Test Bank For Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications 5th Edition By Stephen M. Stahl All Chapters 1-13 LATEST

Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
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,Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
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Stahl'sEssentialPsychopharmacology l l



Neuroscientific llBasis land llPractical llApplications l l 5th llEdition llTestbank/Study llGuide

Chapter 1 Chemical neurotransmission ll ll ll


MULTIPLE CHOICE ll


1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is a
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c hemical disorder. What does she mean? The nurses response is based on the
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theoryth at depression primarily involves which of the following
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neurotransmitters?
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a. Cortisol and GABA ll ll



b. COMT and glutamate ll ll



c. Monamine and glycine ll ll



d. Serotonin and norepinephrine ll ll


ANS: D
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One possible cause of depression is thought to involve one or more neurotransmitters.
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Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of
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dep ression. There is no research to support that the other options play a significant
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role in t he development of depression.
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2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted
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in damage to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce
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this d iagnosis?
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a. Observing the patient pick up a spoon l l ll l ll ll



b. Asking the patient to recite the alphabet l l ll ll l ll



c. Monitoring the patients blood pressure ll ll ll ll



d. Comparing the patients grip strength in both hands l l ll l ll l ll


ANS: B
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Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to speak (i.e.,
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motor aphasia). Fine motor skills, blood pressure control, and muscle strength are notc
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ontrolled by the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
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3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are a
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lways prescribed by the doctor. The nurses answer will be based on information that th
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e therapeutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
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a. The temporal lobe; especially Wernickes area l l l ll ll



b. Dendrites and their ability to transmit electrical impulses ll ll ll ll ll ll ll



c. The regulation of neurotransmitters especially dopamine
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d. The peripheral nervous system sensitivity to the psychotropic medications
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,Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
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Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide
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ANS: C ll


Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders operate in and around the synaptic cleft a
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nd have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of
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schizophrenia, on dopamine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity
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of the peripheral ne rvous system are not relevant to either schizophrenia or
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psychotropic medications.
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4. A student nurse mutters that it seems entirely unnecessary to have to struggle
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with u nderstanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The
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mentor woul d base a response on the understanding that it is:
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Necessary but generally for psychiatric nurses who focus primarily on l l ll ll l l ll ll sr sr


a. behavioral interventions ll



A complex undertaking that advance practice psychiatric nurses frequently
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b. use i n their practice
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Important primarily for the nursing assessment of patients with brain t ll ll ll ll ll ll ll sr ll sr


c. raumacaused cognitive symptoms
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Necessary for planning psychiatric care for all patients especially those ll ll ll ll ll ll sr ll ll


d. experiencing psychiatric disorders
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ANS: D ll


Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a
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neurolo gic basis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This
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understanding fac ilitates effective care planning. The foundation of knowledge is
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not used exclusively b y advanced practice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant for
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only behavior therapies or brain trauma since dealing with the results of normal and
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abnormal brain function is a responsibility of all nurses providing all types of
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care tothe psychiatric patient.
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5. A patient asks the nurse, My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused by herc
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hronic depression? Which response is supported by research data?
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a. Too much stress has been proven to cause all kinds of cancer. l ll sr l l ll ll ll l ll ll



b. There have been no research studies done on stress and disease yet.
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c. Stress does cause the release of factors that suppress the immune system.
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d. There appears to be little connection between stress and diseases of the body sr l l ll l ll l ll ll ll ll l


ANS: C
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Research indicates that stress causes a release of corticotropin-
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releasing factors that suppress the immune system. Studies indicate that psychiatric dis
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orders such as mooddisorders are sometimes associated with decreased functioning of t
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he immune system.Research does not support a connection between many cancers
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and stress. There is a significant amount of research about stress and the body.
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Research ha s shown that there are some connections between stress and physical
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disease.
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, Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
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Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide
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6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric rehabilitat
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ion needs. Of the aspects of functioning listed, which will the nurse identifyas a
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focus of nursing intervention?
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a. Expression of emotion ll ll



b. Detecting auditory stimuli ll ll



c. Receiving visual images l ll



d. Processing associations ll


ANS: D
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The parietal lobe is responsible for associating and processing sensory information tha
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t allows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock,
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dressing self, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional
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expression is associated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is
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a temporal lobe fun ction. Receiving visual images is related to occipital lobe
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function.
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7. At admission, the nurse learns that some time ago the patient had an infarct in ther
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ight cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find that the
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patie nt:
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a. Demonstrates major deficiencies in speech ll ll ll ll



b. Is unable to effectively hold a spoon in the left hand
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c. Has difficulty explaining how to go about using the telephone
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d. Cannot use his right hand to shave himself or comb his own hair ll ll l ll ll sr sr ll ll ll ll ll


ANS: B
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The cerebral hemispheres are responsible for functions such as control of muscles. The
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right hemisphere mainly controls the motor and sensory functions on the left side of th
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e body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on the left side of
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th e body. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity. Brocas area controls
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moto r speech. Cognitive functions are attributed to the association cortex.
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The right side of the bodys motor activity is controlled by the left cerebral cortex.
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8. A patient with chronic schizophrenia had a stroke involving the hippocampus.
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The p atient will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The nurse will need to
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individu alize the patients medication teaching by:
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a. Including the patients caregiver in the education ll ll ll ll ll ll


b. Being careful to stress the importance of taking the medication as prescribed l ll l l l l ll sr ll ll l



ll Providing the education at a time when the patient is emotionally calm ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll



and r
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c. elaxed
Encouraging the patient to crush or dissolve the medication to help withs ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll


d. wallowing ll


ANS: A ll




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