2 2025
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Due date: 16 September 2025
Language, Identity, and Nation-Building: A Comparative Analysis of Silva (1997) and
Schneider (2007) on South Africa’s Linguistic Diversity
Introduction
Language is central to South Africa’s identity and future. Under apartheid, language policies
enforced segregation and inequality, leaving deep scars. After 1994, the new democratic
government recognised eleven official languages to reflect the country’s diversity and heal
past divisions. Yet, English continues to hold a powerful position as a lingua franca. Both P.
Silva (1997) and E.W. Schneider (2007) discuss these tensions but approach them
differently. Silva examines how South African English mirrors the country’s multilingual
society through vocabulary and borrowing, linking linguistic diversity to social realities.
Schneider, using his Dynamic Model of Postcolonial Englishes, places South African English
within a broader global and historical framework, exploring how English adapts and
indigenises after colonialism. This essay compares their arguments on linguistic diversity,
the role of English, and national unity, highlighting where their ideas converge and diverge.
Understanding their perspectives helps to evaluate how language policy can shape a just
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Language, Identity, and Nation-Building: A Comparative Analysis of Silva
(1997) and Schneider (2007) on South Africa’s Linguistic Diversity
Introduction
Language is central to South Africa’s identity and future. Under apartheid, language
policies enforced segregation and inequality, leaving deep scars. After 1994, the new
democratic government recognised eleven official languages to reflect the country’s
diversity and heal past divisions. Yet, English continues to hold a powerful position
as a lingua franca. Both P. Silva (1997) and E.W. Schneider (2007) discuss these
tensions but approach them differently. Silva examines how South African English
mirrors the country’s multilingual society through vocabulary and borrowing, linking
linguistic diversity to social realities. Schneider, using his Dynamic Model of
Postcolonial Englishes, places South African English within a broader global and
historical framework, exploring how English adapts and indigenises after colonialism.
This essay compares their arguments on linguistic diversity, the role of English, and
national unity, highlighting where their ideas converge and diverge. Understanding
their perspectives helps to evaluate how language policy can shape a just and
inclusive South Africa.
Linguistic Diversity and Its Importance
Both authors agree that South Africa’s linguistic diversity is central to its national
identity. Silva emphasises that South African English has absorbed words and
expressions from Afrikaans, indigenous African languages, and even Indian
languages, creating a vocabulary that reflects the country’s complex social fabric
(Silva, 1997: 161-163). She argues that these borrowings are not superficial but
reveal deep cultural contact, economic history, and power dynamics. For example,
terms like “bakkie” (small truck) and “indaba” (meeting) show how Afrikaans and Zulu
lexis entered English because of shared daily life and political struggle. Silva
suggests that these linguistic blends make South African English a “mirror” of the
nation’s diversity (Silva, 1997: 165).