NUR 130 FINAL REVIEW 2025-2026 UPDATE|||QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |LATEST VERSION!!!!
What skin changes are commonly seen in older adults due to the
aging process?
a. Increased sebaceous gland activity
b. Thicker and more elastic skin
c. Increased blood flow
d. Thinning, decreased moisture, and decreased elasticity
d. Thinning, decreased moisture, and decreased elasticity
Rationale: Aging leads to skin changes in older adults, including
thinning, decreased moisture, and decreased elasticity. These changes
can make the skin more fragile and susceptible to injury.
How can poor perfusion lead to tissue damage?
a. It can result in increased temperature regulation.
b. It can cause excessive sweating.
c. It can lead to tissue necrosis and ulcers.
d. It promotes rapid wound healing.
c. It can lead to tissue necrosis and ulcers.
Rationale: Poor perfusion can lead to tissue damage by causing tissue
necrosis and ulcers. When tissues do not receive an adequate blood
supply, they can become ischemic and eventually die.
Which type of injury is caused by prolonged pressure on tissue,
resulting in perfusion disruption?
a. Surgical incision
b. Thermal injury
c. Pressure ulcer
d. Immunologic reaction
c. Pressure ulcer
Rationale: A pressure ulcer is caused by prolonged pressure on tissue,
which disrupts perfusion to the affected area. This can lead to tissue
damage and the development of an ulcer.
pg. 1
,Skin can react to foreign substances with redness, rash, or hives. What
is this type of reaction called?
a. Hypersensitivity reaction
b. Allergic reaction
c. Inflammatory response
d. Autoimmune reaction
a. Hypersensitivity reaction
Rationale: A hypersensitivity reaction, also known as an allergic
reaction, can cause the skin to react to foreign substances with
symptoms such as redness, rash, or hives. This response occurs when
the immune system overreacts to an allergen or irritant.
What can bacterial, fungal, viral, and arthropod infestations
potentially cause?
a. Increased pain perception
b. Rapid wound healing
c. Tissue disruption and secondary infections
d. Improved sensory perception
c. Tissue disruption and secondary infections
Rationale: Bacterial, fungal, viral, and arthropod infestations can lead
to tissue disruption and increase the risk of secondary infections.
These infestations can cause irritation, damage, and the spread of
pathogens, which can further compromise tissue integrity.
Sunburn, scald burns, and radiation burns can damage the skin and
underlying tissues. What is the common factor in these types of
injuries? a. Bacterial infection
b. Prolonged exposure to water
c. Thermal or radiation energy
d. Allergic reaction
c. Thermal or radiation energy
Rationale: Sunburn, scald burns, and radiation burns all involve
damage to the skin and underlying tissues, and the common factor in
these injuries is exposure to thermal (heat-related) or radiation energy.
This exposure can result in various degrees of tissue damage.
pg. 2
,What are the three phases of wound healing?
a. Infection, inflammation, and granulation
b. Inflammation, pain, and necrosis
c. Inflammation, granulation, and maturation
d. Maturation, coagulation, and healing
c. Inflammation, granulation, and maturation
Rationale: The three phases of wound healing are inflammation,
granulation, and maturation. These phases involve a coordinated
series of events that lead to tissue repair and regeneration.
Which of the following is NOT a common type of skin cancer?
a. Melanoma
b. Basal cell carcinoma
c. Squamous cell carcinoma
d. Osteosarcoma
d. Osteosarcoma
Rationale: Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer and is not a
common type of skin cancer. Common skin cancers include
melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.
Impaired tissue integrity can affect which of the following aspects of
a person's health?
a. Fluid balance and infection protection
b. Thermoregulation and elimination
c. Pain perception and mobility
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Rationale: Impaired tissue integrity can affect multiple aspects of a
person's health, including fluid balance and infection protection,
thermoregulation and elimination, pain perception and mobility, as
well as body image. It has a broad impact on overall well-being.
What are some age-related risk factors for impaired tissue integrity?
a. Diaper rash in infants, injuries in children, and skin changes in
older adults
pg. 3
, b. Allergies in adolescents and sunburn in older adults
c. Chronic diseases in infants and excessive sun exposure in
adolescents
d. Burns in children and pressure injuries in older adults
a. Diaper rash in infants, injuries in children, and skin changes in
older adults
Rationale: Age-related risk factors for impaired tissue integrity
include diaper rash in infants, injuries in children (such as cuts and
scrapes), and skin changes in older adults (including thinning and
increased susceptibility to skin problems).
Which diagnostic test can identify allergens causing contact
dermatitis?
a. Skin biopsy
b. Patch testing
c. Wound culture
d. Woods lamp examination
b. Patch testing
Rationale: Patch testing is a diagnostic test used to identify allergens
that may be causing contact dermatitis. It involves applying small
patches with potential allergens to the skin and monitoring for a
reaction.
Which term refers to the state of structurally intact and
physiologically functioning epithelial tissues, such as the skin and
mucous membranes? a. Homeostasis
b. Tissue cohesion
c. Tissue integrity
d. Cellular regulation
c. Tissue integrity
Rationale: Tissue integrity refers to the state of structurally intact and
physiologically functioning epithelial tissues, such as the skin and
mucous membranes. This term encompasses the overall health and
condition of these tissues.
pg. 4
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |LATEST VERSION!!!!
What skin changes are commonly seen in older adults due to the
aging process?
a. Increased sebaceous gland activity
b. Thicker and more elastic skin
c. Increased blood flow
d. Thinning, decreased moisture, and decreased elasticity
d. Thinning, decreased moisture, and decreased elasticity
Rationale: Aging leads to skin changes in older adults, including
thinning, decreased moisture, and decreased elasticity. These changes
can make the skin more fragile and susceptible to injury.
How can poor perfusion lead to tissue damage?
a. It can result in increased temperature regulation.
b. It can cause excessive sweating.
c. It can lead to tissue necrosis and ulcers.
d. It promotes rapid wound healing.
c. It can lead to tissue necrosis and ulcers.
Rationale: Poor perfusion can lead to tissue damage by causing tissue
necrosis and ulcers. When tissues do not receive an adequate blood
supply, they can become ischemic and eventually die.
Which type of injury is caused by prolonged pressure on tissue,
resulting in perfusion disruption?
a. Surgical incision
b. Thermal injury
c. Pressure ulcer
d. Immunologic reaction
c. Pressure ulcer
Rationale: A pressure ulcer is caused by prolonged pressure on tissue,
which disrupts perfusion to the affected area. This can lead to tissue
damage and the development of an ulcer.
pg. 1
,Skin can react to foreign substances with redness, rash, or hives. What
is this type of reaction called?
a. Hypersensitivity reaction
b. Allergic reaction
c. Inflammatory response
d. Autoimmune reaction
a. Hypersensitivity reaction
Rationale: A hypersensitivity reaction, also known as an allergic
reaction, can cause the skin to react to foreign substances with
symptoms such as redness, rash, or hives. This response occurs when
the immune system overreacts to an allergen or irritant.
What can bacterial, fungal, viral, and arthropod infestations
potentially cause?
a. Increased pain perception
b. Rapid wound healing
c. Tissue disruption and secondary infections
d. Improved sensory perception
c. Tissue disruption and secondary infections
Rationale: Bacterial, fungal, viral, and arthropod infestations can lead
to tissue disruption and increase the risk of secondary infections.
These infestations can cause irritation, damage, and the spread of
pathogens, which can further compromise tissue integrity.
Sunburn, scald burns, and radiation burns can damage the skin and
underlying tissues. What is the common factor in these types of
injuries? a. Bacterial infection
b. Prolonged exposure to water
c. Thermal or radiation energy
d. Allergic reaction
c. Thermal or radiation energy
Rationale: Sunburn, scald burns, and radiation burns all involve
damage to the skin and underlying tissues, and the common factor in
these injuries is exposure to thermal (heat-related) or radiation energy.
This exposure can result in various degrees of tissue damage.
pg. 2
,What are the three phases of wound healing?
a. Infection, inflammation, and granulation
b. Inflammation, pain, and necrosis
c. Inflammation, granulation, and maturation
d. Maturation, coagulation, and healing
c. Inflammation, granulation, and maturation
Rationale: The three phases of wound healing are inflammation,
granulation, and maturation. These phases involve a coordinated
series of events that lead to tissue repair and regeneration.
Which of the following is NOT a common type of skin cancer?
a. Melanoma
b. Basal cell carcinoma
c. Squamous cell carcinoma
d. Osteosarcoma
d. Osteosarcoma
Rationale: Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer and is not a
common type of skin cancer. Common skin cancers include
melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.
Impaired tissue integrity can affect which of the following aspects of
a person's health?
a. Fluid balance and infection protection
b. Thermoregulation and elimination
c. Pain perception and mobility
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Rationale: Impaired tissue integrity can affect multiple aspects of a
person's health, including fluid balance and infection protection,
thermoregulation and elimination, pain perception and mobility, as
well as body image. It has a broad impact on overall well-being.
What are some age-related risk factors for impaired tissue integrity?
a. Diaper rash in infants, injuries in children, and skin changes in
older adults
pg. 3
, b. Allergies in adolescents and sunburn in older adults
c. Chronic diseases in infants and excessive sun exposure in
adolescents
d. Burns in children and pressure injuries in older adults
a. Diaper rash in infants, injuries in children, and skin changes in
older adults
Rationale: Age-related risk factors for impaired tissue integrity
include diaper rash in infants, injuries in children (such as cuts and
scrapes), and skin changes in older adults (including thinning and
increased susceptibility to skin problems).
Which diagnostic test can identify allergens causing contact
dermatitis?
a. Skin biopsy
b. Patch testing
c. Wound culture
d. Woods lamp examination
b. Patch testing
Rationale: Patch testing is a diagnostic test used to identify allergens
that may be causing contact dermatitis. It involves applying small
patches with potential allergens to the skin and monitoring for a
reaction.
Which term refers to the state of structurally intact and
physiologically functioning epithelial tissues, such as the skin and
mucous membranes? a. Homeostasis
b. Tissue cohesion
c. Tissue integrity
d. Cellular regulation
c. Tissue integrity
Rationale: Tissue integrity refers to the state of structurally intact and
physiologically functioning epithelial tissues, such as the skin and
mucous membranes. This term encompasses the overall health and
condition of these tissues.
pg. 4
