TEST BANK FOR PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY, DOMAINS OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HUMAN NATURE, RANDY J. LARSEN, BUSS & KING, 3RD CANADIAN EDITION | CHAPTER 1-19

Chapter 1, Introduction to Personality Psychology (68) 1.) Features of personality that differentiate one person from another usually take the form of in language. 1. A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. Ans: B differential pronouns trait-descriptive adjectives action-descriptive verbs trait-differentiating adverbs 2.) If I describe Juan as “possessive” or Anita as “friendly,” I am employing the use of A. trait-descriptive adjectives. B. inner psychological states. C. strategies to attain goals. D. inner qualities of personality. Ans: A 3.) How many trait-descriptive adjectives are there in the English language? A. A. More than 500 B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: D More than 1,800 More than 5,000 More than 20,000 4.) Psychologists have found it difficult to define personality because A. A. psychologists are not smart enough to determine the boundaries of human personality. B. B. C. C. D. D. personality has a common sense definition that psychologists find hard to falsify. the idea of studying human personality is a rather new concept in psychology. any definition of personality needs to be sufficiently comprehensive to include a multitude of concepts. Ans: D 5.) Research on personality traits asks all of these questions EXCEPT A. A. how many fundamental personality traits there are. B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: D Page: 6 how personality traits are organized. where personality traits come from. which cues cause behavior in a situation. 6.) Immanuel walks the same path every day at the same time. To state that he will most likely take the same route at the same time next Wednesday is using the nature of personality traits. A. A. descriptive B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: C explanatory predictive individualistic **7.) Mike makes several social errors at a party. He calls the host by the wrong name, spills his red wine on the carpet, and insults the guest of honor. We label Mike’s behavior as “socially inept.” This labeling of Mike’s behavior utilizes the research approach to personality traits. A. A. explanatory B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: B Page: 6 8.) Traits define the A. A. B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: B descriptive intuitive presumptive tendencies of an individual person. central average overt outlying 9.) A talkative person will A. A. always talk more than a quiet person. B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: D never shut up. talk more than a quiet person in theaters. talk more, on average, than a quiet person. 10.) To say that someone will tend to display a trait with regularity is to say that the person has a(n) A. A. average tendency. B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: A obsessive-compulsive disorder. adaptation. social-cognitive approach. 11.) Which of the following questions does research on personality traits NOT emphasize? A. A. How many fundamental traits are there? B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: D How are traits organized within individuals? What are the origins of traits? How are all persons similar? 12.) Psychological mechanisms differ from traits in that mechanisms A. A. are less stable. B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: B refer more to processes. do not have decision rules. are biologically “hard wired.” 13.) Which of the following is NOT part of most personality mechanisms? A. A. Access codes B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: A Decision rules Inputs Outputs 14.) The trait of courageousness is an especially good example of A. A. an adaptive trait. B. B. how traits are consistent. Ans: C C. C. D. D. 15.) Personality is A. A. B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: B how traits are activated only under certain conditions. how traits change over time. outside the person. inside the person. both outside and inside the person. inside or outside, depending on the person. 16.) To say that someone has the trait of happiness, you need to know that the person A. A. is happy at a given moment. B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: B is frequently happy. remembers being happy. makes others happy. 17.) Which of the following is NOT defined as part of the person-environment interaction? A. A. Serializations B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: A Perceptions Manipulations Selection 18.) Responses to an ink-blot test can demonstrate which part of the person-environment interaction? A. A. Perceptions B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: A Manipulations Evocations Selections 19.) Mo looks at the ink blot and sees two birds nesting. Heidi looks at the ink blot and sees a tranquil forest. Joe looks at the ink blot and sees something sexual. These three responses are illustrating that are important components of the person-environment interaction. A. A. B. B. C. C. D. D. Ans: C prostheses provocations perceptions projections *20.) Evocations are demonstrated when A. A. different people see the same situation differently. B. B. our characteristics unintentionally cause other people to act a certain way. C. C. D. D. Ans: B we intentionally attempt to make other people act in a certain way. individuals select environments to match their traits. 21.) Every time Sid walks into the room everyone laughs. This demonstrates the person-environment interaction of A. A. B. B. evocation. elocution.