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RBC - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔females 4.2-5.4 million
males 4.7-6.1 million
decrease RBC - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔anemia
WBC - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔5,000-10,000
elevated WBC - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔infection
decreased WBC - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔immunosuppression
Iron - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔females 60-160 mcg
males 80-180
elevated iron - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔hemochromatosis, iron excess
,liver disorder, magaloblastic anemia
decreased iron - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔anemia or hemorrhage
platelets - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔150,000-4000,000
increased platelets - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔malignancy or polycythemia vera
decreased platelets - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔autoimmune disease
bone marrow suppression or enlarged spleen
Hbg - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔females 12-16
males 14-18
decrease Hgb and Hct - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔anemia
Hct - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔females 37%-47%
males 42-52%
anemia in children
S & SX: - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔pallor, brittle spoon shaped nails
irritability, muscle weakness
systolic heart murmur, enlarged heart, HF
,iron supplements - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔give 1 hr before or 2 hr after antacid to
prevent malabsorpt
N/D and constipation common at start of therapy
use straw for liquid iron to prevent staining of teeth
aPTT - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1.5-2X control range of 30-40 seconds
test clotting factors and monitor heparin therapy
increased aPTT - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔hemophilia
disseminated intravascular coagulation DIC
liver disease
PT - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔11-12.5 seconds, 85-100%
increased PT time - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔evidence of deficiency or clotting
decreaed PT time - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔evidence of vit K excess= bleed out
acute hemolytic blood transfusion reactions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔**low back
pain, TACHYcardia, HYPOtension
febrile reactions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔30 min-6 hr after transfusion
-chills, fever, flushing, headache
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3
, use WBC filter, administer antipyretics
mild allergic reactions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔during or up to 24hr after
transfusion
- itching, urticarial, flushing
administer benadryl
anaphylactic shock - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔wheezing, dyspnea, cyanosis,
hypotension
maintain airway, admin O2, IV fluids, antihistamines, corticosteroids and
vasopressor
fluid overload - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔HYPERtension,
jugular vein distention, peripheral edema
orthopnea, crackles at base of lungs
sudden anxiety
sepsis and septic shock - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-fever, N/V, abdominal pain, chills
HYPOtension
administer antibiotics, blood cultures, vasopressor (dopamine)