ONLINE TES XZ
T BANK
XZ
STATISTICAL REASONING FO XZ XZ
R EVERYDAY LIFE
XZ XZ
FIFTH EDITION XZ
Jeffrey Bennett XZ
University of Colorado at Boulder
XZ XZ XZ XZ
William L. Briggs XZ XZ
University of Colorado at Denver
XZ XZ XZ XZ
Mario F. Triola XZ XZ
Dutchess Community College
XZ XZ
,TheXZauthorXZandXZpublisherXZhaveXZusedXZtheirXZbestXZeffortsXZinXZpreparingXZthisXZsupplement. XZTheseXZeffortsXZinclu
deXZtheXZdevelopment, XZresearch,XZandXZtestingXZofXZtheXZtheoriesXZandXZprogramsXZtoXZdetermineXZtheirXZeffectiveness.
XZ TheXZ authorXZ and XZ publisher XZmake XZno XZ warranty XZofXZany XZ kind, XZexpressed XZ orXZimplied, XZwith XZ regard XZto XZtheseX
Zprograms XZorXZtheXZdocumentation XZ contained XZ in XZ this XZ book. XZ TheXZ author XZ and XZ publisher XZ shall XZ not XZ beXZliableXZi
nXZanyXZeventXZforXZincidentalXZorXZconsequentialXZdamagesXZinXZconnectionXZwith,XZorXZarisingXZoutXZof,XZtheXZfurnish
ing,XZperformance,XZorXZuseXZofXZtheseXZprograms.
ProvidedXZbyXZPearsonXZfromXZelectronicXZfilesXZsuppliedXZbyXZtheXZauthor.
CopyrightXZ©XZ2018,XZ2014XZPearsonXZEducation,XZInc.
XZ
PublishingXZasXZPearson,XZ501XZBoylstonXZStreet,XZBoston,XZMAXZ02116.
AllXZrightsXZreserved.XZNoXZpartXZofXZthisXZpublicationXZmayXZbeXZreproduced, XZstoredXZinXZaXZretrievalXZsystem,XZorXZtr
ansmitted, XZinXZanyXZformXZorXZbyXZanyXZmeans,XZelectronic,XZmechanical, XZphotocopying, XZrecording, XZorXZotherwise,X
Z without XZtheXZ priorXZ written XZ permission XZ ofXZ theXZ publisher. XZ Printed XZ in XZ theXZ United XZ States XZ ofXZ America.
ISBN-13:X Z 978-0-13-445697-3
ISBN-10:X Z 0-13-445697-1
www.pearsonhighered.com
,Contents
ChapterXZ1 SpeakingXZofXZStatistics.................................................................................... 1
ChapterXZ2 MeasurementXZinXZStatistics ........................................................................... 13
ChapterXZ3 VisualXZDisplaysXZofXZData............................................................................. 21
ChapterXZ4 DescribingXZData ........................................................................................... 44
ChapterXZ5 AXZNormalXZWorld ......................................................................................... 63
ChapterXZ6 ProbabilityXZinXZStatistics ............................................................................... 71
ChapterXZ7 CorrelationXZandXZCausality ........................................................................... 83
ChapterXZ8 InferencesXZfromXZSamplesXZtoXZPopulations ................................................ 100
ChapterXZ9 HypothesisXZTesting .................................................................................... 108
ChapterXZ10 tXZTests,XZTwo-WayXZTables,XZandXZANOVA ............................................. 123
Answers ........................................................................................................................... 135
iii
, Statistical Reasoning for Everyday Life
XZ XZ XZ XZ
Chapter 1 (Speaking of Statistics) Exam, form A
XZ XZ XZ XZ XZ XZ XZ
MULTIPLEXZCHOICE.XZChooseXZtheXZoneXZalternativeXZthatXZbestXZcompletesXZtheXZstatem
entXZorXZanswersXZtheXZquestion.
ForXZproblemsXZ1XZandXZ2,XZdetermineXZwhetherXZtheXZevaluatedXZgroupXZisXZaXZpopulationXZorXZaXZsam
ple.
1) TheXZaverageXZ(mean)XZageXZofXZallXZ63XZAssociateXZProfessorsXZatXZClifftonXZUniversityXZisXZ47XZyears.
A) Population B)XZSample
2) AXZresearcherXZexaminesXZtheXZpropertyXZtaxXZrecordsXZofXZ84XZpropertyXZownersXZinXZoneXZcityXZandXZ
findsXZthatXZ17%XZareXZbehindXZinXZtheirXZtaxXZpayments.
A) Population B)XZSample
ForXZproblemsXZ3XZandXZ4,XZdetermineXZwhetherXZtheXZgivenXZvalueXZisXZaXZstatisticXZorXZaXZparameter.
3) TheXZaverageXZ(mean)XZageXZofXZallXZ63XZAssociateXZProfessorsXZatXZClifftonXZUniversityXZisXZ47XZyears.
A) Statistic B)XZParameter
4) AXZresearcherXZexaminesXZtheXZpropertyXZtaxXZrecordsXZofXZ84XZpropertyXZownersXZinXZoneXZcityXZandXZ
findsXZthatXZ17%XZareXZbehindXZinXZtheirXZtaxXZpayments.
A) Statistic B)XZParameter
5) FollowingXZtheXZRepublicanXZNationalXZConvention,XZaXZpollXZofXZ600XZvotersXZinXZaXZcentralXZIllinois
XZcommunityXZshowedXZthatXZ57%XZexpectedXZtheXZRepublicanXZticketXZtoXZwinXZoverXZtheXZDemocratX
ZticketXZnoXZmatterXZwhomXZtheXZDemocratsXZchoseXZforXZvice-
president.XZTheXZmarginXZofXZerrorXZwasXZ4XZpercentageXZpoints.XZThereXZareXZ25,000XZregisteredXZvot
ersXZinXZtheXZcommunity.XZWhichXZrangeXZofXZvaluesXZisXZlikelyXZtoXZcontainXZtheXZpopulationXZparame
ter?
A) 13,250XZtoXZ15,250 B)XZ24,400XZtoXZ25,600
C)XZ318XZtoXZ366 D)XZ53%XZtoXZ61%
6) AXZpollXZofXZ488XZcitizensXZofXZNormal,XZIllinois,XZshowedXZthatXZ65%XZfavoredXZstrictXZenforcementXZo
fXZspeedXZlimitsXZwithXZaXZmarginXZofXZerrorXZofXZ4%.XZAXZsecondXZpollXZofXZ495XZcitizensXZofXZtheXZsam
eXZtownXZshowedXZthatXZ34%XZfavoredXZstrictXZenforcementXZofXZspeedXZlimits.XZAssumingXZthatXZproper
XZsamplingXZtechniquesXZwereXZusedXZinXZbothXZpolls,XZoneXZmayXZconcludeXZthat
A) theXZpercentXZofXZtheXZpopulationXZthatXZfavorsXZstrictXZenforcementXZofXZspeedXZlimitsXZisXZ49.5%XZXZ8%.
B) theXZpercentXZofXZtheXZpopulationXZthatXZfavorsXZstrictXZenforcementXZofXZspeedXZlimitsXZisXZ49.5%XZXZ4%.
C) oneXZorXZbothXZofXZtheXZsamplesXZmayXZhaveXZbeenXZunlikelyXZsamplesXZfromXZtheXZpopulation.
D) theXZpercentXZofXZtheXZpopulationXZthatXZfavorsXZstrictXZenforcementXZofXZspeedXZlimitsXZisXZ65%XZXZ8%.
7) AXZpollXZofXZ700XZattendeesXZofXZtheXZTasteXZofXZChicagoXZshowedXZthatXZ445XZattendees,XZ65%XZofXZth
eXZsample,XZbelievedXZthatXZtheXZfoodXZwasXZoverpriced.XZItXZisXZestimatedXZthatXZ1,250,000XZpeopleXZatt
endXZtheXZTaste.XZAlthoughXZ65%XZplusXZorXZminusXZ5%XZofXZattendeesXZbelieveXZthatXZtheXZfoodXZisXZo
verpriced,XZtheXZTasteXZisXZaXZpopularXZevent.XZTheXZrawXZdataXZofXZtheXZstudyXZisXZ(are)
A) 65%XZofXZtheXZsample.
B) 700XZattendees,XZ455XZattendees.
C) 1,250,000XZattendees,XZ700XZattendees,XZ455XZattendees.
D) (60%,XZ70%)
8) AXZstudentXZwantedXZtoXZknowXZtheXZfavoriteXZlunchXZatXZaXZlargeXZhighXZschoolXZwithXZaXZclosedXZcam
pus.XZWhatXZisXZtheXZfirstXZstepXZinXZconductingXZaXZstatisticalXZstudyXZtoXZanswerXZtheXZquestion?
A) SelectXZaXZrandomXZsampleXZofXZstudents.
B) PreciselyXZstateXZtheXZgoalXZofXZtheXZstudy.
C) SelectXZaXZrandomXZsampleXZofXZstudentsXZandXZteachers.
D) SelectXZaXZrandomXZsampleXZofXZteachers.
1
CopyrightXZ©XZ2018XZPearsonXZEducation,X
ZInc.
T BANK
XZ
STATISTICAL REASONING FO XZ XZ
R EVERYDAY LIFE
XZ XZ
FIFTH EDITION XZ
Jeffrey Bennett XZ
University of Colorado at Boulder
XZ XZ XZ XZ
William L. Briggs XZ XZ
University of Colorado at Denver
XZ XZ XZ XZ
Mario F. Triola XZ XZ
Dutchess Community College
XZ XZ
,TheXZauthorXZandXZpublisherXZhaveXZusedXZtheirXZbestXZeffortsXZinXZpreparingXZthisXZsupplement. XZTheseXZeffortsXZinclu
deXZtheXZdevelopment, XZresearch,XZandXZtestingXZofXZtheXZtheoriesXZandXZprogramsXZtoXZdetermineXZtheirXZeffectiveness.
XZ TheXZ authorXZ and XZ publisher XZmake XZno XZ warranty XZofXZany XZ kind, XZexpressed XZ orXZimplied, XZwith XZ regard XZto XZtheseX
Zprograms XZorXZtheXZdocumentation XZ contained XZ in XZ this XZ book. XZ TheXZ author XZ and XZ publisher XZ shall XZ not XZ beXZliableXZi
nXZanyXZeventXZforXZincidentalXZorXZconsequentialXZdamagesXZinXZconnectionXZwith,XZorXZarisingXZoutXZof,XZtheXZfurnish
ing,XZperformance,XZorXZuseXZofXZtheseXZprograms.
ProvidedXZbyXZPearsonXZfromXZelectronicXZfilesXZsuppliedXZbyXZtheXZauthor.
CopyrightXZ©XZ2018,XZ2014XZPearsonXZEducation,XZInc.
XZ
PublishingXZasXZPearson,XZ501XZBoylstonXZStreet,XZBoston,XZMAXZ02116.
AllXZrightsXZreserved.XZNoXZpartXZofXZthisXZpublicationXZmayXZbeXZreproduced, XZstoredXZinXZaXZretrievalXZsystem,XZorXZtr
ansmitted, XZinXZanyXZformXZorXZbyXZanyXZmeans,XZelectronic,XZmechanical, XZphotocopying, XZrecording, XZorXZotherwise,X
Z without XZtheXZ priorXZ written XZ permission XZ ofXZ theXZ publisher. XZ Printed XZ in XZ theXZ United XZ States XZ ofXZ America.
ISBN-13:X Z 978-0-13-445697-3
ISBN-10:X Z 0-13-445697-1
www.pearsonhighered.com
,Contents
ChapterXZ1 SpeakingXZofXZStatistics.................................................................................... 1
ChapterXZ2 MeasurementXZinXZStatistics ........................................................................... 13
ChapterXZ3 VisualXZDisplaysXZofXZData............................................................................. 21
ChapterXZ4 DescribingXZData ........................................................................................... 44
ChapterXZ5 AXZNormalXZWorld ......................................................................................... 63
ChapterXZ6 ProbabilityXZinXZStatistics ............................................................................... 71
ChapterXZ7 CorrelationXZandXZCausality ........................................................................... 83
ChapterXZ8 InferencesXZfromXZSamplesXZtoXZPopulations ................................................ 100
ChapterXZ9 HypothesisXZTesting .................................................................................... 108
ChapterXZ10 tXZTests,XZTwo-WayXZTables,XZandXZANOVA ............................................. 123
Answers ........................................................................................................................... 135
iii
, Statistical Reasoning for Everyday Life
XZ XZ XZ XZ
Chapter 1 (Speaking of Statistics) Exam, form A
XZ XZ XZ XZ XZ XZ XZ
MULTIPLEXZCHOICE.XZChooseXZtheXZoneXZalternativeXZthatXZbestXZcompletesXZtheXZstatem
entXZorXZanswersXZtheXZquestion.
ForXZproblemsXZ1XZandXZ2,XZdetermineXZwhetherXZtheXZevaluatedXZgroupXZisXZaXZpopulationXZorXZaXZsam
ple.
1) TheXZaverageXZ(mean)XZageXZofXZallXZ63XZAssociateXZProfessorsXZatXZClifftonXZUniversityXZisXZ47XZyears.
A) Population B)XZSample
2) AXZresearcherXZexaminesXZtheXZpropertyXZtaxXZrecordsXZofXZ84XZpropertyXZownersXZinXZoneXZcityXZandXZ
findsXZthatXZ17%XZareXZbehindXZinXZtheirXZtaxXZpayments.
A) Population B)XZSample
ForXZproblemsXZ3XZandXZ4,XZdetermineXZwhetherXZtheXZgivenXZvalueXZisXZaXZstatisticXZorXZaXZparameter.
3) TheXZaverageXZ(mean)XZageXZofXZallXZ63XZAssociateXZProfessorsXZatXZClifftonXZUniversityXZisXZ47XZyears.
A) Statistic B)XZParameter
4) AXZresearcherXZexaminesXZtheXZpropertyXZtaxXZrecordsXZofXZ84XZpropertyXZownersXZinXZoneXZcityXZandXZ
findsXZthatXZ17%XZareXZbehindXZinXZtheirXZtaxXZpayments.
A) Statistic B)XZParameter
5) FollowingXZtheXZRepublicanXZNationalXZConvention,XZaXZpollXZofXZ600XZvotersXZinXZaXZcentralXZIllinois
XZcommunityXZshowedXZthatXZ57%XZexpectedXZtheXZRepublicanXZticketXZtoXZwinXZoverXZtheXZDemocratX
ZticketXZnoXZmatterXZwhomXZtheXZDemocratsXZchoseXZforXZvice-
president.XZTheXZmarginXZofXZerrorXZwasXZ4XZpercentageXZpoints.XZThereXZareXZ25,000XZregisteredXZvot
ersXZinXZtheXZcommunity.XZWhichXZrangeXZofXZvaluesXZisXZlikelyXZtoXZcontainXZtheXZpopulationXZparame
ter?
A) 13,250XZtoXZ15,250 B)XZ24,400XZtoXZ25,600
C)XZ318XZtoXZ366 D)XZ53%XZtoXZ61%
6) AXZpollXZofXZ488XZcitizensXZofXZNormal,XZIllinois,XZshowedXZthatXZ65%XZfavoredXZstrictXZenforcementXZo
fXZspeedXZlimitsXZwithXZaXZmarginXZofXZerrorXZofXZ4%.XZAXZsecondXZpollXZofXZ495XZcitizensXZofXZtheXZsam
eXZtownXZshowedXZthatXZ34%XZfavoredXZstrictXZenforcementXZofXZspeedXZlimits.XZAssumingXZthatXZproper
XZsamplingXZtechniquesXZwereXZusedXZinXZbothXZpolls,XZoneXZmayXZconcludeXZthat
A) theXZpercentXZofXZtheXZpopulationXZthatXZfavorsXZstrictXZenforcementXZofXZspeedXZlimitsXZisXZ49.5%XZXZ8%.
B) theXZpercentXZofXZtheXZpopulationXZthatXZfavorsXZstrictXZenforcementXZofXZspeedXZlimitsXZisXZ49.5%XZXZ4%.
C) oneXZorXZbothXZofXZtheXZsamplesXZmayXZhaveXZbeenXZunlikelyXZsamplesXZfromXZtheXZpopulation.
D) theXZpercentXZofXZtheXZpopulationXZthatXZfavorsXZstrictXZenforcementXZofXZspeedXZlimitsXZisXZ65%XZXZ8%.
7) AXZpollXZofXZ700XZattendeesXZofXZtheXZTasteXZofXZChicagoXZshowedXZthatXZ445XZattendees,XZ65%XZofXZth
eXZsample,XZbelievedXZthatXZtheXZfoodXZwasXZoverpriced.XZItXZisXZestimatedXZthatXZ1,250,000XZpeopleXZatt
endXZtheXZTaste.XZAlthoughXZ65%XZplusXZorXZminusXZ5%XZofXZattendeesXZbelieveXZthatXZtheXZfoodXZisXZo
verpriced,XZtheXZTasteXZisXZaXZpopularXZevent.XZTheXZrawXZdataXZofXZtheXZstudyXZisXZ(are)
A) 65%XZofXZtheXZsample.
B) 700XZattendees,XZ455XZattendees.
C) 1,250,000XZattendees,XZ700XZattendees,XZ455XZattendees.
D) (60%,XZ70%)
8) AXZstudentXZwantedXZtoXZknowXZtheXZfavoriteXZlunchXZatXZaXZlargeXZhighXZschoolXZwithXZaXZclosedXZcam
pus.XZWhatXZisXZtheXZfirstXZstepXZinXZconductingXZaXZstatisticalXZstudyXZtoXZanswerXZtheXZquestion?
A) SelectXZaXZrandomXZsampleXZofXZstudents.
B) PreciselyXZstateXZtheXZgoalXZofXZtheXZstudy.
C) SelectXZaXZrandomXZsampleXZofXZstudentsXZandXZteachers.
D) SelectXZaXZrandomXZsampleXZofXZteachers.
1
CopyrightXZ©XZ2018XZPearsonXZEducation,X
ZInc.
