BIO 116/117/118 Exam Review: Blood and
Cardiovascular System UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Layers of whole blood when spun in a centrifuge - CORRECT ANSWER Plasma (top),
Buffy coat (middle, WBCs and platelets), Red blood cells (bottom).
Function of hemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER To carry oxygen from the lungs to tissues
and return carbon dioxide to the lungs.
Monocytes differentiate into - CORRECT ANSWER Macrophages.
What does the body produce at high altitudes or low oxygen environments? - CORRECT
ANSWER Erythropoietin (EPO), to stimulate RBC production due to low oxygen levels.
Nutrient deficiency causing pernicious anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Vitamin B12.
What happens to iron when hemoglobin is broken down? - CORRECT ANSWER It is
recycled and transported by transferrin to the bone marrow.
Types of white blood cells - CORRECT ANSWER Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils,
Lymphocytes, Monocytes.
Major plasma proteins and their functions - CORRECT ANSWER Albumin (osmotic
pressure), Globulins (immunity), Fibrinogen (clotting).
Non-protein nitrogenous substances - CORRECT ANSWER Urea, uric acid, creatinine.
Cardiovascular System UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Layers of whole blood when spun in a centrifuge - CORRECT ANSWER Plasma (top),
Buffy coat (middle, WBCs and platelets), Red blood cells (bottom).
Function of hemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER To carry oxygen from the lungs to tissues
and return carbon dioxide to the lungs.
Monocytes differentiate into - CORRECT ANSWER Macrophages.
What does the body produce at high altitudes or low oxygen environments? - CORRECT
ANSWER Erythropoietin (EPO), to stimulate RBC production due to low oxygen levels.
Nutrient deficiency causing pernicious anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Vitamin B12.
What happens to iron when hemoglobin is broken down? - CORRECT ANSWER It is
recycled and transported by transferrin to the bone marrow.
Types of white blood cells - CORRECT ANSWER Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils,
Lymphocytes, Monocytes.
Major plasma proteins and their functions - CORRECT ANSWER Albumin (osmotic
pressure), Globulins (immunity), Fibrinogen (clotting).
Non-protein nitrogenous substances - CORRECT ANSWER Urea, uric acid, creatinine.
