized as a series of smaller DNA pieces called? - Answer Okazaki
Fragments
,This micro evolutionary mechanism is usually associated with small population size. - Answer
Genetic Drift
Assuming complete dominance, how could you determine the unknown genotype of a
dominant phenotype individual? - Answer Testcross
When looking at Morgan's crosses, which term did we use to indicate the most common
phenotype found in nature for any given character? - Answer Wild Type
What are Francis Cricks THREE contributions to biology and genetics. - Answer 1. Double
Helix Model
2. Wobble
3. The Central Dogma of Biology
The structure of DNA, in which two complementary polynucleotide strands coil around a
common helix axis. - Answer The Double Helix Model
In genetics, the phenotype or genotype that is characteristic of the majority of individuals of a
species in a natural environment. - Answer Wild Type
The realized expression of the genotype; the physical appearance of functional expression of a
trait. - Answer Phenotype
The genetic constitution underlying a single trait or set of traits. - Answer Genotype
A junction between adjacent animal cells that allows the passage of materials between the
cells. - Answer Gap Junction
The vehicle by which hereditary information is physically transmitted from one generation to
the next. - Answer Chromosome
One pair of chromosomes of the same kind located in a diploid cell. - Answer Homologue
When there is only one set of chromosomes present (n) - Answer Haploid
, The diploid (2n) cell resulting from the fusion of male and female gametes. - Answer Zygote
This type of molecule transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to the site of translation. -
Answer tRNA (transfer RNA)
Briefly, what is the population that is IN the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium doing or not doing?
a. it is gradually evolving
b. its members are not randomly mating
c. it is experiencing a bottleneck
d. it is not evolving at this time
e. it is rapidly evolving - Answer d. it is not evolving at this time.
During the translations initiation, what binds to the mRNA start codon? - Answer initiation
RNA
What model is the accepted model for DNA replication? - Answer semi concervative model
Genetic drift resulting from a population crash is called - Answer The bottleneck effect
RNA polymerase binds to - Answer the promoter
This nucleotide triplet is found in tRNA - Answer anticodon
Eye color in humans is due to the additive effects of alleles at several loci. This is an example of -
Answer Polygenetic inheritance
This concept says that is is actually the chromosomes that segregate and independently assort
and not the genes. - Answer Chromosome Theory of Inheritance
This term is used technically for any genetic locus on either a X or Y chromosome.
(It can never be used for a gene at an autosomal locus) - Answer Homologous Pair
Questions with All Accurate Answers
2025-2026 Edition.
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance (which might
not be water) by one degree Celsius. - Answer Specific Heat
Which of the following may be an example of X-linked inheritance in human males?
a. selective advantage of HbA Hb S heterozygotes
b. the higher incidence of hemophilia in males than females
c. trisomy 21
d. codominance of Ia and Ib alleles in heterozygotes
e. the presence of Barr bodies - Answer a. selective advantage of HbA Hb S heterozygotes
The distance between linked genes.
(This is not an absolute, standardized unit of measurement, but is relative and represents a 1%
chance of recombination.) - Answer Map Unit
Fragments of DNA from two different species, such as bacterium and mammal, spliced together
in a laboratory to create one single molecule. - Answer Recombination DNA
Where does transcription occur in eukaryotes? - Answer Nucleus
Where does translation always begin? - Answer Cytosol
The assembly of a protein on the ribosomes, using mRNA to specify the order of amino acids. -
Answer Translation
Coupled transcription and translation occur in? - Answer Prokaryotic Cells
The lagging strand is synthesized as a series of smaller DNA pieces called? - Answer Okazaki
Fragments
,This micro evolutionary mechanism is usually associated with small population size. - Answer
Genetic Drift
Assuming complete dominance, how could you determine the unknown genotype of a
dominant phenotype individual? - Answer Testcross
When looking at Morgan's crosses, which term did we use to indicate the most common
phenotype found in nature for any given character? - Answer Wild Type
What are Francis Cricks THREE contributions to biology and genetics. - Answer 1. Double
Helix Model
2. Wobble
3. The Central Dogma of Biology
The structure of DNA, in which two complementary polynucleotide strands coil around a
common helix axis. - Answer The Double Helix Model
In genetics, the phenotype or genotype that is characteristic of the majority of individuals of a
species in a natural environment. - Answer Wild Type
The realized expression of the genotype; the physical appearance of functional expression of a
trait. - Answer Phenotype
The genetic constitution underlying a single trait or set of traits. - Answer Genotype
A junction between adjacent animal cells that allows the passage of materials between the
cells. - Answer Gap Junction
The vehicle by which hereditary information is physically transmitted from one generation to
the next. - Answer Chromosome
One pair of chromosomes of the same kind located in a diploid cell. - Answer Homologue
When there is only one set of chromosomes present (n) - Answer Haploid
, The diploid (2n) cell resulting from the fusion of male and female gametes. - Answer Zygote
This type of molecule transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to the site of translation. -
Answer tRNA (transfer RNA)
Briefly, what is the population that is IN the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium doing or not doing?
a. it is gradually evolving
b. its members are not randomly mating
c. it is experiencing a bottleneck
d. it is not evolving at this time
e. it is rapidly evolving - Answer d. it is not evolving at this time.
During the translations initiation, what binds to the mRNA start codon? - Answer initiation
RNA
What model is the accepted model for DNA replication? - Answer semi concervative model
Genetic drift resulting from a population crash is called - Answer The bottleneck effect
RNA polymerase binds to - Answer the promoter
This nucleotide triplet is found in tRNA - Answer anticodon
Eye color in humans is due to the additive effects of alleles at several loci. This is an example of -
Answer Polygenetic inheritance
This concept says that is is actually the chromosomes that segregate and independently assort
and not the genes. - Answer Chromosome Theory of Inheritance
This term is used technically for any genetic locus on either a X or Y chromosome.
(It can never be used for a gene at an autosomal locus) - Answer Homologous Pair
