CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 160 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the four ways to generate cell homogenate - answer-1) detergent to break membrane
2) shove it through a small space with a lot of pressure - needle
3) grinding
4) high levels of frequency- ultrasound
Name the three common types of column chromatography for protein separation. Also describe the
materials used in the column and how they separate proteins for each chromatography - answer-1)
ionexchange chromatography: uses beads that are charged to separate proteins by charge
2) Gel-filtration chromatography: uses porous beads to filter by size
3) affinity chromatography: uses beads coated with proteins/molecules to purify by interacting with
specific proteins
Accodring to the base pairing rule, you would expect any section of DNA to contain equal numbers of
A. A and T
B. A and G
C. C and T
D. A, G, T, and C - answer-A
Which of the following is NOT found in RNA
A. Adenine
B. Deoxyribose
C. Uracil
D. Phosphate - answer-B
The chemical bond that links nucleotides to form nucleic acid is called
A. peptide bond
,B. glycosidic Bond
C. Phosphodiester bond
D. hydrogen bond - answer-C
Huntington's disease is a DOMINANT disease (caused by the H allele). A couple both heterozygous for
the disease will have a _______% chance to have a normal child.
A. 100
B. 75
C. 50
D. 25 - answer-D
Human height is a trait that shows continuous variations in the population *shown on the right). Which
of the following is FALSE about the human height trait?
A. it follows Mendel's law and shows a 3:1 ratio
B. it is determined by multiple genes
C. the trait shows continuous variation
D. it is also called quantitative trait - answer-A
If a child belonged to blood type O, he or she could not have been produced by which set of parents?
A. type O mother and type O father
B. Type A mother and Type O father
C. type AB mother and type O father
D. Type A mother and type B father - answer-C
DNA replication starts at ori sites that have the following features EXCEPT
A. they usually form more hydrogen bonds than non-ori sites
B. they are about 100 bp long
C. they are binding sites for initiator proteins
D. they often have a stretch of A-T nucleotides - answer-A
, Which of the following is TRUE about the 'New Strand A'
A. it is replicated by DNA polymerase 1
B. it is called the lagging strand because it is replicated slower than strand B
C. It is composed of RNA instead of DNA
D. it is being replicated from 5' --> 3' - answer-D
Which enzyme joins okazaki fragments?
A. DNA polymerase 1
B. DNA helicase
C. restriction enzyme
D. DNA ligase - answer-D
Which of the following is TRUE about telomeres?
A. Telomeres contain ori sites for DNA replication to start from ends
B. Telomeres become shorter in aged cells
C. RNA polymerase starts transcription at telomeres
D. DNA polymerase III is responsible for maintaining the normal length of telomeres - answer-B
Depurination is a type of DNA damage. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. It is usually caused by reactive oxygen species
B. there is no repair enzyme for depurination
C. if unrepaired, it usually leads to a point mutation
D. DNA polymerase III usually can detect and repair it - answer-A
What is a distinguishing feature of the sites recognized and cleaved by restriction endonucleases?
A. The DNA forms a hairpin
B. the DNA contains fewer hydrogen bonds
NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 160 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the four ways to generate cell homogenate - answer-1) detergent to break membrane
2) shove it through a small space with a lot of pressure - needle
3) grinding
4) high levels of frequency- ultrasound
Name the three common types of column chromatography for protein separation. Also describe the
materials used in the column and how they separate proteins for each chromatography - answer-1)
ionexchange chromatography: uses beads that are charged to separate proteins by charge
2) Gel-filtration chromatography: uses porous beads to filter by size
3) affinity chromatography: uses beads coated with proteins/molecules to purify by interacting with
specific proteins
Accodring to the base pairing rule, you would expect any section of DNA to contain equal numbers of
A. A and T
B. A and G
C. C and T
D. A, G, T, and C - answer-A
Which of the following is NOT found in RNA
A. Adenine
B. Deoxyribose
C. Uracil
D. Phosphate - answer-B
The chemical bond that links nucleotides to form nucleic acid is called
A. peptide bond
,B. glycosidic Bond
C. Phosphodiester bond
D. hydrogen bond - answer-C
Huntington's disease is a DOMINANT disease (caused by the H allele). A couple both heterozygous for
the disease will have a _______% chance to have a normal child.
A. 100
B. 75
C. 50
D. 25 - answer-D
Human height is a trait that shows continuous variations in the population *shown on the right). Which
of the following is FALSE about the human height trait?
A. it follows Mendel's law and shows a 3:1 ratio
B. it is determined by multiple genes
C. the trait shows continuous variation
D. it is also called quantitative trait - answer-A
If a child belonged to blood type O, he or she could not have been produced by which set of parents?
A. type O mother and type O father
B. Type A mother and Type O father
C. type AB mother and type O father
D. Type A mother and type B father - answer-C
DNA replication starts at ori sites that have the following features EXCEPT
A. they usually form more hydrogen bonds than non-ori sites
B. they are about 100 bp long
C. they are binding sites for initiator proteins
D. they often have a stretch of A-T nucleotides - answer-A
, Which of the following is TRUE about the 'New Strand A'
A. it is replicated by DNA polymerase 1
B. it is called the lagging strand because it is replicated slower than strand B
C. It is composed of RNA instead of DNA
D. it is being replicated from 5' --> 3' - answer-D
Which enzyme joins okazaki fragments?
A. DNA polymerase 1
B. DNA helicase
C. restriction enzyme
D. DNA ligase - answer-D
Which of the following is TRUE about telomeres?
A. Telomeres contain ori sites for DNA replication to start from ends
B. Telomeres become shorter in aged cells
C. RNA polymerase starts transcription at telomeres
D. DNA polymerase III is responsible for maintaining the normal length of telomeres - answer-B
Depurination is a type of DNA damage. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. It is usually caused by reactive oxygen species
B. there is no repair enzyme for depurination
C. if unrepaired, it usually leads to a point mutation
D. DNA polymerase III usually can detect and repair it - answer-A
What is a distinguishing feature of the sites recognized and cleaved by restriction endonucleases?
A. The DNA forms a hairpin
B. the DNA contains fewer hydrogen bonds
