TEST BANK
FUNDAMENTALS OF
ANATOMY S PHYSIOLOGY
11thEdition
ByFredericH MartiniJ, udiL. Nath
TEST BANK
, Test Bank for Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 8th Edition, Martini
Table of Contents
Chapter 1. An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 2. The Chemical Level of Organization
Chapter 3. The Cellular Level of Organization
Chapter 4. The Tissue Level of Organization
Chapter 5. The Integumentary System
Chapter 6. Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure
Chapter 7. The Axial Skeleton
Chapter 8. The Appendicular Skeleton
Chapter 9. Articulations
Chapter 10. Muscle Tissue
Chapter 11. The Muscular System
Chapter 12. Neural Tissue
Chapter 13.The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes
Chapter 14. The Brain and Cranial Nerves
Chapter 15. Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System
Chapter 16. Neural Integration II: The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Fu
Chapter 17. The Special Senses
Chapter 18. The Endocrine System
Chapter 19. Blood
Chapter 20. The Heart
Chapter 21. Blood Vessels and Circulation
Chapter 22. The Lymphoid System and Immunity
Chapter 23. The Respiratory System
Chapter 24. The Digestive System
Chapter 25. Metabolism and Energetics
Chapter 26. The Urinary System
Chapter 27. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
Chapter 28. The Reproductive System
Chapter 29. Development and Inheritance
, Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Test Bank for Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 11th Edition Latest edition 2024/25
Multiple Choice Questions
Q1.
Which best defines physiology compared to anatomy?
A. Anatomy is the study of body function; physiology is the study of body structure.
B. Anatomy describes structure; physiology explains how those structures perform functions.
C. Anatomy focuses on gross functions; physiology focuses only on microscopic detail.
D. Anatomy emphasizes disease; physiology emphasizes wellness.
Answer: B
Rationale: Anatomy = structure, physiology = function. Option A reverses them, C incorrectly links gross to function, a
D introduces unrelated terms.
Q2.
Which is the most complex level of organization in the human body?
A. Tissue level
B. Cellular level
C. Organ level
D. Organism level
Answer: D
Rationale: The hierarchy proceeds: chemical → cellular → tissue → organ → organ system → organism. The organism
level is the highest complexity.
Q3.
The study of changes in form that occur between conception and adulthood is termed:
A. Histology
B. Embryology
C. Developmental anatomy
D. Pathological anatomy
Answer: C
Page 1
Test Bank Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 8e, Martini
, Rationale: Developmental anatomy covers structural changes throughout life. Embryology is a subset limited to prenata
development. Histology = tissues, pathology = disease.
Q4.
Which system provides immediate response to stimuli and coordinates activities of other organ systems?
A. Endocrine system
B. Nervous system
C. Muscular system
D. Integumentary system
Answer: B
Rationale: The nervous system provides rapid, short-term control. The endocrine system regulates long-term. Muscular
and integumentary are effectors/barriers, not coordinators.
Q5.
Which best describes the principle of homeostasis?
A. The body always maintains static internal conditions.
B. The body’s systems maintain a relatively stable internal environment through dynamic equilibrium.
C. The body’s responses always prevent change from occurring.
D. Homeostasis is equivalent to health.
Answer: B
Rationale: Homeostasis = dynamic equilibrium where internal conditions are maintained within limits. It is not static (A
does not prevent change (C), and is not synonymous with health (D).
Q6.
A positive feedback mechanism is most likely to:
A. Maintain conditions within a normal range
B. Reverse a deviation from homeostasis
C. Accelerate a process until a specific event occurs
D. Prevent harmful change by opposing stimuli
Answer: C
Rationale: Positive feedback amplifies a process (e.g., labor contractions, blood clotting) until an endpoint is reached. A
and B = negative feedback. D = stabilizing, not amplifying.
Page 2
Test Bank Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 8e, Martini
FUNDAMENTALS OF
ANATOMY S PHYSIOLOGY
11thEdition
ByFredericH MartiniJ, udiL. Nath
TEST BANK
, Test Bank for Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 8th Edition, Martini
Table of Contents
Chapter 1. An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 2. The Chemical Level of Organization
Chapter 3. The Cellular Level of Organization
Chapter 4. The Tissue Level of Organization
Chapter 5. The Integumentary System
Chapter 6. Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure
Chapter 7. The Axial Skeleton
Chapter 8. The Appendicular Skeleton
Chapter 9. Articulations
Chapter 10. Muscle Tissue
Chapter 11. The Muscular System
Chapter 12. Neural Tissue
Chapter 13.The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes
Chapter 14. The Brain and Cranial Nerves
Chapter 15. Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System
Chapter 16. Neural Integration II: The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Fu
Chapter 17. The Special Senses
Chapter 18. The Endocrine System
Chapter 19. Blood
Chapter 20. The Heart
Chapter 21. Blood Vessels and Circulation
Chapter 22. The Lymphoid System and Immunity
Chapter 23. The Respiratory System
Chapter 24. The Digestive System
Chapter 25. Metabolism and Energetics
Chapter 26. The Urinary System
Chapter 27. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
Chapter 28. The Reproductive System
Chapter 29. Development and Inheritance
, Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Test Bank for Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 11th Edition Latest edition 2024/25
Multiple Choice Questions
Q1.
Which best defines physiology compared to anatomy?
A. Anatomy is the study of body function; physiology is the study of body structure.
B. Anatomy describes structure; physiology explains how those structures perform functions.
C. Anatomy focuses on gross functions; physiology focuses only on microscopic detail.
D. Anatomy emphasizes disease; physiology emphasizes wellness.
Answer: B
Rationale: Anatomy = structure, physiology = function. Option A reverses them, C incorrectly links gross to function, a
D introduces unrelated terms.
Q2.
Which is the most complex level of organization in the human body?
A. Tissue level
B. Cellular level
C. Organ level
D. Organism level
Answer: D
Rationale: The hierarchy proceeds: chemical → cellular → tissue → organ → organ system → organism. The organism
level is the highest complexity.
Q3.
The study of changes in form that occur between conception and adulthood is termed:
A. Histology
B. Embryology
C. Developmental anatomy
D. Pathological anatomy
Answer: C
Page 1
Test Bank Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 8e, Martini
, Rationale: Developmental anatomy covers structural changes throughout life. Embryology is a subset limited to prenata
development. Histology = tissues, pathology = disease.
Q4.
Which system provides immediate response to stimuli and coordinates activities of other organ systems?
A. Endocrine system
B. Nervous system
C. Muscular system
D. Integumentary system
Answer: B
Rationale: The nervous system provides rapid, short-term control. The endocrine system regulates long-term. Muscular
and integumentary are effectors/barriers, not coordinators.
Q5.
Which best describes the principle of homeostasis?
A. The body always maintains static internal conditions.
B. The body’s systems maintain a relatively stable internal environment through dynamic equilibrium.
C. The body’s responses always prevent change from occurring.
D. Homeostasis is equivalent to health.
Answer: B
Rationale: Homeostasis = dynamic equilibrium where internal conditions are maintained within limits. It is not static (A
does not prevent change (C), and is not synonymous with health (D).
Q6.
A positive feedback mechanism is most likely to:
A. Maintain conditions within a normal range
B. Reverse a deviation from homeostasis
C. Accelerate a process until a specific event occurs
D. Prevent harmful change by opposing stimuli
Answer: C
Rationale: Positive feedback amplifies a process (e.g., labor contractions, blood clotting) until an endpoint is reached. A
and B = negative feedback. D = stabilizing, not amplifying.
Page 2
Test Bank Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 8e, Martini
