WEST COAST UNIVERSITY MED-SURG II HESI REVIEW
EXAM – 2025 |180 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ACCURATE
ANSWERS
1. What does INR stand for in the context of warfarin sodium administration?
Intravenous Nutrient Ratio
Internal Nephron Regulation
Intraoperative Nursing Review
International Normalized Ratio
2. Discuss why obesity and estrogen-based oral contraceptives increase the
risk of thrombophlebitis in patients.
These factors decrease blood flow, which prevents
thrombophlebitis.
Obesity and estrogen do not affect blood clotting mechanisms.
These conditions only affect the risk of diabetes, not
thrombophlebitis.
Obesity and estrogen-based oral contraceptives can lead to
increased blood clotting and venous stasis, raising the risk of
thrombophlebitis.
3. What is a key consideration for a nurse when developing a teaching plan for
a client undergoing radiation therapy after gastric cancer surgery?
Access to community resources.
,It guarantees that the client will not experience any post-operative
complications.
It allows the nurse to administer medications without further consent.
It ensures that the client has agreed to the procedure and
understands the risks involved.
, It confirms that the client has completed all pre-operative tests.
5. What is the primary action a nurse should take to prevent wound infection
during dressing changes?
Clean the incisional area with an antiseptic.
Place soiled dressings in a waterproof bag before disposing of
them.
Observe careful handwashing procedures.
Use prepackaged sterile dressings to cover the incision.
6. Why is it important for a client on metoprolol to report any fainting spells to
their healthcare provider?
Fainting spells may indicate a significant drop in blood pressure or
heart rate.
Fainting spells are unrelated to the medication's effects.
Fainting spells indicate the medication is working effectively.
Fainting spells are a common side effect of all medications.
7. If a client on acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) continues to experience prolonged
bleeding despite applying an ice pack, what should the nurse advise next?
Continue applying ice packs every 20 minutes until bleeding stops.
Seek medical attention for further evaluation and management.
Increase fluid intake to help with blood clotting.
Switch to a different over-the-counter pain reliever.
8. A nurse is providing education to a patient who is prescribed an estrogen-
based birth control method. The patient has a body mass index (BMI) in the
obese range. What important information should the nurse convey to the
patient regarding the potential risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
"Obesity does not increase the risk of DVT when taking estrogen-
, "As long as you maintain a healthy lifestyle, there is no risk of DVT
with estrogen-based birth control, even with obesity."
9. Describe how the administration of SSKI contributes to the safety of a
patient undergoing thyroid surgery.
SSKI slows the progression of exophthalmos, improving the patient's
condition.
SSKI increases the body's ability to excrete thyroxine, reducing
hormone levels.
SSKI reduces the vascularity of the thyroid gland, making it less
friable and safer to operate on.
SSKI decreases the body's ability to store thyroxine, preventing
hormone overload.
10. A nurse assesses that a postoperative patient has a decreased blood
pressure and weak, thready pulse and concludes that the patient may be
hemorrhaging. For which additional signs of hemorrhage should the nurse
assess the patient?
Pain
Jaundice
Hyperthermia
Tachycardia
11. Nurse has provided education for a client with diabetes mellitus prescribed
metoprolol (Lopressor) for hypertension. Which statement made by the
client indicates an understanding of the information?
"I might need more insulin when I take metoprolol (Lopressor)."
"I might need less insulin when I take metoprolol (Lopressor)."
"I might not need to check my blood sugars as often with
metoprolol (Lopressor)."
EXAM – 2025 |180 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ACCURATE
ANSWERS
1. What does INR stand for in the context of warfarin sodium administration?
Intravenous Nutrient Ratio
Internal Nephron Regulation
Intraoperative Nursing Review
International Normalized Ratio
2. Discuss why obesity and estrogen-based oral contraceptives increase the
risk of thrombophlebitis in patients.
These factors decrease blood flow, which prevents
thrombophlebitis.
Obesity and estrogen do not affect blood clotting mechanisms.
These conditions only affect the risk of diabetes, not
thrombophlebitis.
Obesity and estrogen-based oral contraceptives can lead to
increased blood clotting and venous stasis, raising the risk of
thrombophlebitis.
3. What is a key consideration for a nurse when developing a teaching plan for
a client undergoing radiation therapy after gastric cancer surgery?
Access to community resources.
,It guarantees that the client will not experience any post-operative
complications.
It allows the nurse to administer medications without further consent.
It ensures that the client has agreed to the procedure and
understands the risks involved.
, It confirms that the client has completed all pre-operative tests.
5. What is the primary action a nurse should take to prevent wound infection
during dressing changes?
Clean the incisional area with an antiseptic.
Place soiled dressings in a waterproof bag before disposing of
them.
Observe careful handwashing procedures.
Use prepackaged sterile dressings to cover the incision.
6. Why is it important for a client on metoprolol to report any fainting spells to
their healthcare provider?
Fainting spells may indicate a significant drop in blood pressure or
heart rate.
Fainting spells are unrelated to the medication's effects.
Fainting spells indicate the medication is working effectively.
Fainting spells are a common side effect of all medications.
7. If a client on acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) continues to experience prolonged
bleeding despite applying an ice pack, what should the nurse advise next?
Continue applying ice packs every 20 minutes until bleeding stops.
Seek medical attention for further evaluation and management.
Increase fluid intake to help with blood clotting.
Switch to a different over-the-counter pain reliever.
8. A nurse is providing education to a patient who is prescribed an estrogen-
based birth control method. The patient has a body mass index (BMI) in the
obese range. What important information should the nurse convey to the
patient regarding the potential risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
"Obesity does not increase the risk of DVT when taking estrogen-
, "As long as you maintain a healthy lifestyle, there is no risk of DVT
with estrogen-based birth control, even with obesity."
9. Describe how the administration of SSKI contributes to the safety of a
patient undergoing thyroid surgery.
SSKI slows the progression of exophthalmos, improving the patient's
condition.
SSKI increases the body's ability to excrete thyroxine, reducing
hormone levels.
SSKI reduces the vascularity of the thyroid gland, making it less
friable and safer to operate on.
SSKI decreases the body's ability to store thyroxine, preventing
hormone overload.
10. A nurse assesses that a postoperative patient has a decreased blood
pressure and weak, thready pulse and concludes that the patient may be
hemorrhaging. For which additional signs of hemorrhage should the nurse
assess the patient?
Pain
Jaundice
Hyperthermia
Tachycardia
11. Nurse has provided education for a client with diabetes mellitus prescribed
metoprolol (Lopressor) for hypertension. Which statement made by the
client indicates an understanding of the information?
"I might need more insulin when I take metoprolol (Lopressor)."
"I might need less insulin when I take metoprolol (Lopressor)."
"I might not need to check my blood sugars as often with
metoprolol (Lopressor)."
