Questions and Correct Solutions
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Schizophrenia - ANSWER ✓ is one of the most common disorders treated by
antipsychotic medications. The prevalence of schizophrenia is difficult to
determine due to the complexity of the diagnosis and other factors.
Current estimates place the prevalence of schizophrenia and related psychotic
disorders in the U.S. between 0.25% and 0.64% with international estimates of the
prevalence of schizophrenia among non-institutionalized persons is 0.33% to
0.75%
Positive symptoms - ANSWER ✓ H allucinations
D elusions
T hought disorder
H ostility
E xcitability
Motor symptoms - ANSWER ✓ Motor delay
Dyscoordination
EPS, e.g.,ParkinsonismDyskinesia
Active symptoms - ANSWER ✓ Depression
Anxiety
Suicidality
Cognition - ANSWER ✓ Attention
Working memory
Verbal memory
Visual memory
Executive functioning
Processing speed
, Social conditioning
Negative symptoms - ANSWER ✓ Affective flattening
Alogia
Anhedonia
Amotivation
Asociality
Genetics - ANSWER ✓ Many genes play a role in the likelihood that an
individual will develop schizophrenia as do epigenetic factors. Heritability for
schizophrenia may be as high as 79% .
Evidence exists that links gene-environment interaction to the diagnosis of
schizophrenia
Environmental Triggers - ANSWER ✓ Regular Cannabis Use
Exposure to Early Life
Trauma Sexual
Abuse Emotional
Abuse Emotional
Neglect
Bullying
Neuroanatomy - ANSWER ✓ Several areas of the brain are associated with the
symptoms of schizophrenia.
When brain circuitry in the prefrontal cortex malfunctions, patients may
experience symptoms.
Mesocortical and ventromedial prefrontal cortex - ANSWER ✓ negative and
affective symptoms
Dorsolateral: - ANSWER ✓ cognitive symptoms
Orbitofrontal and connections to the amygdala: - ANSWER ✓ aggressive,
impulsive symptoms
Dopamine Role in Psychosis - ANSWER ✓ Many theories exist regarding the
causes of psychosis and schizophrenia. A leading hypothesis is that psychosis and