A+
Gabby- ch 1 & 2 Intro to Law NYPD
2025/2026 Exam Questions with 100%
Correct Answers | Latest Update
What is a law? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a set of rules formulated by government and
interpreted by the courts
What is Justice? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The application of law and partially; doing the
right thing for the right reasons
What is social contract? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔people surrender some freedoms in
exchange for protection by society
What is criminal law? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔wrong against society, punishable by
arrest/prison
What a civil law? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔( tort ) a wrong against an individual
What is a civil legal action? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔lawsuit
What is a legal standards of proof? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔probable cause
preponderance of the evidence
clear and convincing evidence
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, A+
beyond a reasonable doubt
What is probable cause - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔reasonable grounds for a search... must
exist when making an arrest!!
What is preponderance of the evidence - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔used in civil cases or to
raise an affirmative defense in a criminal court 51% or tip the scale
What is clear and convincing evidence - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔( highly probable) used in
traffic court for standard proof
What is beyond a reasonable doubt - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔used in criminal trials,
jurorers must agree, is the highest standard in law (99%)
What is in offense? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔any conduct with jail/fine can be imposed
What are two types of crimes - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔felony
misdemeanor
What is a felony? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔is punishable by imprisonment in a state or
federal penitentiary for more than 1 year.
What is a misdemeanor? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Less serious crime, punishable for 15
days and no more than a year In a city or county jail
What are two types of petty offenses? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔violation
traffic infraction
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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What is a violation? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔punishable up to 15 days in jail or a fine in a
city or county jail
What is a traffic infraction? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔usually requires a fine
What are the four sources of law? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(TESC)
The United States Constitution
English common law
Statutes
Case law
What is the English common law? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔presumption of innocence,
right to cross examines one's accusers
What is the United States Constitution? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bill of Rights...
fundamental written law of the United States...
to limit government authority
What are statutes (penal law)? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔written laws enacted by
legislatures
What are court decisions? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Case law
What branch is article one And what does it do? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔legislative
branch, makes the laws
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, A+
What branch is article 2 And what does it do? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Executive Branch,
enforces the laws
What branch is article 3 And what does it do? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Judicial Branch,
interprets the laws
What is the first amendment? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(RASPP)
Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition
What is the second amendment? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Right to bear arms depending
on state
What is the Fourth amendment? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔freedom from unreasonable
searches and seizures, requires probable cause
What is the exclusionary rule? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔If evidence is obtained illegally, it
will be suppressed at court ( pre-trial/suppression hearings)
What is the fifth amendment? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔REDDS
Right to grand jury
Eminent domain
Double jeopardy
Due process
Self-incrimination
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 4
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Gabby- ch 1 & 2 Intro to Law NYPD
2025/2026 Exam Questions with 100%
Correct Answers | Latest Update
What is a law? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a set of rules formulated by government and
interpreted by the courts
What is Justice? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The application of law and partially; doing the
right thing for the right reasons
What is social contract? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔people surrender some freedoms in
exchange for protection by society
What is criminal law? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔wrong against society, punishable by
arrest/prison
What a civil law? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔( tort ) a wrong against an individual
What is a civil legal action? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔lawsuit
What is a legal standards of proof? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔probable cause
preponderance of the evidence
clear and convincing evidence
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, A+
beyond a reasonable doubt
What is probable cause - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔reasonable grounds for a search... must
exist when making an arrest!!
What is preponderance of the evidence - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔used in civil cases or to
raise an affirmative defense in a criminal court 51% or tip the scale
What is clear and convincing evidence - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔( highly probable) used in
traffic court for standard proof
What is beyond a reasonable doubt - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔used in criminal trials,
jurorers must agree, is the highest standard in law (99%)
What is in offense? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔any conduct with jail/fine can be imposed
What are two types of crimes - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔felony
misdemeanor
What is a felony? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔is punishable by imprisonment in a state or
federal penitentiary for more than 1 year.
What is a misdemeanor? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Less serious crime, punishable for 15
days and no more than a year In a city or county jail
What are two types of petty offenses? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔violation
traffic infraction
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, A+
What is a violation? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔punishable up to 15 days in jail or a fine in a
city or county jail
What is a traffic infraction? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔usually requires a fine
What are the four sources of law? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(TESC)
The United States Constitution
English common law
Statutes
Case law
What is the English common law? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔presumption of innocence,
right to cross examines one's accusers
What is the United States Constitution? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bill of Rights...
fundamental written law of the United States...
to limit government authority
What are statutes (penal law)? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔written laws enacted by
legislatures
What are court decisions? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Case law
What branch is article one And what does it do? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔legislative
branch, makes the laws
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, A+
What branch is article 2 And what does it do? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Executive Branch,
enforces the laws
What branch is article 3 And what does it do? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Judicial Branch,
interprets the laws
What is the first amendment? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(RASPP)
Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition
What is the second amendment? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Right to bear arms depending
on state
What is the Fourth amendment? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔freedom from unreasonable
searches and seizures, requires probable cause
What is the exclusionary rule? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔If evidence is obtained illegally, it
will be suppressed at court ( pre-trial/suppression hearings)
What is the fifth amendment? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔REDDS
Right to grand jury
Eminent domain
Double jeopardy
Due process
Self-incrimination
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 4
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
