,Chapter 01: Introduction To Preliminary Diagnosis Of Oral Lesions
Ibsen: Oral Pathology For The Dental Hygienist, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which Descriptive Term Is Described As A Segment That Is Part Of The Whole?
a. Bulla
b. Vesicle
c. Lobule
d. Pustule
ANS: C
A Lobule Is Described As A Segment Or Lobe That Is Part Of A Whole. A Bulla Is A Large,
Elevated Lesion That Contains Serous Fluid And May Look Like A Blister. A Vesicle Is A
Small, Elevated Lesion That Contains Serous Fluid. Pustules Are Circumscribed Elevations
Containing Pus.
REF: Vocabulary, Clinical Of Soft Tissue Lesions, Page 1 OBJ: 1
2. A Lesion With A Sessile Base Is Described As
a. An Ulcer.
b. Stemlike.
c. Pedunculated.
d. Flat And Broad.
ANS: D
Sessile Describes The Base Of A Lesion That Is Flat And Broad. An Ulcer Is A Break In The
Surface Epithelium. A Stemlike Lesion Is Referred To As Pedunculated. A Pedunculated
Lesion Is Stemlike Or Stalk-Based (Similar To A Mushroom).
REF: Vocabulary, Clinical Appearance Of Soft Tissue Lesions, Page 1
OBJ: 1
3. Which Condition Is Not Diagnosed Through Clinical Appearance?
a. Mandibular Tori
b. Fordyce Granules
c. Black Hairy Tongue
d. Compound Odontoma
ANS: D
The Compound Odontoma Is Initially Identified Radiographically As A Radiopaque Area In
Which Tooth Structure Can Be Identified. No Clinical Component Exists. Mandibular Tori
Are Identified Clinically As Areas Of Exostosis On The Lingual Aspects Of Mandibular
Premolars. Fordyce Granules Are Yellow Clusters Of Ectopic Sebaceous Glands Diagnosed
Through Clinical Appearance. Black Hairy Tongue Is Diagnosed Clinically. The Filiform
Papillae On The Dorsal Tongue Elongate And Become Brown Or Black. Causes Include
Tobacco, Alcohol, Hydrogen Peroxide, Chemical Rinses, Antibiotics, And Antacids.
REF: Radiographic Diagnosis, Page 9 OBJ: 3
4. Another Name For Geographic Tongue Is
, a. Median Rhomboid Glossitis.
b. Benign Migratory Glossitis.
c. Fissured Tongue.
d. Black Hairy Tongue.
ANS: B
Benign Migratory Glossitis Is Another Name For Geographic Tongue. Research Suggests
That Median Rhomboid Glossitis Is Associated With A Chronic Fungal Infection From
Candida Albicans. Sometimes The Condition Resolves With Antifungal Therapy. Fissured
Tongue Is Seen In 5% Of The Population. It Is A Variant Of Normal. Genetic Factors Are
Typically Associated With The Condition. Black Hairy Tongue Is Caused By A Reaction To
Chemicals, Tobacco, Hydrogen Peroxide, Or Antacids. The Filiform Papillae On The Dorsal
Tongue Become Elongated And Are Dark Brown To Black.
REF: Geographic Tongue, Page 24 OBJ: 7
5. This Bony Hard Structure In The Midline Of The Hard Palate Is Genetic In Origin And
Inherited In An Autosomal Dominant Manner. The Diagnosis Is Made Through Clinical
Appearance. Which Condition Is Suspected?
a. Palatal Cyst
b. Torus Palatinus
c. Mixed Tumor
d. Ranula
ANS: B
A Torus Palatinus Is Developmental And Bony Hard And Is Found On The Midline Of The
Palate. Diagnosis Is Made On The Basis Of Clinical Appearance. A Palatal Cyst Appears
Radiolucent On A Radiographic Examination And Is Not Diagnosed Through Clinical
Appearance. A Mixed Tumor Or Pleomorphic Adenoma Is A Benign Tumor Of Salivary
Gland Origin, Found Unilaterally Off The Midline Of The Hard Palate. It Is Composed Of
Tumor Tissue That Is Not Bony Hard To Palpation.
Ranula Is A Term Used For A Mucocele-Like Lesion That Forms Unilaterally On The Floor
Of The Mouth.
REF: Torus Palatinus, Page 21 OBJ: 4
6. The Gray-White Opalescent Film Seen On The Buccal Mucosa Of 85% Of Black Adults Is A
Variant Of Normal That Requires No Treatment And Is Termed
a. Linea Alba.
b. Leukoedema.
c. Leukoplakia.
d. White Sponge Nevus.
ANS: B
Leukoedema Is A Diffuse Opalescence Most Commonly Seen On The Buccal Mucosa In Black
Individuals. Linea Alba Is A “White Line” That Extends Anteroposteriorly On The Buccal
Mucosa Along The Occlusal Plane. It Is Most Prominent In Patients Who Have A Clenching
Or Grinding Habit. Leukoplakia Is A Clinical Term For A White Lesion, The Cause Of Which
Is Unknown. White Sponge Nevus Is A Genetic (Autosomal Dominant) Trait. Clinically, It Is
Characterized By A Soft White, Folded (Or Corrugated) Oral Mucosa. A Thick Layer Of
Keratin Produces The Whitening.
REF: Leukoedema, Page 23 OBJ: 8
, 7. Which Condition Most Likely Responds To Therapeutic Diagnosis?
a. Angular Cheilitis
b. Amelogenesis Imperfecta
c. Paget Disease
d. Stafne Bone Cyst
ANS: A
Angular Cheilitis Most Commonly Responds To Antifungal Therapy Once Nutritional
Deficiencies Have Been Ruled Out. Amelogenesis Imperfecta Is A Genetic Condition
Associated With Abnormal Development Of The Enamel. Paget Disease Is A Chronic
Metabolic Bone Disease. A Highly Elevated Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Level Contributes
Significantly To The Diagnosis. A Stafne Bone Cyst Is Determined Through Surgical
Diagnosis In Which Entrapped Salivary Gland Tissue Is Identified.
REF: Therapeutic Diagnosis, Page 18 OBJ: 3
8. The Gingival Enlargement In This Patient Was Caused By A Calcium Channel Blocker.
Which Medication Is The Likely Cause?
a. Dilantin
b. Nifedipine
c. Quinidine
d. Clozapine
ANS: B
Nifedipine Is A Calcium Channel Blocker. Dilantin Is An Anticonvulsant Used To Prevent Or
Control Seizures. Quinidine Is An Antiarrhythmic Agent Used To Treat Cardiac Arrhythmias.
Clozapine Is An Antipsychotic Used In The Management Of Psychotic Symptoms In
Schizophrenia.
REF: Historical Diagnosis, Fig. 1.38, Page 17 OBJ: 3
9. Radiographic Features, Including Cotton-Wool Radiopacities And Hypercementosis,
Are Especially Helpful In The Diagnosis Of
a. Paget Disease.
b. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta.
c. Anemia.
d. Diabetes.
ANS: A
Paget Disease Is A Chronic Metabolic Bone Disease. Radiographically, Cotton-Wool
Radiopacities And Hypercementosis Are Characteristic Features. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
Is A Genetic Condition Involving A Defect In The Development Of Dentin. Anemia, A
Decrease In Red Blood Cells, Requires Blood Tests To Determine The Etiologic Factors.
Diabetes Is A Chronic Disorder Of Carbohydrate Metabolism Characterized By Abnormally
High Blood Glucose Levels.
REF: Laboratory Diagnosis, Fig. 1.40, Pages 16, 18 OBJ: 3
10. In Internal Resorption, The Radiolucency Seen On Radiographic Examination Is Usually
a. Well Circumscribed.
b. Diffuse.
Ibsen: Oral Pathology For The Dental Hygienist, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which Descriptive Term Is Described As A Segment That Is Part Of The Whole?
a. Bulla
b. Vesicle
c. Lobule
d. Pustule
ANS: C
A Lobule Is Described As A Segment Or Lobe That Is Part Of A Whole. A Bulla Is A Large,
Elevated Lesion That Contains Serous Fluid And May Look Like A Blister. A Vesicle Is A
Small, Elevated Lesion That Contains Serous Fluid. Pustules Are Circumscribed Elevations
Containing Pus.
REF: Vocabulary, Clinical Of Soft Tissue Lesions, Page 1 OBJ: 1
2. A Lesion With A Sessile Base Is Described As
a. An Ulcer.
b. Stemlike.
c. Pedunculated.
d. Flat And Broad.
ANS: D
Sessile Describes The Base Of A Lesion That Is Flat And Broad. An Ulcer Is A Break In The
Surface Epithelium. A Stemlike Lesion Is Referred To As Pedunculated. A Pedunculated
Lesion Is Stemlike Or Stalk-Based (Similar To A Mushroom).
REF: Vocabulary, Clinical Appearance Of Soft Tissue Lesions, Page 1
OBJ: 1
3. Which Condition Is Not Diagnosed Through Clinical Appearance?
a. Mandibular Tori
b. Fordyce Granules
c. Black Hairy Tongue
d. Compound Odontoma
ANS: D
The Compound Odontoma Is Initially Identified Radiographically As A Radiopaque Area In
Which Tooth Structure Can Be Identified. No Clinical Component Exists. Mandibular Tori
Are Identified Clinically As Areas Of Exostosis On The Lingual Aspects Of Mandibular
Premolars. Fordyce Granules Are Yellow Clusters Of Ectopic Sebaceous Glands Diagnosed
Through Clinical Appearance. Black Hairy Tongue Is Diagnosed Clinically. The Filiform
Papillae On The Dorsal Tongue Elongate And Become Brown Or Black. Causes Include
Tobacco, Alcohol, Hydrogen Peroxide, Chemical Rinses, Antibiotics, And Antacids.
REF: Radiographic Diagnosis, Page 9 OBJ: 3
4. Another Name For Geographic Tongue Is
, a. Median Rhomboid Glossitis.
b. Benign Migratory Glossitis.
c. Fissured Tongue.
d. Black Hairy Tongue.
ANS: B
Benign Migratory Glossitis Is Another Name For Geographic Tongue. Research Suggests
That Median Rhomboid Glossitis Is Associated With A Chronic Fungal Infection From
Candida Albicans. Sometimes The Condition Resolves With Antifungal Therapy. Fissured
Tongue Is Seen In 5% Of The Population. It Is A Variant Of Normal. Genetic Factors Are
Typically Associated With The Condition. Black Hairy Tongue Is Caused By A Reaction To
Chemicals, Tobacco, Hydrogen Peroxide, Or Antacids. The Filiform Papillae On The Dorsal
Tongue Become Elongated And Are Dark Brown To Black.
REF: Geographic Tongue, Page 24 OBJ: 7
5. This Bony Hard Structure In The Midline Of The Hard Palate Is Genetic In Origin And
Inherited In An Autosomal Dominant Manner. The Diagnosis Is Made Through Clinical
Appearance. Which Condition Is Suspected?
a. Palatal Cyst
b. Torus Palatinus
c. Mixed Tumor
d. Ranula
ANS: B
A Torus Palatinus Is Developmental And Bony Hard And Is Found On The Midline Of The
Palate. Diagnosis Is Made On The Basis Of Clinical Appearance. A Palatal Cyst Appears
Radiolucent On A Radiographic Examination And Is Not Diagnosed Through Clinical
Appearance. A Mixed Tumor Or Pleomorphic Adenoma Is A Benign Tumor Of Salivary
Gland Origin, Found Unilaterally Off The Midline Of The Hard Palate. It Is Composed Of
Tumor Tissue That Is Not Bony Hard To Palpation.
Ranula Is A Term Used For A Mucocele-Like Lesion That Forms Unilaterally On The Floor
Of The Mouth.
REF: Torus Palatinus, Page 21 OBJ: 4
6. The Gray-White Opalescent Film Seen On The Buccal Mucosa Of 85% Of Black Adults Is A
Variant Of Normal That Requires No Treatment And Is Termed
a. Linea Alba.
b. Leukoedema.
c. Leukoplakia.
d. White Sponge Nevus.
ANS: B
Leukoedema Is A Diffuse Opalescence Most Commonly Seen On The Buccal Mucosa In Black
Individuals. Linea Alba Is A “White Line” That Extends Anteroposteriorly On The Buccal
Mucosa Along The Occlusal Plane. It Is Most Prominent In Patients Who Have A Clenching
Or Grinding Habit. Leukoplakia Is A Clinical Term For A White Lesion, The Cause Of Which
Is Unknown. White Sponge Nevus Is A Genetic (Autosomal Dominant) Trait. Clinically, It Is
Characterized By A Soft White, Folded (Or Corrugated) Oral Mucosa. A Thick Layer Of
Keratin Produces The Whitening.
REF: Leukoedema, Page 23 OBJ: 8
, 7. Which Condition Most Likely Responds To Therapeutic Diagnosis?
a. Angular Cheilitis
b. Amelogenesis Imperfecta
c. Paget Disease
d. Stafne Bone Cyst
ANS: A
Angular Cheilitis Most Commonly Responds To Antifungal Therapy Once Nutritional
Deficiencies Have Been Ruled Out. Amelogenesis Imperfecta Is A Genetic Condition
Associated With Abnormal Development Of The Enamel. Paget Disease Is A Chronic
Metabolic Bone Disease. A Highly Elevated Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Level Contributes
Significantly To The Diagnosis. A Stafne Bone Cyst Is Determined Through Surgical
Diagnosis In Which Entrapped Salivary Gland Tissue Is Identified.
REF: Therapeutic Diagnosis, Page 18 OBJ: 3
8. The Gingival Enlargement In This Patient Was Caused By A Calcium Channel Blocker.
Which Medication Is The Likely Cause?
a. Dilantin
b. Nifedipine
c. Quinidine
d. Clozapine
ANS: B
Nifedipine Is A Calcium Channel Blocker. Dilantin Is An Anticonvulsant Used To Prevent Or
Control Seizures. Quinidine Is An Antiarrhythmic Agent Used To Treat Cardiac Arrhythmias.
Clozapine Is An Antipsychotic Used In The Management Of Psychotic Symptoms In
Schizophrenia.
REF: Historical Diagnosis, Fig. 1.38, Page 17 OBJ: 3
9. Radiographic Features, Including Cotton-Wool Radiopacities And Hypercementosis,
Are Especially Helpful In The Diagnosis Of
a. Paget Disease.
b. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta.
c. Anemia.
d. Diabetes.
ANS: A
Paget Disease Is A Chronic Metabolic Bone Disease. Radiographically, Cotton-Wool
Radiopacities And Hypercementosis Are Characteristic Features. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
Is A Genetic Condition Involving A Defect In The Development Of Dentin. Anemia, A
Decrease In Red Blood Cells, Requires Blood Tests To Determine The Etiologic Factors.
Diabetes Is A Chronic Disorder Of Carbohydrate Metabolism Characterized By Abnormally
High Blood Glucose Levels.
REF: Laboratory Diagnosis, Fig. 1.40, Pages 16, 18 OBJ: 3
10. In Internal Resorption, The Radiolucency Seen On Radiographic Examination Is Usually
a. Well Circumscribed.
b. Diffuse.
