Test Bank for Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States 10th Edition by Tommie L. Norris Chapter 1-52 Complete Questions and Answers A+.pdf

TESTBANK
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,Porth’sPathophysiology 10th Edition Norris Test Bank
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MULTIPLECHOICE b




1. At an international nursingconference, manydiscussions and breakout sessions focused on
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the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following comments made
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b by nurses during a discussion session, which statements would be considered a good
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b representation of the WHO definition? Select all that apply. b b b b b b b b




A) Interests in keeping the elderlypopulation engaged in such activities as book b b b b b b b b b b b




reviews and word games during social time
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B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care b b b b b b b b b b b b




facilities b




C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with diabetes b b b b b b b b b




mellitus under tight blood glucose control byproviding in-home cooking classes
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D) Providingtransportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their hemodialysis b b b b b b b b b b




sessions b




E) Providing handwashingteaching sessions to a groupof young children b b b b b b b b b




Ans: A, B, C, E
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Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social
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well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.” Engaging in book reviews
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facilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics helps facilitate physical well-being;
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and assisting with tight control of diabetes helps with facilitating physical well-being even
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though the person has a chronic disease. Handwashing is vital in the prevention of disease
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and spread of germs.
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2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the large
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variety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. The nurse is
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referring to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Department of Health and
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Human Services as a teaching example. Of the following aspects discussed, which
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would be considered a determinant of health that is outside the focus of this report?
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A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American
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descent and practices various alternative therapies tominimize effects of stress.
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B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to
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hypercholesterolemiaand remains noncompliant withthe treatment regime.
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C) Theclient has a good career with exceptional preventative health care benefits.
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D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban communitywith access to many
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health care facilities. b b b




Ans: B b




Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as using alternative
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therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and promoting health for
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all (which includes having good health care benefits); and promoting good health (which
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includes living in a clean communitywith good access to health care). A client's
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noncompliance with treatments to control high cholesterol levels
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, within the presence of a family historyof CV disease does not meet the “attaining lives free of
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preventable disease and premature death” determinant.
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3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a large, university
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hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the differentiation between diseases
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that are caused byabnormal molecules and diseases that cause disease. Which of the
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following patients most clearly demonstrates the consequences of molecules that cause
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disease?
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A) A 31-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion of
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packed red blood cells
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B) A91-year-old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting from
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familial hypercholesterolemia
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C) A 19-year-old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen
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therapy and chest physiotherapy
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D) A 30-year-old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and is
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HIV positive. b b




Ans: D b




Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease. Sickle cell
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anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all examples of the effects of
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abnormal molecules.
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4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of a
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number of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of the following
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aspectsofclients'situationsbN
b esUtR
chSaI
b raN
ctGerTizBe.
s pCaOthMogenesis ratherthan etiology?
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A) Aclient who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
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B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
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C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
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D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondaryto a motor vehicle accident
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Ans: B
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Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionarycourse of disease, such as the b b b b b b b b b b b b




increasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons, and traumatic
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injuries are examples of etiologic factors.
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5. A new myocardial infarction patient requiring angioplasty and stent placement has arrived
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to his first cardiac rehabilitation appointment. In this first session, a review of the
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pathogenesis of coronary artery disease is addressed. Which statement by the patient verifies
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to the nurse that he has understood the nurse's teachings about coronary artery disease?
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A) “All Ihave to do is stop smoking, and then Iwon't have anymore heart attacks.”
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B) “My arterywas clogged byfat, so Iwill need to stop eating fatty foods like
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French fries every day.”
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C) “Sounds like this began because of inflammation inside my arterythat made it easy b b b b b b b b b b b b b




to form fatty streaks, which lead to my clogged artery.”
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D) “If I do not exercise regularly to get my heart rate up, blood pools in the veins
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causing a clot that stops blood flow to the muscle, and Iwill have aheart attack.”
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Ans: C b

, Feedback:
The true etiology/cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown; however, the
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pathogenesis of the disorder relates to the progression of the inflammatory process from a
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fatty streak to the occlusive vessel lesion seen in people with coronary artery disease. Risk
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factors for CAD revolve around cigarette smoking, diet high in fat, and lack of exercise.
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6. A 77-year-old man is a hospital inpatient admitted for exacerbation of his chronic
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obstructive pulmonarydisease (COPD), and a respiratorytherapist (RT) is assessing the
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client for the first time. WhichNU
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loTwBin.gCaO
b spMects of the patient's current state of
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health would be best characterized as a symptom rather than a sign?
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A) Thepatient's oxygen saturation is 83% bypulse oxymetry.
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B) The patient notes that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine.
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C) The RT hears diminished breath sounds to the patient's lower lung fields
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bilaterally. b




D) The patient's respiratoryrate is 31 breaths/minute. b b b b b b




Ans: B
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Feedback:
Symptoms are subjective complaints by the person experiencing the health problem,
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such as complaints of breathing difficulty. Oxygen levels, listening to breath sounds,
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and respiratory rate are all objective, observable signs of disease.
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7. Which of the following situations would be classified as a complication of a disease
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oroutcome from the treatment regimen? Select all that apply.
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A) Massivepulmonaryemboli following diagnosis of new-onset atrial fibrillation b b b b b b b b




B) Burning, intense incision pain following surgeryto remove a portion of colon due to b b b b b b b b b b b b b




intestinal aganglionosis
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C) Development ofpulmonaryfibrosis followingtreatment with bleomycin, an b b b b b b b b




antibiotic chemotherapy agent used in treatment of lymphoma
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D) Gradual deterioration in abilityto walk unassisted for a patient diagnosed with b b b b b b b b b b b




Parkinson diseaseb b




E) Loss of short-term memoryin a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer disease
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Ans: A, C
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Feedback:
Development of pulmonary emboli and pulmonary fibrosis following chemotherapyare b b b b b b b b b




both examples of a complication (adverse extensions of a disease or outcome from
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treatment). It is normal to expect incisional pain following surgery. As Parkinson disease
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progresses, the inability to walk independently is expected. This is a normal progression for
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people diagnosed with Parkinson's. Loss of short-term memory in a patient diagnosed with
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Alzheimer disease is an expected finding.
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8. Laboratory testing is ordered for a male patient during a clinic visit for a routine follow-
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up assessment of hypertension. When interpreting lab values, the nurse knows that
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A) anormalvaluerepresenNtsUtRheStIesNtGreTsuBl .
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B) if the lab result is above the 50% distribution, the result is considered elevated.
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C) all lab values are adjusted for gender and weight.
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D) if the result of a verysensitive test is negative, that does not mean the person is
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