StraighterLine Statistics Final Exam
Practice Questions And Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales
2025|2026 Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
1. A researcher wants to study the effect of study habits on exam scores.
Which variable is the dependent variable?
a) Study habits
b) Exam scores
c) Number of students
d) Class size
The dependent variable is what the researcher measures as an
outcome, in this case, exam scores.
2. Which of the following represents a qualitative variable?
a) Height in inches
b) Weight in pounds
c) Type of car
, d) Temperature
Qualitative variables describe categories or qualities rather than
numerical values.
3. What level of measurement is represented by a ranking of favorite
movies?
a) Nominal
b) Ordinal
c) Interval
d) Ratio
Ordinal data represents categories with a meaningful order but
unequal intervals.
4. The mean of the data set 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 is:
a) 6
b) 5
c) 6
d) 8
Mean is calculated by summing all values (2+4+6+8+10=30) and
dividing by the number of values (5), so 30/5 = 6.
5. Which measure of central tendency is most affected by outliers?
a) Median
b) Mode
c) Mean
, d) Range
The mean is sensitive to extremely high or low values in the data set.
6. The middle value in an ordered data set is called the:
a) Mean
b) Mode
c) Median
d) Range
The median is the value separating the higher half from the lower
half of the data set.
7. In a normal distribution, approximately what percent of data falls
within one standard deviation of the mean?
a) 50%
b) 68%
c) 68%
d) 95%
According to the empirical rule, ~68% of data in a normal distribution
is within ±1 standard deviation.
8. The probability of an event that is certain to occur is:
a) 0
b) 0.5
c) 1
d) -1
Probability ranges from 0 to 1; a certain event has probability 1.
, 9. Two events that cannot happen at the same time are:
a) Independent events
b) Complementary events
c) Mutually exclusive events
d) Dependent events
Mutually exclusive events cannot occur simultaneously.
10. A coin is flipped three times. What is the probability of getting
exactly two heads?
a) 1/8
b) 3/8
c) 1/2
d) 1/4
The outcomes with exactly two heads are HHT, HTH, THH. There are
8 total outcomes, so probability = 3/8.
11. Which graph is best for displaying the frequency of categories?
a) Histogram
b) Boxplot
c) Bar chart
d) Scatterplot
Bar charts are ideal for categorical data frequencies.
12. A histogram is appropriate for which type of data?
a) Qualitative
b) Quantitative
Practice Questions And Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales
2025|2026 Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
1. A researcher wants to study the effect of study habits on exam scores.
Which variable is the dependent variable?
a) Study habits
b) Exam scores
c) Number of students
d) Class size
The dependent variable is what the researcher measures as an
outcome, in this case, exam scores.
2. Which of the following represents a qualitative variable?
a) Height in inches
b) Weight in pounds
c) Type of car
, d) Temperature
Qualitative variables describe categories or qualities rather than
numerical values.
3. What level of measurement is represented by a ranking of favorite
movies?
a) Nominal
b) Ordinal
c) Interval
d) Ratio
Ordinal data represents categories with a meaningful order but
unequal intervals.
4. The mean of the data set 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 is:
a) 6
b) 5
c) 6
d) 8
Mean is calculated by summing all values (2+4+6+8+10=30) and
dividing by the number of values (5), so 30/5 = 6.
5. Which measure of central tendency is most affected by outliers?
a) Median
b) Mode
c) Mean
, d) Range
The mean is sensitive to extremely high or low values in the data set.
6. The middle value in an ordered data set is called the:
a) Mean
b) Mode
c) Median
d) Range
The median is the value separating the higher half from the lower
half of the data set.
7. In a normal distribution, approximately what percent of data falls
within one standard deviation of the mean?
a) 50%
b) 68%
c) 68%
d) 95%
According to the empirical rule, ~68% of data in a normal distribution
is within ±1 standard deviation.
8. The probability of an event that is certain to occur is:
a) 0
b) 0.5
c) 1
d) -1
Probability ranges from 0 to 1; a certain event has probability 1.
, 9. Two events that cannot happen at the same time are:
a) Independent events
b) Complementary events
c) Mutually exclusive events
d) Dependent events
Mutually exclusive events cannot occur simultaneously.
10. A coin is flipped three times. What is the probability of getting
exactly two heads?
a) 1/8
b) 3/8
c) 1/2
d) 1/4
The outcomes with exactly two heads are HHT, HTH, THH. There are
8 total outcomes, so probability = 3/8.
11. Which graph is best for displaying the frequency of categories?
a) Histogram
b) Boxplot
c) Bar chart
d) Scatterplot
Bar charts are ideal for categorical data frequencies.
12. A histogram is appropriate for which type of data?
a) Qualitative
b) Quantitative
