Test Bank For Community/Public Health Nursing: Promoting the Health of Populations 8th Edition by Nies | 9780323795319 | | Chapter 1-34 | All Chapters with Answers and Rationals

TESTBANK FORCOMMUNITYPUBLICHEALTH NURSING:
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PromotingtheHealthofPopulations; 8THEDITIONBYMARY &
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MELANIEb

,CH01:Health:ACommunityView
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Nies:Community/PublicHealthNursing, 8THEdition
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MULTIPLECHOICE b




1. Whichbest describes the primaryreasonthat Americansareconcerned abouthealthcare?
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a. Politiciansarediscussing howtoimprovehealthcare. b b b b b b b




b. Themediahasprovided mixed messagesabouttheprimary care system.
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c. Ournationalprimary care costskeepincreasing. b b b b b b




d. Thenewprimary care systemoffers freeservicestoAmericans. b b b b b b b b b




ACCURATE CHOICE:-C b




HYPOTHESIS:>>>The primary reason for the focus on primary care is the constantly increasing b b b b b b b b b b b b




costs, whichcannot be sustained. The costsofcaring for the sick accounted forthe majority of
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escalating primary care dollars, which increased from 5.7% of the gross domestic product in 1965 to
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17.8% in 2015. Politicians and the media both influence Americans’ perceptions about healthcare;
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however, they are not the primary reason why Americans are concerned. The new healthcare
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systemwillchange the primary care access and availability, but will not necessarily be offering any
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free services to Americans.
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DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Understand(Comprehension) b b b




2. Anursing attendant hasbegunto lobbywithpoliticians forchangestotheprimary care system. Why
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is thisinvolvement important?
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a. Nursing attendants,ascentralcharactersinseveralpopular TVseries, are b b b b b b b b b b




NR UmedSia. IN T
currently veryvisible inAmerican
b. Nursingattendantsareprimarilyrespon si b l e fo r m ana g in gOt he variousunits inourhealthcare
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b b


b




b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




system.
c. Nursing attendantsarethelargest segment ofprimary care providers. b b b b b b b b b




d. Nursing attendantsaretheonlygroupthat isemployed bothinside andoutsideofhealthcenters. b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




ACCURATE CHOICE:-C b




HYPOTHESIS:>>>Asthe largest segment ofprimary care providers, nursing attendantsare b b b b b b b b b b




informed about the current primary care systemand allthe problems that result frompeople not
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seeking care until they are desperately ill. Nursing attendants, as the American Nursing attendants
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Association (ANA) emphasize, usually believe that primary care is a right, not a privilege.
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Therefore, nursing attendants, whose work is central toour current primary care delivery system,
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can also be instrumental in working politically to create a primary care delivery system that will
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meet health needs. While nursing attendants are inseveral current TVseriesand areemployed both
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inside and outside ofhealth centers, physicians and otherprimary care providers are as well.
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Nursing attendantsareoftenmanagers, but managersoftenhaveother backgrounds, suchas business
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administration.
b




DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Understand(Comprehension) b b b




3. What conclusioncanbe drawnfromexaminingwherenursing attendants areemployed?
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a. Thereisatrendtowardconsolidationofprimary care intolargecentralmedical b b b b b b b b b b b b




bcenters.
b. Thereisanincreasedemphasisoncommunity-basedhealthcare. b b b b b b b b




c. Thereisanobviousneed to decreaseprimary care costsbycuttingpositions. b b b b b b b b b b b b




d. Managedcareorganizations(MCOs)areemployingnursing attendantstoimprovecustomer b b b b b b b b b b

, relations.
ACCURATE CHOICE:-B b




HYPOTHESIS:>>>MCOs are employing nursing attendants in many capacities. Although b b b b b b b b




health centers are closing and acute careis increasingly found in central medical centers, the same
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trend may be seen inan increase in neighborhood-based practice centers. Whilepositionsare cut in
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most industries, primary care isrecognized as an area where growth in employment is expected.
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However, nursing attendants are increasinglyemployed in communitysettings asopposed to health
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centers. This change reflects themove toward community-based care rather than health center-
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based tertiary care. To help decreasethe continued rise in primary care costs, the increased emphasis
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is on disease prevention rather than high-cost treatment.
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DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Understand(Comprehension) b b b




4. Whichethicalbeliefwould be most helpfulinthecurrent primary care crisis?
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a. Emphasisshould beonindividualandcorporationfreedominthe marketplace. b b b b b b b b b b




b. Emphasisshould beonindividualautonomyand freedomofchoice. b b b b b b b b b




c. Emphasisshouldbeonsocialjusticeandcollectiveresponsibility. b b b b b b b b




d. Emphasisshould beontheeffectiveness oftechnologyinresolvingproblems. b b b b b b b b b b




ACCURATE CHOICE:-C b




HYPOTHESIS:>>>Public healthrecognizes the necessityofcollective action inkeeping the b b b b b b b b b b




environment safeandin egalitariantraditionand vision. Anoverinvestment intechnologyand
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seeking of cures within the market justice system has stifled the evolution ofa health system to
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protect and preserve the health of the population. Although individual autonomy and freedom of
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choice are important, so is the recognitionof collective responsibility in ensuring social justice,
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which entitles all people to basic necessities.
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DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Apply(Application) b b b




5. What isthe primaryproblemseeninHealthyPeople 2020’semphasisonchoosing healthy
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lifestyle behaviors, such as daily exercise or healthy food choices?
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a. Emphasisonotherlifestylechoices,suchasnot smokingand minimaluseof b b b b b b b b b b b b




alcohol or drugs, is also needed.
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b. Allofusmust worktogetherto makeunhealthybehaviorssociallyunacceptable.
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c. Itcostsmoretomakehealthychoices, suchasbuyingandeating freshfruitsand
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vegetables as opposed to quick and cheap fast-food choices.
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d. Publicpolicyemphasizespersonalresponsibilitybutignoressocialand b b b b b b b b




environmental changes needed for well-being.
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ACCURATE CHOICE:-D b




HYPOTHESIS:>>>Althoughallresponsesareaccurate,theprimaryproblemistheemphasis on b b b b b b b b b b b




personalchoicesin the Healthy People 2020 objectives. Emphasis on personal choices ignores the
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need for community responsibility and action that addresses environmental or cultural restraints to
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health.
b




DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Apply(Application) b b b




6. WhatresponsibilitydoestheAmericanNursing attendantsAssociation(ANA)Codeof
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Ethics require ofthe nursing attendant beyond giving excellent care to victims?
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a. Acceptlongerworkschedulestoensurethat professionalcareisalwaysavailable b b b b b b b b b b b

, tohospital clients.
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b. Recognizetheneed forexperiencednursing attendantstomentornew b b b b b b b b b




graduatesto helpincrease and expand the number of professionals available.
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c. Supporthealthlegislationto improveaccessibilityandcostofhealthcare. b b b b b b b b b b




d. Volunteerto workovertimeasneededto ensure maximumqualityofcare. b b b b b b b b b b b




ACCURATE CHOICE:-C b




HYPOTHESIS:>>>TheANACodeofEthics promotessocialreformbyfocusing onhealth policy b b b b b b b b b b b b




and legislationto positively affect accessibility, quality, and cost of health care. The code does not
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directly address workplace issues, such as work schedules or need for overtime.
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DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Analyze(Analysis) b b b




7. What isthecommunityhealthnursingdefinitionofhealth?
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a. Healthisaperson’sgoal-directedpurposefulprocesstowardwell-beingor
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b wholeness.
b. Healthisanindividual’sphysical, mental,andsocialwell-being,notmerelythe
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b absence of disease or infirmity. b b b b




c. Healthisthemutualadaptationbetweenapersonand hisorherenvironment in
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b meeting daily existence. b b




d. Healthis familiesandaggregateschoosingactions toensuresafetyandwell-being.
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ACCURATE CHOICE:-D b




HYPOTHESIS:>>>Thetextstressesthathealthisnot justtheresultofanindividual’schoices, but b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




choices andactions of individuals, families, groups, and communities that lead to better health.
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DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Apply(Application) b b b




8. Howdoescommunityhealthnity?
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a. Agroupofpersonslivingwithinspecificgeographic boundaries
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b. Agroupofpersonswho shareacommon identityand environment
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c. Agroupofpersonswho worktogetherto meet commongoals
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d. Agroupofpersons who resolveacommunityconcern
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ACCURATE CHOICE:-B b




HYPOTHESIS:>>>Community health nursing attendants work with both geopolitical groups b b b b b b b b




b(within specific geographic boundaries) and phenomenological groups (who have a common
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identitybased onculture, history,orgoals). Aparticularphenomenologicalgroupmayormay not
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have been a plannedgroup—that is, a group that came together to resolve a recognized common
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problem or to meet a common goal. However, ofall the choices, a group ofpersons who share a
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common identity (phenomenological group) and environment (which implies a specific
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geographic setting) is the broadest and most complete definition.
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DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Apply(Application) b b b




9. Whichvariable hasa major influenceonacommunity’s health?
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a. Behaviorchoices made bypersons inthecommunity b b b b b b b




b. Numberofprimary care providers and healthcenters inthecommunity b b b b b b b b b b




c. Qualityofthepublicsafetyofficers(policeofficers, firefighters, etc.)
b b b b b b b b b




d. Thenumber andcredentialsofpublichealthofficials inthecommunity
b b b b b b b b b b




ACCURATE CHOICE:-A b