PNUR 3350: Pharmacology 2025/2026
Exam Questions with 100% Correct
Answers | Latest Update
Why do we need to know about medications we are giving? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔To
give safe and competent care
Why is critical thinking important in pharmacology? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Because
sometimes there is a medication that will kill someone if you give it to them in that
instance.
What is diabetes mellitus? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A disorder of carbohydrate
metabolism wherein there is a deficiency of insulin, resistance of tissues to insulin
or both
What does the Pancreas do - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔produces enzymes for digestion, It
secretes juices that raise the pH of the small intestine
What do the Islets of Langerhans do? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔secrete insulin and
glucagon
,What cells does the Islets of Langerhan contain? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Alpha and Beta
cells
Where are the Islets of Langerhans located? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔In the Pancreas
What do Alpha cells do in the islets of Langerhan? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔When blood
sugars are low, Alpha cells come out to play by releasing glucose
What do Beta cells do in the islets of Langerhan? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔When blood
sugars are high, Beta cells come out to play by releasing insulin
What are normal blood glucose levels for someone not diabetic - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔4-6 mmol/L
What are normal blood glucose levels for someone who is diabetic - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔4-7 mmol/L
What is the pathophysiology of Diabetes Melitus? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔There are two
ways DM may arise
1. Destruction of Beta cells thus interfering with the release of Insulin causing a
deficiency
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
2
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,2. Defective insulin receptors on tissues (Thus interfering with the transport of
glucose into cells)
Either way, this will interfere with the inuslin / glucagon balance thus giving rise to
hyperglycemia
Cardinal signs of Hyperglycemia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Polyuria (Excessive urination.
Bladder goes WHOOSH)
Polydipsia (Excessive thrist)
Polyphagia (Excessive hunger)
Weight Loss (Your body can't use glucose, it's gonna burn fat)
Blurred vision
Fatigue
And more, but those are the big ones.
What are the four types of diabetes? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
3
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Gestational Diabetes
Diabetes secondary to a different condition
Type 1 diabetes "fun" facts - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Onset: Abrupt
10% of all diabetes cases
Most common in children / adolescents
Caused by an autoimmune destruction of beta cells drastically reducing the release
of insulin
Clients are prone to Ketosis (Using body fats for energy)
Fasting blood glucose > 7.0 mmol/L or Hg A1c > 7%
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
4
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Exam Questions with 100% Correct
Answers | Latest Update
Why do we need to know about medications we are giving? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔To
give safe and competent care
Why is critical thinking important in pharmacology? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Because
sometimes there is a medication that will kill someone if you give it to them in that
instance.
What is diabetes mellitus? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A disorder of carbohydrate
metabolism wherein there is a deficiency of insulin, resistance of tissues to insulin
or both
What does the Pancreas do - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔produces enzymes for digestion, It
secretes juices that raise the pH of the small intestine
What do the Islets of Langerhans do? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔secrete insulin and
glucagon
,What cells does the Islets of Langerhan contain? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Alpha and Beta
cells
Where are the Islets of Langerhans located? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔In the Pancreas
What do Alpha cells do in the islets of Langerhan? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔When blood
sugars are low, Alpha cells come out to play by releasing glucose
What do Beta cells do in the islets of Langerhan? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔When blood
sugars are high, Beta cells come out to play by releasing insulin
What are normal blood glucose levels for someone not diabetic - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔4-6 mmol/L
What are normal blood glucose levels for someone who is diabetic - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔4-7 mmol/L
What is the pathophysiology of Diabetes Melitus? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔There are two
ways DM may arise
1. Destruction of Beta cells thus interfering with the release of Insulin causing a
deficiency
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
2
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,2. Defective insulin receptors on tissues (Thus interfering with the transport of
glucose into cells)
Either way, this will interfere with the inuslin / glucagon balance thus giving rise to
hyperglycemia
Cardinal signs of Hyperglycemia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Polyuria (Excessive urination.
Bladder goes WHOOSH)
Polydipsia (Excessive thrist)
Polyphagia (Excessive hunger)
Weight Loss (Your body can't use glucose, it's gonna burn fat)
Blurred vision
Fatigue
And more, but those are the big ones.
What are the four types of diabetes? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
3
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Gestational Diabetes
Diabetes secondary to a different condition
Type 1 diabetes "fun" facts - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Onset: Abrupt
10% of all diabetes cases
Most common in children / adolescents
Caused by an autoimmune destruction of beta cells drastically reducing the release
of insulin
Clients are prone to Ketosis (Using body fats for energy)
Fasting blood glucose > 7.0 mmol/L or Hg A1c > 7%
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
4
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
