TEST BANK Microbiology An Evolving Science, 5th Edition, John Foster & Joan Slonczewski All Chapters 1 - 28 Included A+ Guide Newest Edition Instant Download

,
,CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery
r r r r r r




MULTIPLE CHOICE
r




1. Virusesare: r




a. infectiousagentsthatinfectmulti-cellularorganisms r r r r r




b. noncellular particlesthat take over the metabolism of acell to generate more virus r r r r r r r r r r r r r FG



particles
r




c. pathogens that replicate in complex growth media r r r r r r




d. cellular particles that belong to the archaea domain r r r r r r r




e. microbesthatconsist oflipidmembraneenclosedgenomes r r r r r r r




ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A|I.B r r r




MSC: Remembering r




2. Analysis of DNA sequences reveals: r r r r




a. the ancient convergence oftwo cell types, i.e., prokaryotes and eukaryotes
r r r r r r r r r r




b. prokaryotes and eukaryotes evolved froma common ancestral cell r r r r r r r r




c. that bacteria sharecommon ancestor with archaea, but not with eukarya
r r r r r r r r r r




d. prokaryotes are cells with a nucleus r r GF r r




e. the genome ofHaemophilusinfluenzae hasabout 2billion basepairs
r r r r r r r r r r




ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A|I.B r r r




MSC: Remembering r




3. Which ofthese groups are consideredto be microbes but NOT considered to be cells?
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r




a. viruses d. protists r r




b. bacteria e. filamentous fungi r




c. archaea
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A.i r




MSC: Remembering r




4. Amicrobe is commonlydefined as:
r r GF r r




a. a virusthat requires a microscope to be seen
r r r r r r r r




b. a bacterium that requires a microscope to be seen
r r r r r r r r




c. a single-cellular prokaryote that requires a microscope to be seen
r r r r r r r r r




d. a multicellular eukaryote that requires a microscope to be seen
r r r r r r r r r




e. a living organism that requires a microscope to be seen
r r r r r r r r r




ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A.i|I.A.ii
r r r




MSC: Remembering r




5. Which one of the following statements regardingmicrobial cells isNOT true?
r r r r r r r r r r r




a. Microbial cells acquire food, gain energy to build themselves, and respond to r r r r r r r r r r r




environmentalchange.
r r

, b. Most single-celled organisms require amicroscopetorender themvisible,butsome
r r r r r r r r r r r




bacterialcells are large enough to be seen withnaked eyes.
r r r r r r r r r r r




c. Microbesfunctionasindividualentities. r r r r




d. Many microbesform complex multicellularassemblages. r r r r r




e. Virusesarenot considered as microbialcells. r r r r r r




ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A.i|I.A.ii r r r




MSC: Remembering r




6. Which of thefollowing statements is FALSE?
r r r r r r




a. Agenomeisthetotal geneticinformationcontained inan organism’schromosomal DNA.
r r r r r r r r r r r r




b. If a microbe’s genome includes genes for nitrogenase, that microbe probably can fix nitroge n.
r r r r r r r r r r r r FG r




c. BycomparingDNA sequences of different organisms, we canfigure out how closely
r r GF r r r r r r r r r




related they are.
r r r




d. Fred Sanger developed the first applicable DNA sequencing method.
r r r r r r r r




e. Fred Sanger completed the sequences of Haemophilus influenzae.
r r r r r r r




ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.B r




MSC: Remembering r




7. Thefirstcellulargenomesto be sequencedwerethoseof:
r r r r r r r r r




a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.B.i r




MSC: Remembering r




8. The environment of early Earth may have contained all of the following EXCEPT:
r r r r r r r r r r r r




a. ferrousiron d. oxygen r r r




b. methane e. hydrogen gas r




c. ammonia
ANS: D DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D r r r




MSC: Remembering
r r




9. The development of the theory of the ―RNA world‖ resulted from the discovery of:
r r r r r r r r r r r r r




a. archaea d. ribozymes r r




b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: D DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D r r r




MSC: Remembering
r r




10. Whichmicrobes may resemble those ofthe earliestlife forms?
r r r r r r r r r




a. archaea d. cyanobacteria r r




b. photosynthetic algae e. protists r




c. viruses
ANS: A DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D r r r




MSC: Remembering
r r




11. Early metabolism may have been catalyzed by:
r r r r r r




a. DNA d. aminoacids r r




b. RNA e. carbohydrates