Fundamentals of nursing 9th edition with all questions and answers 2024/2025.
1
,Chapter 41: Oxygenation
Fundamentals of Nursing, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A nurse is teaching staff about the conduction of the heart. In which order will
the nurse present the conduction cycle, starting with the first structure?
1. Bundle of His
2. Purkinje network
3. Intraatrial pathways
4. Sinoatrial (SA) node
5. Atrioventricular (AV) node
a. 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
b. 4, 3, 5, 1, 2
c. 4, 5, 3, 1, 2 .
d. 5, 3, 4, 2, 1
ANS: B
The conduction system originates with the SA node, the “pacemaker” of the heart. The
electrical impulses are transmitted through the atria along intraatrial pathways to the AV
node. It assists atrial emptying by delaying the impulse before transmitting it through the
Bundle of His and the ventricular Purkinje network.
2. A nurse is teaching the patient with mitral valve problems about the valves in the
heart. Starting on the right side of the heart, describe the sequence of the blood
flow through these valves.
1. Mitral
2. Aortic
3. Tricuspid
Fundamentals of nursing 9th edition 2024/2025. 2
,4. Pulmonic
a. 1, 3, 2, 4
b. 4, 3, 2, 1
c. 3, 4, 1, 2
d. 2, 4, 1, 3
ANS: C
The blood flows through the valves in the following direction: tricuspid, pulmonic, mitral,
and aortic.
3. A nurse explains the function of the alveoli to a patient with respiratory problems.
Which information about the alveoli’s function will the nurse share with the patient?
a. Carries out gas
exchange
b. Regulates tidal volume .
c. Produces hemoglobin
d. Stores oxygen
ANS: A
The alveolus is a capillary membrane that allows gas exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide during respiration. The alveoli do not store oxygen, regulate tidal volume, or
produce hemoglobin.
4. A nurse auscultates heart sounds. When the nurse hears S2, which valves is the
nurse hearing close?
a. Aortic and mitral
b. Mitral and tricuspid
c. Aortic and pulmonic
d. Mitral and pulmonic
Fundamentals of nursing 9th edition 2024/2025. 3
, ANS: C
As the ventricles empty, the ventricular pressures decrease, allowing closure of the
aortic and pulmonic valves, producing the second heart sound, S2. The mitral and
tricuspid produce the first heart sound, S1. The aortic and mitral do not close at the
same time. The mitral and pulmonic do not close at the same time.
5. The nurse is teaching about the process of exchanging gases through the
alveolar capillary membrane. Which term will the nurse use to describe this process?
a. Ventilation
b. Surfactant
c. Perfusion
d. Diffusion
ANS: D
Diffusion is the process of gases exchanging across the alveoli and capillaries of body
tissues.Ventilation is the process of m o v Ni nUgRgSaI Ns eGs Ti Bn .t Co OaMn d out of the lungs.
Surfactant is a chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the
alveoli and keep them from collapsing. Perfusion is the ability of the cardiovascular
system to carry oxygenated blood to tissues and return deoxygenated blood to the heart.
6. A nurse is caring for a patient who was in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in
cervical trauma to C4. Which assessment is the priority?
a. Pulse
b. Respirations
c. Temperature
d. Blood pressure
ANS: B
Respirations and oxygen saturation are the priorities. Cervical trauma at C3 to C5
usually results in paralysis of the phrenic nerve. When the phrenic nerve is damaged,
the diaphragm does not descend properly, thus reducing inspiratory lung volumes and
causing hypoxemia. While pulse
Fundamentals of nursing 9th edition 2024/2025. 4
1
,Chapter 41: Oxygenation
Fundamentals of Nursing, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A nurse is teaching staff about the conduction of the heart. In which order will
the nurse present the conduction cycle, starting with the first structure?
1. Bundle of His
2. Purkinje network
3. Intraatrial pathways
4. Sinoatrial (SA) node
5. Atrioventricular (AV) node
a. 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
b. 4, 3, 5, 1, 2
c. 4, 5, 3, 1, 2 .
d. 5, 3, 4, 2, 1
ANS: B
The conduction system originates with the SA node, the “pacemaker” of the heart. The
electrical impulses are transmitted through the atria along intraatrial pathways to the AV
node. It assists atrial emptying by delaying the impulse before transmitting it through the
Bundle of His and the ventricular Purkinje network.
2. A nurse is teaching the patient with mitral valve problems about the valves in the
heart. Starting on the right side of the heart, describe the sequence of the blood
flow through these valves.
1. Mitral
2. Aortic
3. Tricuspid
Fundamentals of nursing 9th edition 2024/2025. 2
,4. Pulmonic
a. 1, 3, 2, 4
b. 4, 3, 2, 1
c. 3, 4, 1, 2
d. 2, 4, 1, 3
ANS: C
The blood flows through the valves in the following direction: tricuspid, pulmonic, mitral,
and aortic.
3. A nurse explains the function of the alveoli to a patient with respiratory problems.
Which information about the alveoli’s function will the nurse share with the patient?
a. Carries out gas
exchange
b. Regulates tidal volume .
c. Produces hemoglobin
d. Stores oxygen
ANS: A
The alveolus is a capillary membrane that allows gas exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide during respiration. The alveoli do not store oxygen, regulate tidal volume, or
produce hemoglobin.
4. A nurse auscultates heart sounds. When the nurse hears S2, which valves is the
nurse hearing close?
a. Aortic and mitral
b. Mitral and tricuspid
c. Aortic and pulmonic
d. Mitral and pulmonic
Fundamentals of nursing 9th edition 2024/2025. 3
, ANS: C
As the ventricles empty, the ventricular pressures decrease, allowing closure of the
aortic and pulmonic valves, producing the second heart sound, S2. The mitral and
tricuspid produce the first heart sound, S1. The aortic and mitral do not close at the
same time. The mitral and pulmonic do not close at the same time.
5. The nurse is teaching about the process of exchanging gases through the
alveolar capillary membrane. Which term will the nurse use to describe this process?
a. Ventilation
b. Surfactant
c. Perfusion
d. Diffusion
ANS: D
Diffusion is the process of gases exchanging across the alveoli and capillaries of body
tissues.Ventilation is the process of m o v Ni nUgRgSaI Ns eGs Ti Bn .t Co OaMn d out of the lungs.
Surfactant is a chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the
alveoli and keep them from collapsing. Perfusion is the ability of the cardiovascular
system to carry oxygenated blood to tissues and return deoxygenated blood to the heart.
6. A nurse is caring for a patient who was in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in
cervical trauma to C4. Which assessment is the priority?
a. Pulse
b. Respirations
c. Temperature
d. Blood pressure
ANS: B
Respirations and oxygen saturation are the priorities. Cervical trauma at C3 to C5
usually results in paralysis of the phrenic nerve. When the phrenic nerve is damaged,
the diaphragm does not descend properly, thus reducing inspiratory lung volumes and
causing hypoxemia. While pulse
Fundamentals of nursing 9th edition 2024/2025. 4
