1|Page
CMN 552 UNIT 3 EXAM ACCURATE AND
FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS|| LATEST AND COMPLETE
UPDATE WITH EXPERT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS||
SURE PASS
1. What are the common symptoms represented in OCD? (Sadock, p. 418) -
ANSWER: intrusive thoughts, rituals, preoccupations, and compulsions
2. Differentiate between an obsession and a compulsion. (Sadock, p. 418) -
ANSWER: Obsession: A recurrent and intrusive thought, feeling, idea, or
sensation.
Compulsion: A conscious, standardized, recurrent behavior, such as counting,
checking, or avoiding
3. What is the prevalence of OCD? - ANSWER: Lifetime prevalence in the
general population estimated at 2 to 3 percent.
Fourth most common psychiatric diagnosis.
Among adults, men and women are equally likely to be affected.
Among adolescents, boys are more commonly affected than girls.
Mean age of onset is about 20 years.
The onset of the disorder can occur in adolescence or childhood, in some cases as
early as 2 years of age.
Single persons are more frequently affected with OCD than are married persons,
although this finding probably reflects the difficulty that persons with the disorder
have maintaining a relationship.
Occurs less often among blacks than among whites,
although access to health care rather than differences in prevalence may explain the
variation.
,2|Page
4. What are the common comorbid psychiatric conditions in patients with OCD?
Sadock p. 418 - ANSWER: The lifetime prevalence for major depressive disorder
with OCD is 67 percent and social phobia 25 percent.
Also, alcohol use disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, specific phobia, panic
disorder, eating disorders, and personality disorders. Tourette's disorder 5-7
percent.
Tics 20-30 percent.
5. What are the risk factors for the development of OCD? Sadock p. 419 -
ANSWER: There is a significant genetic component.
6. What etiological factors have been attributed to the development of OCD?
Sadock p. 419-420 - ANSWER: There is a positive link between streptococcal
infections and OCD.
Altered function in neurocircuitry between orbitofrontal cortex, caudate, and
thalamus. Increased activity in the frontal lobes, basal ganglia and cingulum.
Bilaterally smaller caudates.
7. Review the psychosocial factors for the development of OCD. (Sadock, p. 420) -
ANSWER: OCD differs from obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, which is
associated with an obsessive concern for details, perfectionism, and other similar
personality traits.
Most persons with OCD do not have premorbid compulsive symptoms, and such
personality traits are neither necessary nor sufficient for the development of OCD.
Only about 15 to 35 percent of patients with OCD have had premorbid obsessional
traits.
,3|Page
Many patients with OCD may refuse to cooperate with effective treatments such as
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRis) and behavior therapy.
Patients may become invested in maintaining the symptomatology because of
secondary gains. For example, a male patient, whose mother stays home to take
care of him, may unconsciously wish to hang on to his OCD symptoms because
they keep the attention of his mother.
Research suggests that OCD may be precipitated by a number of environmental
stressors, especially those involving pregnancy, childbirth, or parental care of
children. An understanding of the stressors may assist the clinician in an overall
treatment plan that reduces the stressful events themselves or their meaning to the
patient.
8. In OCD patients, what is "magical thinking"? (Sadock, p. 421) - ANSWER:
Persons believe that merely by thinking about an event in the external world they
can cause the event to occur without intermediate physical actions.
9. In what ways can the psychiatric nurse practitioner characterize (specify) insight
in the OCD patient? (Sadock, p. 421) - ANSWER: Patients with good or fair
insight recognize that their OCD beliefs are definitely or probably not true or may
or may not be true.
Patients with poor insight believe their OCD beliefs are probably true.
Patients with absent insight are convinced that their beliefs are true.
10. What are the diagnostic/clinical features of OCD? Sadock p.421 - ANSWER:
Patients with OCD often take their complaints to physicians other than psychiatrist.
Most patients with OCD have both obsessions & compulsions - up to 75%.
Obsessions and compulsions are the essential feature of OCD.
, 4|Page
Sometimes, patients overvalue obsessions and compulsions, for example they may
insist that compulsive cleanliness is morally correct, even though they have lost
their jobs because of time spent cleaning.
11. What are the 4 major symptom patterns in OCD? Sadock p421-422 -
ANSWER: -Contamination
-Pathological Doubt
-Intrusive Thoughts
-Symmetry
-Other: religious obsessions and compulsions, hair pulling, nail biting,
masturbation
12. What is the DSM 5 diagnostic criteria for diagnosing a patient with OCD?
Sadock 422 - ANSWER: A: The presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both.
Obsessions are defined by (1) and (2) as follows:
1. Recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are experienced, at some
time during the disturbance, as intrusive and unwanted, and cause marked anxiety
and distress
2. The person attempts to suppress or ignore such thoughts, impulses, or images or
to neutralize them with some other thought or action (i.e. performing a compulsion
Compulsions are defined by (1) and (2):
1. Repetitive behaviors (eg, hand washing, ordering, checking) or mental acts (eg,
praying, counting, repeating words silently) in response to an obsession or
according to rules that must be applied rigidly
2. The behaviors or mental acts are aimed at preventing or reducing distress or
preventing some dreaded event or situation; however, these behaviors or mental
acts either are not connected in a way that could realistically neutralize or prevent
whatever they are meant to address, or they are clearly excessive
CMN 552 UNIT 3 EXAM ACCURATE AND
FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS|| LATEST AND COMPLETE
UPDATE WITH EXPERT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS||
SURE PASS
1. What are the common symptoms represented in OCD? (Sadock, p. 418) -
ANSWER: intrusive thoughts, rituals, preoccupations, and compulsions
2. Differentiate between an obsession and a compulsion. (Sadock, p. 418) -
ANSWER: Obsession: A recurrent and intrusive thought, feeling, idea, or
sensation.
Compulsion: A conscious, standardized, recurrent behavior, such as counting,
checking, or avoiding
3. What is the prevalence of OCD? - ANSWER: Lifetime prevalence in the
general population estimated at 2 to 3 percent.
Fourth most common psychiatric diagnosis.
Among adults, men and women are equally likely to be affected.
Among adolescents, boys are more commonly affected than girls.
Mean age of onset is about 20 years.
The onset of the disorder can occur in adolescence or childhood, in some cases as
early as 2 years of age.
Single persons are more frequently affected with OCD than are married persons,
although this finding probably reflects the difficulty that persons with the disorder
have maintaining a relationship.
Occurs less often among blacks than among whites,
although access to health care rather than differences in prevalence may explain the
variation.
,2|Page
4. What are the common comorbid psychiatric conditions in patients with OCD?
Sadock p. 418 - ANSWER: The lifetime prevalence for major depressive disorder
with OCD is 67 percent and social phobia 25 percent.
Also, alcohol use disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, specific phobia, panic
disorder, eating disorders, and personality disorders. Tourette's disorder 5-7
percent.
Tics 20-30 percent.
5. What are the risk factors for the development of OCD? Sadock p. 419 -
ANSWER: There is a significant genetic component.
6. What etiological factors have been attributed to the development of OCD?
Sadock p. 419-420 - ANSWER: There is a positive link between streptococcal
infections and OCD.
Altered function in neurocircuitry between orbitofrontal cortex, caudate, and
thalamus. Increased activity in the frontal lobes, basal ganglia and cingulum.
Bilaterally smaller caudates.
7. Review the psychosocial factors for the development of OCD. (Sadock, p. 420) -
ANSWER: OCD differs from obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, which is
associated with an obsessive concern for details, perfectionism, and other similar
personality traits.
Most persons with OCD do not have premorbid compulsive symptoms, and such
personality traits are neither necessary nor sufficient for the development of OCD.
Only about 15 to 35 percent of patients with OCD have had premorbid obsessional
traits.
,3|Page
Many patients with OCD may refuse to cooperate with effective treatments such as
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRis) and behavior therapy.
Patients may become invested in maintaining the symptomatology because of
secondary gains. For example, a male patient, whose mother stays home to take
care of him, may unconsciously wish to hang on to his OCD symptoms because
they keep the attention of his mother.
Research suggests that OCD may be precipitated by a number of environmental
stressors, especially those involving pregnancy, childbirth, or parental care of
children. An understanding of the stressors may assist the clinician in an overall
treatment plan that reduces the stressful events themselves or their meaning to the
patient.
8. In OCD patients, what is "magical thinking"? (Sadock, p. 421) - ANSWER:
Persons believe that merely by thinking about an event in the external world they
can cause the event to occur without intermediate physical actions.
9. In what ways can the psychiatric nurse practitioner characterize (specify) insight
in the OCD patient? (Sadock, p. 421) - ANSWER: Patients with good or fair
insight recognize that their OCD beliefs are definitely or probably not true or may
or may not be true.
Patients with poor insight believe their OCD beliefs are probably true.
Patients with absent insight are convinced that their beliefs are true.
10. What are the diagnostic/clinical features of OCD? Sadock p.421 - ANSWER:
Patients with OCD often take their complaints to physicians other than psychiatrist.
Most patients with OCD have both obsessions & compulsions - up to 75%.
Obsessions and compulsions are the essential feature of OCD.
, 4|Page
Sometimes, patients overvalue obsessions and compulsions, for example they may
insist that compulsive cleanliness is morally correct, even though they have lost
their jobs because of time spent cleaning.
11. What are the 4 major symptom patterns in OCD? Sadock p421-422 -
ANSWER: -Contamination
-Pathological Doubt
-Intrusive Thoughts
-Symmetry
-Other: religious obsessions and compulsions, hair pulling, nail biting,
masturbation
12. What is the DSM 5 diagnostic criteria for diagnosing a patient with OCD?
Sadock 422 - ANSWER: A: The presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both.
Obsessions are defined by (1) and (2) as follows:
1. Recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are experienced, at some
time during the disturbance, as intrusive and unwanted, and cause marked anxiety
and distress
2. The person attempts to suppress or ignore such thoughts, impulses, or images or
to neutralize them with some other thought or action (i.e. performing a compulsion
Compulsions are defined by (1) and (2):
1. Repetitive behaviors (eg, hand washing, ordering, checking) or mental acts (eg,
praying, counting, repeating words silently) in response to an obsession or
according to rules that must be applied rigidly
2. The behaviors or mental acts are aimed at preventing or reducing distress or
preventing some dreaded event or situation; however, these behaviors or mental
acts either are not connected in a way that could realistically neutralize or prevent
whatever they are meant to address, or they are clearly excessive
