ADVANCED ASSESSMENT: INTERPRETING FINDINGS AND FORMULATING DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES 5th Edition by Goolsby test bank is not a book but rather exam practice questions and answers

Test Bank for Advanced Assessment: Interpreting Findings
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and Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition, Mary Jo
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Goolsby, Laurie GrubbsChapter 1 - 22 | Complete
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,Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
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Multiple Choice
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Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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Xt 1. Which type of clinical decision-making is most reliable?
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A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick

Xt 2. Which of the following is false? To obtain adequate history, health-care providers must be:
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A. Methodical and systematic Xt Xt


B. Attentive to the patient’s verbal and nonverbal language Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt


C. Able to accurately interpret the patient’s responses
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D. Adept at reading into the patient’s statements Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt




Essential parts of a health history include all of the following except:
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Xt 3. A. Chief complaint Xt


B. History of the present illness Xt Xt Xt Xt


C. Current vital signs Xt Xt


D. All of the above are essential history components
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Which of the following is false? While performing the physical examination, the examiner must
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Xt 4. beable to: tX Xt


A. Differentiate between normal and abnormal findings Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt


B. Recall knowledge of a range of conditions and their associated signs and symptoms
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C. Recognize how certain conditions affect the response to other conditions Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt


D. Foresee unpredictable findings Xt Xt




The following is the least reliable source of information for diagnostic statistics:
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Xt 5. A. Evidence-based investigations Xt


B. Primary reports of research Xt Xt Xt


C. Estimation based on a provider’s experience Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt


D. Published meta-analyses Xt




The following can be used to assist in sound clinical decision-making:
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Xt 6. A. Algorithm published in a peer-reviewed journal article Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt Xt


B. Clinical practice guidelines Xt Xt


C. Evidence-based research Xt


D. All of the above Xt Xt Xt




If a diagnostic study has high sensitivity, this indicates a:
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A. High percentage of persons with the given condition will have an abnormal result
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Xt 7. B. Low percentage of persons with the given condition will have an abnormal result
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C. Low likelihood of normal result in persons without a given condition
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D. None of the above Xt Xt Xt

,Xt 8. If a diagnostic study has high specificity, this indicates a:
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A. Low percentage of healthy individuals will show a normal result
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B. High percentage of healthy individuals will show a normal result
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C. High percentage of individuals with a disorder will show a normal result
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D. Low percentage of individuals with a disorder will show an abnormal result
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Xt 9. A likelihood ratio above 1 indicates that a diagnostic test showing a:
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A. Positive result is strongly associated with the disease
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B. Negative result is strongly associated with absence of the disease
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C. Positive result is weakly associated with the disease
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D. Negative result is weakly associated with absence of the disease
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Xt XtXtX t 10. Which of the following clinical reasoning tools is defined as evidence-
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based resource based on mathematical modeling to express the likelihood of a condition in sele
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ct situations, settings, and/orpatients?
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A. Clinical practice guidelin Xt Xt


B. eClinical decision rule Cl
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C. inical algorithm Clinical Xt Xt Xt


D. recommendation

, Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-
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Answer Section
Making: Overview
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. ANS: B X t


Croskerry (2009) describes two major types of clinical diagnostic decision-
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making: intuitive and analytical. Intuitive decision-making (similar to Augenblink decision-
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making) is based on the experience and intuition of the clinician and is less reliable and paired
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with fairly common errors. In contrast, analytical decision-
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making is based on careful consideration and has greater reliabilitywith rare errors.
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PTS: 1
2. ANS: D X t


To obtain adequate history, providers must be well organized, attentive to the patient’s verbal a
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ndnonverbal language, and able to accurately interpret the patient’s responses to questions. R
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ather than reading into the patient’s statements, they clarify any areas of uncertainty.
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PTS: 1
3. ANS: C X t


Vital signs are part of the physical examination portion of patient assessment, not part of the health
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history.

PTS: 1
4. ANS: D X t


While performing the physical examination, the examiner must be able to differentiate between
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normal and abnormal findings, recall knowledge of a range of conditions, including their associ
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ated signs and symptoms, recognize how certain conditions affect the response to other condit
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ions, and distinguish the relevance of varied abnormal findings.
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PTS: 1
5. ANS: C X t


Sources for diagnostic statistics include textbooks, primary reports of research, and published
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meta-
analyses. Another source of statistics, the one that has been most widely used and available f
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or application to the reasoning process, is the estimation based on a provider’s experience, al
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though these are rarely accurate. Over the past decade, the availability of evidence on which
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to base clinical reasoning is improving, and there is an increasing expectation that clinical reas
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oningbe based on scientific evidence. Evidence-
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based statistics are also increasingly being used to develop resources to facilitate clinical decis
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ion-making.

PTS: 1
6. ANS: D X t


To assist in clinical decision-making, a number of evidence-
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based resources have been developedto assist the clinician. Resources, such as algorithms and
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clinical practice guidelines, assist in clinical reasoning when properly applied.
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