“The Ultimate HESI Medical Surgical Nursing Q&A
Booster: High-Yield Clinical Questions, Accurate
Answers, Detailed Rationales, and Proven Strategies
for Fast Score Improvement”
1. When=describing=patient=education=approaches,=the=nurse=educator=
would=explain=that=informal=teaching=is=an=approach=that
a. follows=formalized=plans
b. has=standardized=content
c. often=occurs=one-to-one
d. addresses=group=needs=-=CORRECT=ANSWER-
C.=Informal=teaching=is=individualized=one=on=one=teaching=whi
ch=represents=the=majority=of=patient=education=done=by=nurses=
that=occurs=when=an=intervention=is=explained=or=a=question=is=a
nswered.=Group=needs=are=often=the=focus=of=formal=patient=ed
ucation=courses=or=classes.=Informal=teaching=does=not=necessar
ily=follow=a=specific=formalized=plan.=It=may=be=planned=with=sp
ecific=content,=but=it=is=individualized=responses=to=patient=need
s.=Formal=teaching=involves=the=use=of=a=curriculum/course=pla
n=with=standardized=content.
2. A=patient=expresses=a=strong=interest=in=returning=to=their=work,=famil
y,=and=hobbies=after=having=a=stroke.=Which=theory=type=would=the=n
urse=use=to=develop=a=plan=of=care=for=the=best=results=of=this=patient's=
motivation=style?
a. field
b. biological
c. cognitive
1
, d. sociologic=-=CORRECT=ANSWER-
C.=Cognitive=theorists=believe=that=attention,=relevance,=confide
nce,=and=satisfaction=(ARCS)=are=the=conditions=that,=when=inte
grated,=motivate=someone=to=learn.=Field=theorists=place=signific
ance=on=how=achievement,=power,=the=need=for=affiliation,=and=
avoidance=motives=influence=individual=behavior.=Sociologic=th
eories=are=not=involved=in=motivation.
3. The=nurse=is=assessing=a=group=of=clients.=Which=clients=are=at=greater
=risk=for=hypothermia=or=frostbite?=(select=all=that=apply)
a. an=older=woman=with=hypertension
b. a=young=man=with=a=body=mass=index=of=42
c. a=young=many=who=has=just=consumed=six=martinis
d. an=older=man=who=smokes=a=pack=of=cigarettes=a=day
e. a=young=woman=who=is=anorexic
f. a=young=woman=who=is=diabetic=-=CORRECT=ANSWER-
C,=D,=E,=F
4. clients=with=poor=nutrition,=fatigue,=and=multiple=chronic=illnesses=are
=at=greater=risk=for=hypothermia.=Clients=who=smoke,=consume=alcoh
ol,=or=have=impaired=peripheral=circulation=have=a=higher=incidence=o
f=frostbite.
5. Which=statement=made=by=a=nurse=represents=the=need=for=further=e
ducation=regarding=pain=management=in=older=adult=clients?
a. older=adults=tend=to=report=pain=less=often=than=younger=adults
b. older=clients=usually=have=more=experience=with=pain=than=you
nger=clients
c. older=adults=are=at=greatest=risk=for=under=treated=pain
d. older=clients=have=a=different=pain=mechanism=and=do=not=feel=i
t=as=much=-=CORRECT=ANSWER-D
2
,6. There=is=no=evidence=to=support=the=idea=that=older=adult=clients=perc
eive=pain=any=differently=than=younger=clients.=The=other=statements=
are=accurate=regarding=older=clients=and=pain.
7. The=nurse=is=working=at=a=first=aid=booth=for=a=spring=training=game=o
n=a=hot=day.=A=spectator=comes=in,=reporting=that=he=is=not=feeling=wel
l.=Vital=signs=are=temp=104.1=F,=pulse=132=BPM,=respirs=26=breaths/m
in,=and=blood=pressure=106/66=mm=Hg.=He=trips=over=his=feet=as=the=
nurse=leads=him=to=a=cot.=What=is=the=priory=action=of=the=nurse?
a. admin=tylenol=650=mg=orally
b. encourage=rest,=and=reassess=in=15=minutes
c. sponge=the=victim=with=cool=water=and=remove=his=shirt
d. encourage=drinking=of=cool=water=or=sports=drink=-
=CORRECT=ANSWER-C
8. The=spectator=shows=signs=of=heat=stroke,=which=is=a=medical=emerge
ncy.=The=spectator=should=be=transported=to=the=ED=ASAP.=The=nur
s=should=take=actions=to=lower=his=body=temp=in=teh=meantime=by=re
moving=his=shirt=and=sponging=his=body=with=cool=water.=Lowering=bo
dy=temp=by=drinking=cool=fluids=or=taking=acetaminophen=is=not=as=eff
ective=in=an=emergency=situation.=The=client=needs=to=be=cooled=quic
kly=and=is=a=priority=for=treatment
9. The=client=is=receiving=an=IV=of=60=mEq=of=potassium=chloride=ina=10
00=mL=solution=of=dextrose=5%=in=0.45%=saline.=The=client=states=that
=the=area=around=the=IV=site=burns.=What=intervention=does=the=nurs
e=perform=first?
a. assess=for=a=blood=return
b. notify=the=physician
c. document=the=finding
3
, d. stop=the=IV=infusion=-=CORRECT=ANSWER-D
10. Potassium=is=a=severe=tissue=irritant.=The=safest=action=is=to=disc
ontinue=the=solution=that=contains=the=potassium=and=discontinue=the
=IV=altogether,=in=which=case=the=client=would=need=another=site=start
ed.=Assessing=for=a=blood=return=may=or=may=not=be=successful.=The=
solution=could=be=diluted=(less=potassium)=and=the=rate=could=be=slow
ed=once=it=is=determined=that=the=needle=is=in=the=vein.
11. A=nurse=is=caring=for=an=older=adult=client=who=lives=alone.=Whi
ch=economic=situation=presents=the=most=serious=problem=for=this=cli
ent?
a. costs=of=creating=a=living=will
b. stock=market=fluctuations
c. increased=provider=benefits
d. social=security=as=the=basis=of=income=-=CORRECT=ANSWER-
D
12. Older=adults=on=fixed=incomes=are=unable=to=adjust=their=incom
e=to=meet=rising=costs=associated=with=meeting=basic=needs
13. Controlling=pain=is=important=to=promoting=wellness.=Unrelieve
d=pain=has=been=associated=with=
a. prolonged=stress=response=and=a=cascade=of=harmful=effects=syst
em=wide.
b. decreased=tumor=growth=and=longevity
c. large=tidal=volumes=and=decreased=lung=capacity
d. decreased=carbohydrate,=protein,=and=fat=destruction=-
=CORRECT=ANSWER-A
4
Booster: High-Yield Clinical Questions, Accurate
Answers, Detailed Rationales, and Proven Strategies
for Fast Score Improvement”
1. When=describing=patient=education=approaches,=the=nurse=educator=
would=explain=that=informal=teaching=is=an=approach=that
a. follows=formalized=plans
b. has=standardized=content
c. often=occurs=one-to-one
d. addresses=group=needs=-=CORRECT=ANSWER-
C.=Informal=teaching=is=individualized=one=on=one=teaching=whi
ch=represents=the=majority=of=patient=education=done=by=nurses=
that=occurs=when=an=intervention=is=explained=or=a=question=is=a
nswered.=Group=needs=are=often=the=focus=of=formal=patient=ed
ucation=courses=or=classes.=Informal=teaching=does=not=necessar
ily=follow=a=specific=formalized=plan.=It=may=be=planned=with=sp
ecific=content,=but=it=is=individualized=responses=to=patient=need
s.=Formal=teaching=involves=the=use=of=a=curriculum/course=pla
n=with=standardized=content.
2. A=patient=expresses=a=strong=interest=in=returning=to=their=work,=famil
y,=and=hobbies=after=having=a=stroke.=Which=theory=type=would=the=n
urse=use=to=develop=a=plan=of=care=for=the=best=results=of=this=patient's=
motivation=style?
a. field
b. biological
c. cognitive
1
, d. sociologic=-=CORRECT=ANSWER-
C.=Cognitive=theorists=believe=that=attention,=relevance,=confide
nce,=and=satisfaction=(ARCS)=are=the=conditions=that,=when=inte
grated,=motivate=someone=to=learn.=Field=theorists=place=signific
ance=on=how=achievement,=power,=the=need=for=affiliation,=and=
avoidance=motives=influence=individual=behavior.=Sociologic=th
eories=are=not=involved=in=motivation.
3. The=nurse=is=assessing=a=group=of=clients.=Which=clients=are=at=greater
=risk=for=hypothermia=or=frostbite?=(select=all=that=apply)
a. an=older=woman=with=hypertension
b. a=young=man=with=a=body=mass=index=of=42
c. a=young=many=who=has=just=consumed=six=martinis
d. an=older=man=who=smokes=a=pack=of=cigarettes=a=day
e. a=young=woman=who=is=anorexic
f. a=young=woman=who=is=diabetic=-=CORRECT=ANSWER-
C,=D,=E,=F
4. clients=with=poor=nutrition,=fatigue,=and=multiple=chronic=illnesses=are
=at=greater=risk=for=hypothermia.=Clients=who=smoke,=consume=alcoh
ol,=or=have=impaired=peripheral=circulation=have=a=higher=incidence=o
f=frostbite.
5. Which=statement=made=by=a=nurse=represents=the=need=for=further=e
ducation=regarding=pain=management=in=older=adult=clients?
a. older=adults=tend=to=report=pain=less=often=than=younger=adults
b. older=clients=usually=have=more=experience=with=pain=than=you
nger=clients
c. older=adults=are=at=greatest=risk=for=under=treated=pain
d. older=clients=have=a=different=pain=mechanism=and=do=not=feel=i
t=as=much=-=CORRECT=ANSWER-D
2
,6. There=is=no=evidence=to=support=the=idea=that=older=adult=clients=perc
eive=pain=any=differently=than=younger=clients.=The=other=statements=
are=accurate=regarding=older=clients=and=pain.
7. The=nurse=is=working=at=a=first=aid=booth=for=a=spring=training=game=o
n=a=hot=day.=A=spectator=comes=in,=reporting=that=he=is=not=feeling=wel
l.=Vital=signs=are=temp=104.1=F,=pulse=132=BPM,=respirs=26=breaths/m
in,=and=blood=pressure=106/66=mm=Hg.=He=trips=over=his=feet=as=the=
nurse=leads=him=to=a=cot.=What=is=the=priory=action=of=the=nurse?
a. admin=tylenol=650=mg=orally
b. encourage=rest,=and=reassess=in=15=minutes
c. sponge=the=victim=with=cool=water=and=remove=his=shirt
d. encourage=drinking=of=cool=water=or=sports=drink=-
=CORRECT=ANSWER-C
8. The=spectator=shows=signs=of=heat=stroke,=which=is=a=medical=emerge
ncy.=The=spectator=should=be=transported=to=the=ED=ASAP.=The=nur
s=should=take=actions=to=lower=his=body=temp=in=teh=meantime=by=re
moving=his=shirt=and=sponging=his=body=with=cool=water.=Lowering=bo
dy=temp=by=drinking=cool=fluids=or=taking=acetaminophen=is=not=as=eff
ective=in=an=emergency=situation.=The=client=needs=to=be=cooled=quic
kly=and=is=a=priority=for=treatment
9. The=client=is=receiving=an=IV=of=60=mEq=of=potassium=chloride=ina=10
00=mL=solution=of=dextrose=5%=in=0.45%=saline.=The=client=states=that
=the=area=around=the=IV=site=burns.=What=intervention=does=the=nurs
e=perform=first?
a. assess=for=a=blood=return
b. notify=the=physician
c. document=the=finding
3
, d. stop=the=IV=infusion=-=CORRECT=ANSWER-D
10. Potassium=is=a=severe=tissue=irritant.=The=safest=action=is=to=disc
ontinue=the=solution=that=contains=the=potassium=and=discontinue=the
=IV=altogether,=in=which=case=the=client=would=need=another=site=start
ed.=Assessing=for=a=blood=return=may=or=may=not=be=successful.=The=
solution=could=be=diluted=(less=potassium)=and=the=rate=could=be=slow
ed=once=it=is=determined=that=the=needle=is=in=the=vein.
11. A=nurse=is=caring=for=an=older=adult=client=who=lives=alone.=Whi
ch=economic=situation=presents=the=most=serious=problem=for=this=cli
ent?
a. costs=of=creating=a=living=will
b. stock=market=fluctuations
c. increased=provider=benefits
d. social=security=as=the=basis=of=income=-=CORRECT=ANSWER-
D
12. Older=adults=on=fixed=incomes=are=unable=to=adjust=their=incom
e=to=meet=rising=costs=associated=with=meeting=basic=needs
13. Controlling=pain=is=important=to=promoting=wellness.=Unrelieve
d=pain=has=been=associated=with=
a. prolonged=stress=response=and=a=cascade=of=harmful=effects=syst
em=wide.
b. decreased=tumor=growth=and=longevity
c. large=tidal=volumes=and=decreased=lung=capacity
d. decreased=carbohydrate,=protein,=and=fat=destruction=-
=CORRECT=ANSWER-A
4
