, Sullivanch01-Essentials of Biostatistics in Public Health, 3e
1 A subset of the population of interest is often referred to by
what statistical term?
A sample of individuals
A subculture of individuals
A class of individuals
A minority group
2 The measure of uncertainty in a biostatistician's calculation of
a particular outcome that may result from using a subset of
the population to estimate the actual likelihood of the event
occurring in the population as a whole is referred to by what
statistical term?
A chance error
A systematic error
A standard error
A margin of error
3 Which of the following most appropriately describes how the
data from a cross-sectional study can be applied to a
population?
The data generated from a cross-sectional study can be
applied to new or changing populations regardless of the
amount of time that has passed since the study was
conducted.
The data generated from a cross-sectional study is only
applicable to the original population of interest during the
time that the study was conducted.
The data generated from a cross-sectional study is
applicable to any group of individuals with similar
characteristics to the original population of interest.
The data generated from a cross-sectional study is
applicable to all individuals regardless of how much those
individuals differ from the original population of interest.
4 Researchers have conducted a study and determined that the
relative risk for developing a cold for individuals taking
vitamin C is 0.47 when compared to the number of
participants in the study who developed a cold while not
taking vitamin C. This is an indication of which of the
following?
This indicates that people who took vitamin C were 47%
more likely to catch a cold and that taking vitamin C makes
people more susceptible to catching a cold.
This indicates that the individuals taking vitamin C were
47% less likely to catch a cold and that taking vitamin C has
a protective effect, making them less likely to catch a cold.
, This indicates that the individuals taking vitamin C were
53% less likely to catch a cold and that taking vitamin C has
a protective effect, making them less likely to catch a cold.
Only relative risk ratios above one are statistically
significant, a relative risk ratio below one indicates there is no
difference between the individuals who take vitamin C and
those individuals who do not.
5 Which is the most important factor in determining which
populations a well-designed study's results can be applied to?
The inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study
The randomization of participants for a study
The type of study being conducted
The presence of blinding throughout the study
6 True or False? Biostatistics is defined as the application of
statistical principles in medicine, public health, or biology.
True
False
7 True or False? The data collected in a biostatistics study can
be applied to any population regardless of race, class, and
socioeconomic status.
True
False
8 True or False? A relative risk of 5.67 indicates that the group
of individuals in a study exposed to the particular variable of
interest are 5.67 times more likely to experience the observed
outcome being studied.
True
False
9 True or False? Oftentimes it is more difficult to establish a
relationship between a particular disease outcome and a risk
factor among older adults because they also have other risk
factors for disease.
True
False
10 True or False? Randomization of clinical trial participants is
important to ensure that clinical trial participants in the
treatment group and comparator group allow the study's
results to be generalized to the population as a whole, and
not just the subgroup of individuals that participated in the
, study because of the balance promoted through the
randomization process.
True
False
1 A subset of the population of interest is often referred to by
what statistical term?
A sample of individuals
A subculture of individuals
A class of individuals
A minority group
2 The measure of uncertainty in a biostatistician's calculation of
a particular outcome that may result from using a subset of
the population to estimate the actual likelihood of the event
occurring in the population as a whole is referred to by what
statistical term?
A chance error
A systematic error
A standard error
A margin of error
3 Which of the following most appropriately describes how the
data from a cross-sectional study can be applied to a
population?
The data generated from a cross-sectional study can be
applied to new or changing populations regardless of the
amount of time that has passed since the study was
conducted.
The data generated from a cross-sectional study is only
applicable to the original population of interest during the
time that the study was conducted.
The data generated from a cross-sectional study is
applicable to any group of individuals with similar
characteristics to the original population of interest.
The data generated from a cross-sectional study is
applicable to all individuals regardless of how much those
individuals differ from the original population of interest.
4 Researchers have conducted a study and determined that the
relative risk for developing a cold for individuals taking
vitamin C is 0.47 when compared to the number of
participants in the study who developed a cold while not
taking vitamin C. This is an indication of which of the
following?
This indicates that people who took vitamin C were 47%
more likely to catch a cold and that taking vitamin C makes
people more susceptible to catching a cold.
This indicates that the individuals taking vitamin C were
47% less likely to catch a cold and that taking vitamin C has
a protective effect, making them less likely to catch a cold.
, This indicates that the individuals taking vitamin C were
53% less likely to catch a cold and that taking vitamin C has
a protective effect, making them less likely to catch a cold.
Only relative risk ratios above one are statistically
significant, a relative risk ratio below one indicates there is no
difference between the individuals who take vitamin C and
those individuals who do not.
5 Which is the most important factor in determining which
populations a well-designed study's results can be applied to?
The inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study
The randomization of participants for a study
The type of study being conducted
The presence of blinding throughout the study
6 True or False? Biostatistics is defined as the application of
statistical principles in medicine, public health, or biology.
True
False
7 True or False? The data collected in a biostatistics study can
be applied to any population regardless of race, class, and
socioeconomic status.
True
False
8 True or False? A relative risk of 5.67 indicates that the group
of individuals in a study exposed to the particular variable of
interest are 5.67 times more likely to experience the observed
outcome being studied.
True
False
9 True or False? Oftentimes it is more difficult to establish a
relationship between a particular disease outcome and a risk
factor among older adults because they also have other risk
factors for disease.
True
False
10 True or False? Randomization of clinical trial participants is
important to ensure that clinical trial participants in the
treatment group and comparator group allow the study's
results to be generalized to the population as a whole, and
not just the subgroup of individuals that participated in the
, study because of the balance promoted through the
randomization process.
True
False
