Complete Test Bank Brock Biology of Microorganisms 16th Edition Madigan Questions & Answers with rationales (Chapter 1-34)

,TEST BANK FOR BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORG
x x x x x x




ANISM x 16TH
Test Bank For EDITION
Brock Biology x BY
of Microorganisms 15th
x MICHAEL
EditionxBy Michael T. Madigan T. MADIGAN x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


Chapter 1 The Microbial World
x x x x




BrockMultiple
1.1 BiologyChoice
x of Microorganisms,
Questions 15e (Madigan et al.)
x
x x
x
x x x x




1) Which of the following statements is FALSE?
x x x x x x

A) Microbial cells can exist as single cells.
x x x x x x

B) Microbial cells carry out their life processes of growth independently.
x x x x x x x x x

C) Microbial cells include both bacteria and viruses.
x x x x x x

D) Microbial cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane.
x x x x x x x




2) Which of the following statements is correct?
x x x x x x

A) Microorganisms are significant contributors to the total biomass on Earth. x x x x x x x x x

B) Microorganisms represent a much smaller amount of Earth’s biomass than plants. x x x x x x x x x x

C) Microorganisms represent a much smaller amount of Earth’s biomass than animals. x x x x x x x x x x

D) Microorganisms are significant in number, but not in overall biomass. x x x x x x x x x




3) Differential selection and reproduction of phenotypes occurs during a process called
x x x x x x x x x x

A) cellular differentiation. x

B) evolution.
C) growth.
D) transformation.




4) In what/which domain(s) of life is/are microorganisms represented?
x x x x x x x

A) Archaea
B) Bacteria
C) Eukarya
D) Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya x x x




5) Biological catalysts involved in the acceleration of the rate of chemical reactions are called
x x x x x x x x x x x x x

A) catalytic converters. x

B) growth agents. x

C) evolutionary molecules. x

D) enzymes.



6) Regarding early life on Earth x x x x

A) microbial life existed for billions of years before plant and animal life.
x x x x x x x x x x x

B) microbial life existed long before animals but has been around for about the same amount of time as plants.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

C) microbial life, plant life, and animal life all appeared at about the same time.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x

D) it is impossible to determine which type of life first appeared.
x x x x x x x x x x

,7) The person who described the “wee animalcules” was
x x x x x x x

A) Robert Hooke. x

B) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. x x

C) Louis Pasteur. x


D) Ferdinand Cohn. x




Chapter Section: 1.5
x x




8) Walther Hesse and x x pioneered the use of agar as a solidifying agent.
x x x x x x x x

A) Louis Pasteur x

B) Ferdinand Cohn x

C) Robert Koch x

D) Sergei Winogradsky x




0

9) Which of the following is/are characteristic of all cellular organisms?
x x x x x x x x x

A) communication
B) evolution
C) motility
D) communication, evolution, and motility x x x




10) Deduce why viruses are excluded from the ribosomal RNA—based tree of life.
x x x x x x x x x x x

A) Some viruses contain multiple strands of RNA.
x x x x x x

B) Their genetic elements cannot be sequenced.
x x x x x

C) They can infect other organisms, which complicates the genetic comparisons.
x x x x x x x x x

D) They lack ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
x x x x




3
11) Louis Pasteur developed the vaccine(s) for
x x x x x

A) anthrax only. x

B) fowl cholera only.
x x

C) rabies only. x

D) anthrax, fowl cholera, and rabies. x x x x




Chapter Section: 1.9
x x




12) The discovery of antibiotics and other important chemicals led to the field of
x x x x x x x x x x x x

A) industrial microbiology. x

B) agricultural microbiology. x

C) marine microbiology. x

D) aquatic microbiology. x




13) Microbial sterilization is used to x x x x

A) decrease the possibility of contaminants growing in a culture.
x x x x x x x x

B) kill bacteria but not necessarily viruses or other microbes.
x x x x x x x x

C) kill all microbes in or on objects.
x x x x x x

D) clean a work area. x x x

, Chapter Section: 1.9 x x




14) Transparent double-sided dishes used for growing microbes are most commonly called
x x x x x x x x x x

A) Petri dishes. x

B) baker dishes. x

C) sterilization plates. x

D) culture medium plates. x x




0


15) Microbes playing a role in nitrogen fixation in plants live in
x x x x x x x x x x

, while those playing a role in the digestive tract of certain herbivores live in
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x .
A) rumens / nodules x x

B) nodules / rumens x x

C) nodules / fortrans x x

D) fortrans / rumens x x




16) Which of the following is NOT an accomplishment of Louis Pasteur?
x x x x x x x x x x

A) determined that the alcohol- x x x

making process was mediated by microbial fermentation and thus refuted the theory of spontaneous generation
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

B) developed enrichment culture techniques x x x

C) developed heat sterilization techniques that involved the creation of a specialized swan-necked flask
x x x x x x x x x x x x


D) developed the first rabies vaccine and treated thousands of individuals
x x x x x x x x x




Chapter Section: 1.9 x x




17) The theory of spontaneous generation was refuted by the work of
x x x x x x x x x x

A) Louis Pasteur. x

B) Robert Koch. x

C) Robert Hooke. x


D) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. x x




Chapter Section: 1.9 x x




18) A Pasteur flask has a(n)
x x x x

A) swan neck to prevent particulate matter from getting into the main body of the flask.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

B) double neck so two substances may be added at the same time.
x x x x x x x x x x x

C) secondary opening at the base to allow for drainage. x x x x x x x x

D) inverted upper edge to prevent spillage while swirling.
x x x x x x x




Chapter Section: 1.9 x x




19) Predict how Pasteur’s conclusions on spontaneous generation with swan flasks would have changed if he worked with and
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

maintained the flasks in a sterile laminar flow hood.
x x x x x x x x

A) Sterilization of the swan flask solutions would not have been necessary to reject spontaneous generation. If he did sterilize t
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

he flasks, the spontaneous generation hypothesis would have been supported.
x x x x x x x x x

B) His incubation times would not have been sufficient to refute spontaneous generation.
x x x x x x x x x x x

C) Pasteur’s flasks never would have putrefied, and the experiment would not have refuted spontaneous generation.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


D) Viruses would have still been present, and his conclusion would have been unchanged.
x x x x x x x x x x x x