NU 325- Exam 4
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1. Nociceptive pain (NP) o specialized nerve endings located
in the cutaneous and deep muscu-
loskeletal tissue that detect painful
stimuli from the periphery and com-
municate this information to the CNS
o Nociceptors carry pain signal to the
CNS by two primary sensory (afferent)
fibers: Aδ and C fibers
o NP starts outside of the nervous
system from actual or potential tissue
damage. It has 4 phases.
2. Know the 4 phases of Nociception o Transduction
o Transmission
o Perception
o Modulation
3. Transduction noxious stimulus takes place in pe-
riphery
4. Transmission pain impulse moves from spinal cord
to brain
5. Perception conscious awareness of painful sensa-
tion
6. Modulation inhibition of pain message
7. neuropathic pain (NEP) o results from an abnormal processing
of the pain message from an injury to
nerve fibers
, NU 325- Exam 4
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o Pain is described as: Constant
dull ache, Burning, Stabbing, Electric
shock, Tingling
o Much more difficult to assess and
treat
o Nociceptive pain can develop into
Neuropathic pain if poorly controlled
8. what can cause neuropathic pain diabetes mellitus, shingles (herpes
zoster), HIV/AIDS, sciatica, trigemi-
nal neuralgia, phantom limb pain,
chemotherapy, stroke, multiple sclero-
sis, tumor
9. visceral pain originates from larger internal or-
gans (stomach, intestine, gallbladder,
pancreas); described as dull, deep,
squeezing, or cramping
pain impulses transmitted along the
autonomic nervous system (ANS)
10. deep somatic pain comes from blood vessels, joints, ten-
dons, muscles, bone; may result from
pressure, trauma, or ischemia
- pain feels aching or throbbing
11. cutaneous pain derived from skin surface and subQ
tissues
pain feels sharp, superficial, burning
, NU 325- Exam 4
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12. referred pain pain felt in a site different from pain
origin (pain is referred to where the
organ was located in fetal develop-
ment)
(Ex. Appendix felt in umbilical region)
13. Acute pain Short-term self limiting; often follows
a predictable trajectory and dissipates
after an injury heals
-Serves as a protective measure
-Ceases after an injury heals
ex. surgery, trauma, kidney stones
14. Chronic (persistent) pain Greater than 6 months
- malignant or non-malignant
15. Recognize nonverbal behaviors associated guarding, grimacing, moaning, agita-
with pain tion, restlessness, stillness, diaphore-
sis, change in vital signs
16. developmental variations in pain for the aging pain is a common experience among
adult 65yo and older, but is not normal
17. Understand the physiologic effect of pain on cardiac (tachycardia, increased BP)
vital signs pulmonary (hypoventilation, hypoxia,
atelectasis)
gastrointestinal (nausea, vomiting)
renal (oliguria, urinary retention)
musculoskeletal (spasms, joint stiff-
ness)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7e8zw6
1. Nociceptive pain (NP) o specialized nerve endings located
in the cutaneous and deep muscu-
loskeletal tissue that detect painful
stimuli from the periphery and com-
municate this information to the CNS
o Nociceptors carry pain signal to the
CNS by two primary sensory (afferent)
fibers: Aδ and C fibers
o NP starts outside of the nervous
system from actual or potential tissue
damage. It has 4 phases.
2. Know the 4 phases of Nociception o Transduction
o Transmission
o Perception
o Modulation
3. Transduction noxious stimulus takes place in pe-
riphery
4. Transmission pain impulse moves from spinal cord
to brain
5. Perception conscious awareness of painful sensa-
tion
6. Modulation inhibition of pain message
7. neuropathic pain (NEP) o results from an abnormal processing
of the pain message from an injury to
nerve fibers
, NU 325- Exam 4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7e8zw6
o Pain is described as: Constant
dull ache, Burning, Stabbing, Electric
shock, Tingling
o Much more difficult to assess and
treat
o Nociceptive pain can develop into
Neuropathic pain if poorly controlled
8. what can cause neuropathic pain diabetes mellitus, shingles (herpes
zoster), HIV/AIDS, sciatica, trigemi-
nal neuralgia, phantom limb pain,
chemotherapy, stroke, multiple sclero-
sis, tumor
9. visceral pain originates from larger internal or-
gans (stomach, intestine, gallbladder,
pancreas); described as dull, deep,
squeezing, or cramping
pain impulses transmitted along the
autonomic nervous system (ANS)
10. deep somatic pain comes from blood vessels, joints, ten-
dons, muscles, bone; may result from
pressure, trauma, or ischemia
- pain feels aching or throbbing
11. cutaneous pain derived from skin surface and subQ
tissues
pain feels sharp, superficial, burning
, NU 325- Exam 4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7e8zw6
12. referred pain pain felt in a site different from pain
origin (pain is referred to where the
organ was located in fetal develop-
ment)
(Ex. Appendix felt in umbilical region)
13. Acute pain Short-term self limiting; often follows
a predictable trajectory and dissipates
after an injury heals
-Serves as a protective measure
-Ceases after an injury heals
ex. surgery, trauma, kidney stones
14. Chronic (persistent) pain Greater than 6 months
- malignant or non-malignant
15. Recognize nonverbal behaviors associated guarding, grimacing, moaning, agita-
with pain tion, restlessness, stillness, diaphore-
sis, change in vital signs
16. developmental variations in pain for the aging pain is a common experience among
adult 65yo and older, but is not normal
17. Understand the physiologic effect of pain on cardiac (tachycardia, increased BP)
vital signs pulmonary (hypoventilation, hypoxia,
atelectasis)
gastrointestinal (nausea, vomiting)
renal (oliguria, urinary retention)
musculoskeletal (spasms, joint stiff-
ness)
