WGU D311 OA Exam (2025-2026 Version) |
Microbiology Exam | Actual Exam
Questions and Correct Answers | Newest
Version
What is the difference between antigens (Ags) and pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs)? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------PAMPs are
found on numerous pathogens; Ags are unique to specific pathogens.
Which complete region of an antibody is the site of complement factor binding? --
-------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Fragment crystallization (Fc) region
How do vaccines provide immunity to disease? ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------
-----Vaccines stimulate both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.
Which vaccine type provides immunity by introducing the body to a less virulent
pathogen? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Attenuated vaccines
Which characteristic is a disadvantage of attenuated vaccines? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------Attenuated vaccines result in the development of the signs
and symptoms of disease.
,Which vaccine type was formulated to combat capsule-producing pathogens? -----
----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Conjugate vaccines
Which type of immunity is generated from vaccination? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------Artificially active acquired immunity
What is the effect of herd immunity on a population? ---------CORRECT ANSWER---
--------------The protection of susceptible individuals in a population from a disease
What is the global financial impact of vaccinating for measles? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------The cost of vaccination is less than the overall cost of
medical care and lost work time due to measles infection, so money is saved by
vaccinating the public.
Which vaccine was the first to provide immunity, paving the way for the
subsequent vaccination campaigns? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
Smallpox
A patient developed peritonitis (infection of the abdominal cavity) after intestinal
surgery. The attending physician suspects a nosocomial infection as the cause. ----
,-----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Adhere to surgical suite cleaning and
disinfection protocols
An outbreak of canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD) occurred in a dog
boarding facility after a dog that was asymptomatic later developed the disease.
Which strategy will mitigate the risk of a future outbreak of CIRD? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Require dogs to be vaccinated for CIRD pathogens
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines on disinfection state a
specific number of bacteria must be reduced in less than 10 minutes for a
company to claim that its chemical solution is a disinfectant.
How can a 1:10 dilution of bleach solution be used for disinfection if only
undiluted bleach meets the EPA's guidelines? ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------------
---Allow diluted bleach to contact clean, contaminated surfaces for more than 10
minutes
A foodborne pathogen is suspected as a cause of acute onset fever and diarrhea
in people after eating one brand of a packaged salad mix.
Which method will mitigate the future risk of product contamination with this
pathogen? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Farmers use water sourced only
from a city's water supply for field irrigation
How does the complement system contribute to the innate immune response? ---
------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------It is composed of proteins that can be
, activated by the presence of pathogens to form the membrane attack complex
(MAC).
Why are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) considered an innate immune function? --
-------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------AMPs are produced both routinely and as a
response to pathogens.
Which terms refer to monocytes when they differentiate into tissue-specific
phagocytes? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Macrophages and dendritic
cells
What is specifically being reported if the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention reports 10,000 new cases of COVID-19? ---------CORRECT ANSWER------
-----------Incidence
What is the difference between prevalence and incidence? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------Prevalence refers to the total number of infections;
incidence refers only to new cases.
Which term refers to a disease that occurs on a worldwide scale at a given time? -
--------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Pandemic
Microbiology Exam | Actual Exam
Questions and Correct Answers | Newest
Version
What is the difference between antigens (Ags) and pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs)? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------PAMPs are
found on numerous pathogens; Ags are unique to specific pathogens.
Which complete region of an antibody is the site of complement factor binding? --
-------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Fragment crystallization (Fc) region
How do vaccines provide immunity to disease? ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------
-----Vaccines stimulate both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.
Which vaccine type provides immunity by introducing the body to a less virulent
pathogen? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Attenuated vaccines
Which characteristic is a disadvantage of attenuated vaccines? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------Attenuated vaccines result in the development of the signs
and symptoms of disease.
,Which vaccine type was formulated to combat capsule-producing pathogens? -----
----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Conjugate vaccines
Which type of immunity is generated from vaccination? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------Artificially active acquired immunity
What is the effect of herd immunity on a population? ---------CORRECT ANSWER---
--------------The protection of susceptible individuals in a population from a disease
What is the global financial impact of vaccinating for measles? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------The cost of vaccination is less than the overall cost of
medical care and lost work time due to measles infection, so money is saved by
vaccinating the public.
Which vaccine was the first to provide immunity, paving the way for the
subsequent vaccination campaigns? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
Smallpox
A patient developed peritonitis (infection of the abdominal cavity) after intestinal
surgery. The attending physician suspects a nosocomial infection as the cause. ----
,-----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Adhere to surgical suite cleaning and
disinfection protocols
An outbreak of canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD) occurred in a dog
boarding facility after a dog that was asymptomatic later developed the disease.
Which strategy will mitigate the risk of a future outbreak of CIRD? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Require dogs to be vaccinated for CIRD pathogens
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines on disinfection state a
specific number of bacteria must be reduced in less than 10 minutes for a
company to claim that its chemical solution is a disinfectant.
How can a 1:10 dilution of bleach solution be used for disinfection if only
undiluted bleach meets the EPA's guidelines? ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------------
---Allow diluted bleach to contact clean, contaminated surfaces for more than 10
minutes
A foodborne pathogen is suspected as a cause of acute onset fever and diarrhea
in people after eating one brand of a packaged salad mix.
Which method will mitigate the future risk of product contamination with this
pathogen? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Farmers use water sourced only
from a city's water supply for field irrigation
How does the complement system contribute to the innate immune response? ---
------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------It is composed of proteins that can be
, activated by the presence of pathogens to form the membrane attack complex
(MAC).
Why are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) considered an innate immune function? --
-------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------AMPs are produced both routinely and as a
response to pathogens.
Which terms refer to monocytes when they differentiate into tissue-specific
phagocytes? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Macrophages and dendritic
cells
What is specifically being reported if the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention reports 10,000 new cases of COVID-19? ---------CORRECT ANSWER------
-----------Incidence
What is the difference between prevalence and incidence? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------Prevalence refers to the total number of infections;
incidence refers only to new cases.
Which term refers to a disease that occurs on a worldwide scale at a given time? -
--------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Pandemic
