TEST BANK FOR
PILBEAM'S MECHANICAL
VENTILATION:
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND
CLINICAL
APPLICATIONS 7TH
EDITION BY JAMES M.
CAIRO(ALL CHAPTERS
COVRED) ISBN:978-
0323551274
,Chapter 1; Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The body’s mechanism for conducting air in and out of the lungs is known as which of the
following?
a. External respiration
b. Internal respiration
c. Spontaneous ventilation
d. Mechanical ventilation
ANS: C
The conduction of air in and out of the body is known as ventilation. Since the question asks for the
body’s mechanism, this would be spontaneous ventilation. External respiration involves the exchange of
oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal
respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves movement of oxygen from the systemic blood into
the cells.
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3
2. Which of the following are involved in external respiration?
a. Red blood cells and body cells
b. Scalenes and trapezius
muscles
c. Alveoli and pulmonary
capillaries
d. External oblique and
transverse abdominal muscles
,ANS: C
External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the alveoli and
the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves movement of
oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells.
Scalene and trapezius muscles are accessory muscles of inspiration. External oblique and transverse
abdominal muscles are accessory muscles of expiration.
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3
3. The graph that shows intrapleural pressure changes during normal spontaneous breathing is
depicted by which of the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: B
During spontaneous breathing the intrapleural pressure drops from about -5 cm H2O at end-expiration
to about -10 cm H2O at end-inspiration. The graph depicted for answer B shows that change from -5 cm
H2O to -10 cm H2O.
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 4
4. During spontaneous inspiration alveolar pressure (PA) is about:
.
, a. - 1 cm H2O
b. + 1 cm H2O
c. 0 cm H2O
d. 5 cm H2O
ANS: A
-1 cm H2O is the lowest alveolar pressure will become during normal spontaneous ventilation. During
the exhalation of a normal spontaneous breath the alveolar pressure will become +1 cm H2O.
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3
5. The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as which of the following?
a. Transairway pressure (PTA )
b. Transthoracic pressure (PTT)
c. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR)
d. Transpulmonary pressure (PL)
ANS: D
The definition of transpulmonary pressure (PL) is the pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation.
Transairway pressure (PTA ) is the pressure gradient required to produce airflow in the conducting tubes.
Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) is the pressure to inflate the lungs and airways during positive pressure
ventilation. Transthoracic pressure (PTT) represents the pressure required to expand or contract the
lungs and the chest wall at the same time.
PILBEAM'S MECHANICAL
VENTILATION:
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND
CLINICAL
APPLICATIONS 7TH
EDITION BY JAMES M.
CAIRO(ALL CHAPTERS
COVRED) ISBN:978-
0323551274
,Chapter 1; Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The body’s mechanism for conducting air in and out of the lungs is known as which of the
following?
a. External respiration
b. Internal respiration
c. Spontaneous ventilation
d. Mechanical ventilation
ANS: C
The conduction of air in and out of the body is known as ventilation. Since the question asks for the
body’s mechanism, this would be spontaneous ventilation. External respiration involves the exchange of
oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal
respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves movement of oxygen from the systemic blood into
the cells.
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3
2. Which of the following are involved in external respiration?
a. Red blood cells and body cells
b. Scalenes and trapezius
muscles
c. Alveoli and pulmonary
capillaries
d. External oblique and
transverse abdominal muscles
,ANS: C
External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the alveoli and
the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves movement of
oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells.
Scalene and trapezius muscles are accessory muscles of inspiration. External oblique and transverse
abdominal muscles are accessory muscles of expiration.
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3
3. The graph that shows intrapleural pressure changes during normal spontaneous breathing is
depicted by which of the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: B
During spontaneous breathing the intrapleural pressure drops from about -5 cm H2O at end-expiration
to about -10 cm H2O at end-inspiration. The graph depicted for answer B shows that change from -5 cm
H2O to -10 cm H2O.
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 4
4. During spontaneous inspiration alveolar pressure (PA) is about:
.
, a. - 1 cm H2O
b. + 1 cm H2O
c. 0 cm H2O
d. 5 cm H2O
ANS: A
-1 cm H2O is the lowest alveolar pressure will become during normal spontaneous ventilation. During
the exhalation of a normal spontaneous breath the alveolar pressure will become +1 cm H2O.
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3
5. The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as which of the following?
a. Transairway pressure (PTA )
b. Transthoracic pressure (PTT)
c. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR)
d. Transpulmonary pressure (PL)
ANS: D
The definition of transpulmonary pressure (PL) is the pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation.
Transairway pressure (PTA ) is the pressure gradient required to produce airflow in the conducting tubes.
Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) is the pressure to inflate the lungs and airways during positive pressure
ventilation. Transthoracic pressure (PTT) represents the pressure required to expand or contract the
lungs and the chest wall at the same time.
