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_______ __________ is more sensitive to low velocity flow and offers angle
independence. - CORRECT ANSWER: Power Doppler
________ _________ results in a scar formation that may present as a suspicious
mass. - CORRECT ANSWER: Radial scar
_________ __________ appear as prominent structures within the subcutaneous
(premammary) layer. - CORRECT ANSWER: Cooper's ligaments.
_________ can reveal the true nature of the complicated cyst. - CORRECT ANSWER:
Cytology (upon aspiration)
_________ diseases may cross fibrous planes and have a tendency to grow toward the
skin. - CORRECT ANSWER: Malignant
_________ is a true lateral view with the x-ray beam parallel to the floor. - CORRECT
ANSWER: Lateral, (ML or LM)
_________ is difficult to detect on Mammography and Sonography. - CORRECT
ANSWER: LCIS
_________ may influence rapid growth of fibroadenomas. - CORRECT ANSWER:
Pregnancy
,__________ ____________ represents 11% of breast cancers found in women under
age 35. - CORRECT ANSWER: Medullary carcinoma
__________ focal zones are recommended for breast imaging. - CORRECT ANSWER:
Multiple
___________ Ducts travel between the lobes. - CORRECT ANSWER: Interlobular
____________ (artifact) decreases contrast resolution and spatial resoution (both axial
and lateral). Places unwanted echoes in cysts. - CORRECT ANSWER: Volume
averaging
________________ is the only imaging modality that can consistently identify
calcifications in the breast. _________ is not extremely helpful. - CORRECT ANSWER:
Mammography, Sonography
____________________________ may produce an area of architectural distortion
without a mass. - CORRECT ANSWER: Invasive Lobular Carcinoma
****Accessory breast or more than two breasts. - CORRECT ANSWER: Polymastia
***A rare thrombophlebitis of a superficial vein of the breast. - CORRECT ANSWER:
Mondor's disease
***A thick echogenic halo is usually _____________. - CORRECT ANSWER: Malignant
***Aka swiss cheese disease - CORRECT ANSWER: ***Juvenile papillomatosis
***An encapsulated tumor of mature adipose tissue.*** - CORRECT ANSWER:
***Lipoma
,***Breast tumors causing nipple discharge (1 benign, 3 malignant) - CORRECT
ANSWER: ***
Benign - Intraductal papilloma
Malignant - Intraductal papillary carcinoma
DCIS
Invasive ductal carcinoma
***Extension of a tumor into a duct coursing away from the nipple - usually involves
multiple ducts. - CORRECT ANSWER: ***Branch pattern
***Extension of a tumor into a duct coursing toward the nipple. - CORRECT ANSWER:
***Duct extension
***Medullary carcinoma is more common among which ethnic groups? - CORRECT
ANSWER: Asian and African-American women
***Most common type of breast cancer accounting for 75% of cases. - CORRECT
ANSWER: Invasive Ductal Caricinoma
***Most commonly mistaken cancer for a benign fibroadenoma. - CORRECT ANSWER:
***Medullary carcinoma
***Seen in adolescent girls, a highly cellular type of benign fibroadenoma. Grows rapidly
and may measure up to 5 cm. *** - CORRECT ANSWER: Juvenile (Giant)
Fibroadenoma
***The first node that drains lymphatic fluid from a specific area of the breast. Usually
found in the axilla. - CORRECT ANSWER: Sentinel node
, ***The most common benign solid tumor of the breast. - CORRECT ANSWER:
Fibroadenoma
***The most common disorder of the breast which accounts for nearly half of all surgical
procedures. - CORRECT ANSWER: ***Fibrocystic changes
***Thick echogenic halo which usually indicates tumor invasion with fibrotic host
response. - CORRECT ANSWER: ***Desmoplasia
***Types of discharge that MAY indicate breast cancer are: (4) - CORRECT ANSWER:
***Serous (clear, yellow)
Serosanguinous (Pink, both serous and bloody)
Sanguineous (Red, bloody)
Watery (clear, pale yellow)
***What is the most common non-invasive cancer--and the 2nd most common breast
caner overall? - CORRECT ANSWER: DCIS
**Gynecomastia may present as (5) - CORRECT ANSWER: Breast enlargement
Palpable subareolar nodule**
Breast tenderness/soreness
Skin thickening
Possible nipple discharge
**Mammography is the most effective imaging method for detecting _______.
Sonography is not particularly useful in evaluating DCIS especially if no distinct mass is
seen. - CORRECT ANSWER: DCIS
**Most cancers arise from the ___________, and a larger percentage of cancers are
located in the ___________ quadrant. - CORRECT ANSWER: TDLU, Upper outter