NCCAOM Biomedicine Board Exam (Full Version,
2025–2026 Edition) | Verified Exam Questions &
Answers | 100% Accurate | Graded A+
The NCCAOM Biomedicine Board Exam 2025–2026 Edition provides a complete and
updated set of verified questions and accurate answers based on the latest National
Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM®)
exam blueprint. This comprehensive resource is expertly curated to support students and
practitioners preparing for the Biomedicine module — ensuring mastery of Western medical
knowledge integrated with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) principles.
Introduction
This full-version exam review covers essential biomedical concepts, including anatomy,
physiology, pathology, pharmacology, diagnostic testing, medical terminology, and
disease prevention. It also integrates practical knowledge of patient safety, red flag
symptoms, and referral guidelines. All questions are aligned with current 2025–2026
NCCAOM® Biomedicine Exam standards and have been verified for accuracy and
relevance by certified educators and subject experts. The NCCAOM Biomedicine Exam consists
of 100 questions, and this guide provides a full set of 100 questions to mirror the exam
structure.
Answer Format
Each item is presented with multiple-choice options, with the correct choice clearly shown in
bold and green. Every answer includes a concise, evidence-based rationale explaining the
biomedical reasoning and clinical application. The explanations are designed to improve
conceptual understanding, critical thinking, and recall efficiency — ensuring a guaranteed pass
for well-prepared candidates. Graded A+ | Updated 2025–2026 Verified Version.
Anatomy and Physiology (20 Questions)
1. Which nerve innervates the diaphragm?
a) Vagus nerve
b) Phrenic nerve
c) Intercostal nerves
d) Accessory nerve
b) Phrenic nerve
Rationale: The phrenic nerve (C3-C5) innervates the diaphragm, controlling its contraction for
breathing. The vagus nerve affects visceral organs, intercostal nerves innervate chest wall
muscles, and the accessory nerve controls neck muscles.
,2. What is the primary function of the pancreas?
a) Bile production
b) Insulin and glucagon secretion
c) Vitamin D synthesis
d) Red blood cell production
b) Insulin and glucagon secretion
Rationale: The pancreas regulates blood glucose via insulin (lowers glucose) and glucagon
(raises glucose). Bile is produced by the liver, vitamin D is synthesized in the skin/kidneys, and
RBCs are produced in bone marrow.
3. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the aorta?
a) Right atrium
b) Left atrium
c) Right ventricle
d) Left ventricle
d) Left ventricle
Rationale: The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta for systemic circulation.
The right ventricle pumps to the pulmonary artery, while atria receive blood.
4. What is the normal range for adult resting heart rate?
a) 40-60 beats/min
b) 60-100 beats/min
c) 100-120 beats/min
d) 120-140 beats/min
b) 60-100 beats/min
Rationale: Normal adult resting heart rate is 60-100 beats/min. Values outside this range may
indicate bradycardia or tachycardia.
5. Which muscle is responsible for knee extension?
a) Hamstrings
b) Quadriceps
c) Gastrocnemius
d) Tibialis anterior
b) Quadriceps
Rationale: The quadriceps femoris group extends the knee. Hamstrings flex the knee,
gastrocnemius aids in plantarflexion, and tibialis anterior dorsiflexes the foot.
6. What is the primary source of energy for cells?
a) Glucose
b) Amino acids
c) Fatty acids
d) Vitamins
a) Glucose
Rationale: Glucose is the primary energy source for cells via glycolysis and ATP production.
Fatty acids and amino acids are secondary sources, while vitamins are cofactors.
, 7. Which part of the brain regulates heart rate and breathing?
a) Cerebellum
b) Medulla oblongata
c) Hypothalamus
d) Cerebrum
b) Medulla oblongata
Rationale: The medulla oblongata controls vital functions like heart rate and breathing. The
cerebellum coordinates movement, the hypothalamus regulates hormones, and the cerebrum
handles higher functions.
8. What is the normal range for blood pH?
a) 7.35-7.45
b) 7.25-7.35
c) 7.45-7.55
d) 7.15-7.25
a) 7.35-7.45
Rationale: Normal blood pH is tightly regulated at 7.35-7.45. Deviations indicate acidosis or
alkalosis.
9. Which hormone regulates calcium levels in the blood?
a) Insulin
b) Parathyroid hormone
c) Cortisol
d) Thyroxine
b) Parathyroid hormone
Rationale: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases blood calcium by stimulating bone resorption
and kidney reabsorption. Insulin regulates glucose, cortisol manages stress, and thyroxine
controls metabolism.
10. What is the function of the glomerulus in the kidney?
a) Urine storage
b) Filtration of blood
c) Hormone production
d) Electrolyte secretion
b) Filtration of blood
Rationale: The glomerulus filters blood to form the initial filtrate in urine production. Storage
occurs in the bladder, hormones like erythropoietin are produced elsewhere, and electrolytes are
reabsorbed/secreted in tubules.
11. Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
a) Pulmonary artery
b) Pulmonary vein
c) Aorta
d) Vena cava
a) Pulmonary artery
2025–2026 Edition) | Verified Exam Questions &
Answers | 100% Accurate | Graded A+
The NCCAOM Biomedicine Board Exam 2025–2026 Edition provides a complete and
updated set of verified questions and accurate answers based on the latest National
Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM®)
exam blueprint. This comprehensive resource is expertly curated to support students and
practitioners preparing for the Biomedicine module — ensuring mastery of Western medical
knowledge integrated with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) principles.
Introduction
This full-version exam review covers essential biomedical concepts, including anatomy,
physiology, pathology, pharmacology, diagnostic testing, medical terminology, and
disease prevention. It also integrates practical knowledge of patient safety, red flag
symptoms, and referral guidelines. All questions are aligned with current 2025–2026
NCCAOM® Biomedicine Exam standards and have been verified for accuracy and
relevance by certified educators and subject experts. The NCCAOM Biomedicine Exam consists
of 100 questions, and this guide provides a full set of 100 questions to mirror the exam
structure.
Answer Format
Each item is presented with multiple-choice options, with the correct choice clearly shown in
bold and green. Every answer includes a concise, evidence-based rationale explaining the
biomedical reasoning and clinical application. The explanations are designed to improve
conceptual understanding, critical thinking, and recall efficiency — ensuring a guaranteed pass
for well-prepared candidates. Graded A+ | Updated 2025–2026 Verified Version.
Anatomy and Physiology (20 Questions)
1. Which nerve innervates the diaphragm?
a) Vagus nerve
b) Phrenic nerve
c) Intercostal nerves
d) Accessory nerve
b) Phrenic nerve
Rationale: The phrenic nerve (C3-C5) innervates the diaphragm, controlling its contraction for
breathing. The vagus nerve affects visceral organs, intercostal nerves innervate chest wall
muscles, and the accessory nerve controls neck muscles.
,2. What is the primary function of the pancreas?
a) Bile production
b) Insulin and glucagon secretion
c) Vitamin D synthesis
d) Red blood cell production
b) Insulin and glucagon secretion
Rationale: The pancreas regulates blood glucose via insulin (lowers glucose) and glucagon
(raises glucose). Bile is produced by the liver, vitamin D is synthesized in the skin/kidneys, and
RBCs are produced in bone marrow.
3. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the aorta?
a) Right atrium
b) Left atrium
c) Right ventricle
d) Left ventricle
d) Left ventricle
Rationale: The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta for systemic circulation.
The right ventricle pumps to the pulmonary artery, while atria receive blood.
4. What is the normal range for adult resting heart rate?
a) 40-60 beats/min
b) 60-100 beats/min
c) 100-120 beats/min
d) 120-140 beats/min
b) 60-100 beats/min
Rationale: Normal adult resting heart rate is 60-100 beats/min. Values outside this range may
indicate bradycardia or tachycardia.
5. Which muscle is responsible for knee extension?
a) Hamstrings
b) Quadriceps
c) Gastrocnemius
d) Tibialis anterior
b) Quadriceps
Rationale: The quadriceps femoris group extends the knee. Hamstrings flex the knee,
gastrocnemius aids in plantarflexion, and tibialis anterior dorsiflexes the foot.
6. What is the primary source of energy for cells?
a) Glucose
b) Amino acids
c) Fatty acids
d) Vitamins
a) Glucose
Rationale: Glucose is the primary energy source for cells via glycolysis and ATP production.
Fatty acids and amino acids are secondary sources, while vitamins are cofactors.
, 7. Which part of the brain regulates heart rate and breathing?
a) Cerebellum
b) Medulla oblongata
c) Hypothalamus
d) Cerebrum
b) Medulla oblongata
Rationale: The medulla oblongata controls vital functions like heart rate and breathing. The
cerebellum coordinates movement, the hypothalamus regulates hormones, and the cerebrum
handles higher functions.
8. What is the normal range for blood pH?
a) 7.35-7.45
b) 7.25-7.35
c) 7.45-7.55
d) 7.15-7.25
a) 7.35-7.45
Rationale: Normal blood pH is tightly regulated at 7.35-7.45. Deviations indicate acidosis or
alkalosis.
9. Which hormone regulates calcium levels in the blood?
a) Insulin
b) Parathyroid hormone
c) Cortisol
d) Thyroxine
b) Parathyroid hormone
Rationale: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases blood calcium by stimulating bone resorption
and kidney reabsorption. Insulin regulates glucose, cortisol manages stress, and thyroxine
controls metabolism.
10. What is the function of the glomerulus in the kidney?
a) Urine storage
b) Filtration of blood
c) Hormone production
d) Electrolyte secretion
b) Filtration of blood
Rationale: The glomerulus filters blood to form the initial filtrate in urine production. Storage
occurs in the bladder, hormones like erythropoietin are produced elsewhere, and electrolytes are
reabsorbed/secreted in tubules.
11. Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
a) Pulmonary artery
b) Pulmonary vein
c) Aorta
d) Vena cava
a) Pulmonary artery
