Exam 2: NU 606/ NU606 | Advanced
Pathophysiology Review| Questions
& Answers Grade A | 100% Correct |
Latest 2025/ 2026 Updated | Regis
A patient takes a drug that is a sympathetic agonist. Which of the
following would you expect to occur?
A. Increased heart rate and blood pressure
B. Increased heart rate and decreased blood pressure
C. Decreased heart rate and increased blood pressure
D. Decreased heart rate and blood pressure - Correct Answer - A.
Increased heart rate and blood pressure
What is preeclampsia?
What causes it? - Correct Answer - Pregnancy-specific syndrome with
both maternal and fetal manifestations
- Hypertension after 20 weeks, proteinuria, elevated serum creatinine
and liver enzymes, decreased platelets
Causes: Believes it starts in the placenta. Blood vessels in placenta
don't seem to develop or function properly
What is eclampsia? - Correct Answer - new onset grand mal seizures in
women w/ preeclampsia
When does gestational hypertension occur? - Correct Answer - After 20
weeks, no proteinuria which resolves by 12 weeks postpartum
,What is the difference between gestational hypertension and
preeclampsia? - Correct Answer - GH has no protein in the urine,
resolves by 12 weeks postpartum while preeclampsia has protein in the
urine
What is a DVT? - Correct Answer - Clots formed in deep vein in body
-Can loosen and go to the lung --> pulmonary embolism; dangerous can
block one or more a vessels
-Can go to brain and cause stroke
Who gets varicose veins? - Correct Answer - 15-20% of the general
population eventually and more frequently in those who are standing or
sitting for long periods of time at their jobs and most common over 50,
obese people, and women.
Which of the following best describes a dissecting aneurysm?
a. It is a false aneurysm resulting from a tear in the intimal layer of the
vessel that allows blood to enter the vessel wall, dissecting its layers to
create a blood filled cavity
b. It consists of a small spherical dilation of the vessel at a bifurcation
c. It involved the entire circumference of the vessel and it is
characterized by a gradual and progressive dilation of the vessel
d. None of the above. - Correct Answer - A. It is a false aneurysm
resulting from a tear in the intimal layer of the vessel that allows blood to
enter the vessel wall, dissecting its layers to create a blood filled cavity
Which of the following explains why infants are more susceptible to
acute otitis media?
A. Kids practice poor hygiene
B. Kids will usually put things in their ears
,C. The infant ear canal is smaller
D. Eustachian tube is shorter - Correct Answer - D. Eustachian tube is
shorter
What is impacted cerumen? - Correct Answer - Accumulates and narrow
the canal causing REVERSIBLE conductive hearing loss
- microbes + other debris get caught in ear
There are no symptoms usually associated with impacted cerumen
except when ________ - Correct Answer - It hardens and touches the
tympanic membrane or the canal becomes irritated by a buildup of
hardened cerumen
Can impacted cerumen cause conductive hearing loss and if so, how?
Is it reversible? - Correct Answer - Yes, ear wax hardening and touching
tympanic membrane or canal becomes irritated by buildup.
It is very much reversible
What is otitis externa? (Swimmers EAR)
What can cause it? - Correct Answer - Inflammation of the external ear
that can vary in severity
Can be caused by infectious agents, irritation, swimming, or allergic run
What microbe causes 91% of cases of acute otitis externa?
Which one are bacteria and which ones are fungi? - Correct Answer -
Bacteria: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Proteus species
Fungi: Aspergillus
, Acute otitis media in children - Correct Answer - Acute bacterial or viral
infection in the middle ear
Why are children more susceptible to acute otitis media? - Correct
Answer - Eustachian tube is shorter, more horizontal, and wider
What is otitis media with effusion? - Correct Answer - Fluid in middle ear
without signs or symptoms of ear infection
- Develop spontaneously because of poor eustachian tube fn,
accompany a viral upper respiratory tract infection
What causes tinnitus? - Correct Answer - The perception of abnormal
ear or head noises, not produced by an external stimulus
- impacted cerumen, noise-induced hearing loss, presbycusis,
hypertension, head injury, inflammation, maybe abnormal firing of
auditory receptors and much more
What are some of the causes of hearing loss? - Correct Answer - 1.
Conductive hearing loss
-stimuli are not adequately transmitted
2. Sensorineural hearing loss
- affect the inner ear, auditory nerve, or auditory pathways of the brain
3. Mixed hearing loss
Which of the following could cause hearing loss?
a. Insects in the ear
b. maternal rubella
c. trauma to inner ear
d. all of the above - Correct Answer - D. All of the above
Pathophysiology Review| Questions
& Answers Grade A | 100% Correct |
Latest 2025/ 2026 Updated | Regis
A patient takes a drug that is a sympathetic agonist. Which of the
following would you expect to occur?
A. Increased heart rate and blood pressure
B. Increased heart rate and decreased blood pressure
C. Decreased heart rate and increased blood pressure
D. Decreased heart rate and blood pressure - Correct Answer - A.
Increased heart rate and blood pressure
What is preeclampsia?
What causes it? - Correct Answer - Pregnancy-specific syndrome with
both maternal and fetal manifestations
- Hypertension after 20 weeks, proteinuria, elevated serum creatinine
and liver enzymes, decreased platelets
Causes: Believes it starts in the placenta. Blood vessels in placenta
don't seem to develop or function properly
What is eclampsia? - Correct Answer - new onset grand mal seizures in
women w/ preeclampsia
When does gestational hypertension occur? - Correct Answer - After 20
weeks, no proteinuria which resolves by 12 weeks postpartum
,What is the difference between gestational hypertension and
preeclampsia? - Correct Answer - GH has no protein in the urine,
resolves by 12 weeks postpartum while preeclampsia has protein in the
urine
What is a DVT? - Correct Answer - Clots formed in deep vein in body
-Can loosen and go to the lung --> pulmonary embolism; dangerous can
block one or more a vessels
-Can go to brain and cause stroke
Who gets varicose veins? - Correct Answer - 15-20% of the general
population eventually and more frequently in those who are standing or
sitting for long periods of time at their jobs and most common over 50,
obese people, and women.
Which of the following best describes a dissecting aneurysm?
a. It is a false aneurysm resulting from a tear in the intimal layer of the
vessel that allows blood to enter the vessel wall, dissecting its layers to
create a blood filled cavity
b. It consists of a small spherical dilation of the vessel at a bifurcation
c. It involved the entire circumference of the vessel and it is
characterized by a gradual and progressive dilation of the vessel
d. None of the above. - Correct Answer - A. It is a false aneurysm
resulting from a tear in the intimal layer of the vessel that allows blood to
enter the vessel wall, dissecting its layers to create a blood filled cavity
Which of the following explains why infants are more susceptible to
acute otitis media?
A. Kids practice poor hygiene
B. Kids will usually put things in their ears
,C. The infant ear canal is smaller
D. Eustachian tube is shorter - Correct Answer - D. Eustachian tube is
shorter
What is impacted cerumen? - Correct Answer - Accumulates and narrow
the canal causing REVERSIBLE conductive hearing loss
- microbes + other debris get caught in ear
There are no symptoms usually associated with impacted cerumen
except when ________ - Correct Answer - It hardens and touches the
tympanic membrane or the canal becomes irritated by a buildup of
hardened cerumen
Can impacted cerumen cause conductive hearing loss and if so, how?
Is it reversible? - Correct Answer - Yes, ear wax hardening and touching
tympanic membrane or canal becomes irritated by buildup.
It is very much reversible
What is otitis externa? (Swimmers EAR)
What can cause it? - Correct Answer - Inflammation of the external ear
that can vary in severity
Can be caused by infectious agents, irritation, swimming, or allergic run
What microbe causes 91% of cases of acute otitis externa?
Which one are bacteria and which ones are fungi? - Correct Answer -
Bacteria: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Proteus species
Fungi: Aspergillus
, Acute otitis media in children - Correct Answer - Acute bacterial or viral
infection in the middle ear
Why are children more susceptible to acute otitis media? - Correct
Answer - Eustachian tube is shorter, more horizontal, and wider
What is otitis media with effusion? - Correct Answer - Fluid in middle ear
without signs or symptoms of ear infection
- Develop spontaneously because of poor eustachian tube fn,
accompany a viral upper respiratory tract infection
What causes tinnitus? - Correct Answer - The perception of abnormal
ear or head noises, not produced by an external stimulus
- impacted cerumen, noise-induced hearing loss, presbycusis,
hypertension, head injury, inflammation, maybe abnormal firing of
auditory receptors and much more
What are some of the causes of hearing loss? - Correct Answer - 1.
Conductive hearing loss
-stimuli are not adequately transmitted
2. Sensorineural hearing loss
- affect the inner ear, auditory nerve, or auditory pathways of the brain
3. Mixed hearing loss
Which of the following could cause hearing loss?
a. Insects in the ear
b. maternal rubella
c. trauma to inner ear
d. all of the above - Correct Answer - D. All of the above
