Page 1 of 160
NERC Certification End of Class Test all 600
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATE THIS YEAR NEW!!
NERC Certification End of Class Test
If a line is loaded above its SIL, how does that affect the line and the voltage?
A. The line becomes less inductive and the voltage drops.
B. The line becomes more inductive and the voltage drops.
C. The line becomes less inductive and the voltage increases.
D. The line becomes more inductive and the voltage increases.
B. The line becomes more inductive and the voltage drops.
Feedback: The Surge Impedance Loading, or SIL, is the MW loading on a transmission line at
which the line's natural reactive power production equals its reactive power usage. If the MW
loading exceeds the SIL the transmission line will consume more MVAR than it is producing
causing voltage to decline. VAR-001 ensures that voltage levels, reactive flows, and reactive
resources are monitored, controlled, and maintained within limits in Real-time to protect
equipment and the reliable operation of the Interconnection. - NERC Standard VAR-001
What direction do MVARs typically flow in a power system?
A. Higher voltage to lower voltage magnitude
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B. On a decreasing power angle
C. Higher to lower voltage angle
D. Lower voltage to higher voltage magnitude
A. Higher voltage to lower voltage magnitude
Feedback: EPRI Tutorial, Chapter 4
Two adjacent lines exist in a Balancing Area that are the same length and have the same
ratings. One line is overhead and the other is underground. How do these two lines respond
as load picks up through the day?
A. The overhead line will carry more of the load increase
B. The underground cable will carry more of the load increase
C. The load increase will be distributed evenly over the two lines
D. The line with the higher impedance will carry more of the load increase.
B. The underground cable will carry more of the load increase
Feedback: EPRI Tutorial: Due to its higher capacitive property, the underground cable will have
lower impedance and therefore carry more of the increase.
Protective relays , such as Transmission Line relays and Transformer Differential relays, have
current flowing to them that is proportional to the current in the primary circuit. What is used
to transform the current from the primary circuit to the smaller proportional amount that
flows to the protective relay?
A. Current Transformers
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B. Series Capacitors
C. Voltage reduction relays
D. Potential Transformers.
A. Current Transformers
Feedback: High voltage transmission equipment has high current and high voltage present on it
all the time. To protect this equipment and to monitor what is going on at any given time,
protective relaying and metering are needed and used. It would be impractical to direct this
high current and voltage into a small relay. So current transformers are used to supply a small
proportional amount of current to the relays and meters. This small proportional amount of
current is produced by Current Transformers connected to each phase of the primary circuit. As
current passes through the primary, a secondary current then flows to the relay or meter.-
NERC Standard PRC-001
What is the penalty for a Balancing Authority violating the Disturbance Control Standard?
A. Must increase its Regulating Reserve
B. Must develop a correction plan
C. Must carry additional Contingency Reserve
D. Must re-evaluate and change its Frequency Bias Setting
C. Must carry additional Contingency Reserve
Balancing Authority B has scheduled interchange of 100 MW from Balancing Authority A and
50 MW to Balancing Authority C. Actual interchange is 115 MW from Balancing Authority A
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and 45 MW to Balancing Authority C. What is the inadvertent interchange for Balancing
Authority B?
A. 40 MW
B. 20 MW
C. -20 MW
D. -40 MW
C. -20 MW
Feedback: Inadvertent Interchange = NIA - NIS Actual = -115 + 45 = -70 Scheduled = -100 +50 = -
50Inadvertent = -70 - (-50) = -20"Each Balancing Authority shall calculate and record hourly
Inadvertent Interchange."- NERC Standard BAL-006
A Balancing Authority's ACE averages zero for the hour. At the end of the hour the Balancing
Authority operator notices that the Inadvertent for the hour was +20. What is the likely cause
of this Inadvertent?
A. Average frequency was high during the last hour.
B. Frequency was exactly 60 Hz for the entire last hour.
C. Average frequency was low during the last hour.
D. The average frequency for the last hour was 60 Hz.
C. Average frequency was low during the last hour.
Feedback: Since the BA's inadvertent was positive for the hour, the average NIA was greater
than the NIS. Also, the ACE averaged zero for the hour, which means frequency had to average
4
NERC Certification End of Class Test all 600
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATE THIS YEAR NEW!!
NERC Certification End of Class Test
If a line is loaded above its SIL, how does that affect the line and the voltage?
A. The line becomes less inductive and the voltage drops.
B. The line becomes more inductive and the voltage drops.
C. The line becomes less inductive and the voltage increases.
D. The line becomes more inductive and the voltage increases.
B. The line becomes more inductive and the voltage drops.
Feedback: The Surge Impedance Loading, or SIL, is the MW loading on a transmission line at
which the line's natural reactive power production equals its reactive power usage. If the MW
loading exceeds the SIL the transmission line will consume more MVAR than it is producing
causing voltage to decline. VAR-001 ensures that voltage levels, reactive flows, and reactive
resources are monitored, controlled, and maintained within limits in Real-time to protect
equipment and the reliable operation of the Interconnection. - NERC Standard VAR-001
What direction do MVARs typically flow in a power system?
A. Higher voltage to lower voltage magnitude
1
,Page 2 of 160
B. On a decreasing power angle
C. Higher to lower voltage angle
D. Lower voltage to higher voltage magnitude
A. Higher voltage to lower voltage magnitude
Feedback: EPRI Tutorial, Chapter 4
Two adjacent lines exist in a Balancing Area that are the same length and have the same
ratings. One line is overhead and the other is underground. How do these two lines respond
as load picks up through the day?
A. The overhead line will carry more of the load increase
B. The underground cable will carry more of the load increase
C. The load increase will be distributed evenly over the two lines
D. The line with the higher impedance will carry more of the load increase.
B. The underground cable will carry more of the load increase
Feedback: EPRI Tutorial: Due to its higher capacitive property, the underground cable will have
lower impedance and therefore carry more of the increase.
Protective relays , such as Transmission Line relays and Transformer Differential relays, have
current flowing to them that is proportional to the current in the primary circuit. What is used
to transform the current from the primary circuit to the smaller proportional amount that
flows to the protective relay?
A. Current Transformers
2
,Page 3 of 160
B. Series Capacitors
C. Voltage reduction relays
D. Potential Transformers.
A. Current Transformers
Feedback: High voltage transmission equipment has high current and high voltage present on it
all the time. To protect this equipment and to monitor what is going on at any given time,
protective relaying and metering are needed and used. It would be impractical to direct this
high current and voltage into a small relay. So current transformers are used to supply a small
proportional amount of current to the relays and meters. This small proportional amount of
current is produced by Current Transformers connected to each phase of the primary circuit. As
current passes through the primary, a secondary current then flows to the relay or meter.-
NERC Standard PRC-001
What is the penalty for a Balancing Authority violating the Disturbance Control Standard?
A. Must increase its Regulating Reserve
B. Must develop a correction plan
C. Must carry additional Contingency Reserve
D. Must re-evaluate and change its Frequency Bias Setting
C. Must carry additional Contingency Reserve
Balancing Authority B has scheduled interchange of 100 MW from Balancing Authority A and
50 MW to Balancing Authority C. Actual interchange is 115 MW from Balancing Authority A
3
, Page 4 of 160
and 45 MW to Balancing Authority C. What is the inadvertent interchange for Balancing
Authority B?
A. 40 MW
B. 20 MW
C. -20 MW
D. -40 MW
C. -20 MW
Feedback: Inadvertent Interchange = NIA - NIS Actual = -115 + 45 = -70 Scheduled = -100 +50 = -
50Inadvertent = -70 - (-50) = -20"Each Balancing Authority shall calculate and record hourly
Inadvertent Interchange."- NERC Standard BAL-006
A Balancing Authority's ACE averages zero for the hour. At the end of the hour the Balancing
Authority operator notices that the Inadvertent for the hour was +20. What is the likely cause
of this Inadvertent?
A. Average frequency was high during the last hour.
B. Frequency was exactly 60 Hz for the entire last hour.
C. Average frequency was low during the last hour.
D. The average frequency for the last hour was 60 Hz.
C. Average frequency was low during the last hour.
Feedback: Since the BA's inadvertent was positive for the hour, the average NIA was greater
than the NIS. Also, the ACE averaged zero for the hour, which means frequency had to average
4
