INSTRUCTOR’S
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
JAMES LAPP
Colorado Mesa University
@
BIOSTATISTICS
BIOLOGICAL
FOR THE
A
AND HEALTH SCIENCES pl
SECOND EDITION us
Marc Triola
New York University School of Medicine
stu
Mario F. Triola
vi
Dutchess Community College a
Jason Roy
University of Pennsylvania Perelman
School of Medicine
@Aplusstuvia Aplusstuvia
, CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Introduction To Statistics
Section 1-1: Statistical and Critical Thinking............................................................................1
Section 1-2: Types of Data ........................................................................................................2
Section 1-3: Collecting Sample Data.........................................................................................3
Chapter Quick Quiz ...................................................................................................................5
Review Exercises .......................................................................................................................5
Cumulative Review Exercises ...................................................................................................6
Chapter 2: Exploring Data with Tables and Graphs
Section 2-1: Frequency Distributions for Organizing and Summarizing Data..........................7
Section 2-2: Histograms...........................................................................................................12
Section 2-3: Graphs That Enlighten and Graphs That Deceive...............................................14
Section 2-4: Scatterplots, Correlation, and Regression ...........................................................17
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Chapter Quick Quiz .................................................................................................................18
Review Exercises .....................................................................................................................18
Cumulative Review Exercises .................................................................................................20
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Chapter 3: Describing, Exploring, and Comparing Data
Section 3-1: Measures of Center..............................................................................................23
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Section 3-2: Measures of Variation .........................................................................................27
Section 3-3: Measures of Relative Standing and Boxplots......................................................31
Chapter Quick Quiz .................................................................................................................34
us
Review Exercises .....................................................................................................................35
Cumulative Review Exercises .................................................................................................35
Chapter 4: Probability stu
Section 4-1: Basic Concepts of Probability .............................................................................37
Section 4-2: Addition Rule and Multiplication Rule ...............................................................38
Section 4-3: Complements, Conditional Probability, and Bayes’ Theorem............................41
Section 4-5: Rates of Mortality, Fertility, and Morbidity........................................................44
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Section 4-4: Risks and Odds ....................................................................................................42
Section 4-6: Counting ..............................................................................................................46
Chapter Quick Quiz .................................................................................................................48
Review Exercises .....................................................................................................................48
Cumulative Review Exercises .................................................................................................49
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Chapter 5: Discrete Probability Distributions
Section 5-1: Probability Distributions .....................................................................................51
Section 5-2: Binomial Probability Distributions......................................................................52
Section 5-3: Poisson Probability Distributions ........................................................................55
Chapter Quick Quiz .................................................................................................................57
Review Exercises .....................................................................................................................58
Cumulative Review Exercises .................................................................................................59
@Aplusstuvia Aplusstuvia
, Chapter 6: Normal Probability Distributions
Section 6-1: The Standard Normal Distribution ......................................................................61
Section 6-2: Real Applications of Normal Distributions.........................................................62
Section 6-3: Sampling Distributions and Estimators ...............................................................65
Section 6-4: The Central Limit Theorem.................................................................................69
Section 6-5: Assessing Normality............................................................................................72
Section 6-6: Normal as Approximation to Binomial ...............................................................75
Chapter Quick Quiz .................................................................................................................77
Review Exercises .....................................................................................................................77
Cumulative Review Exercises .................................................................................................79
Chapter 7: Estimating Parameters and Determining Sample Sizes
Section 7-1: Estimating a Population Proportion.....................................................................81
Section 7-2: Estimating a Population Mean.............................................................................85
Section 7-3: Estimating a Population Standard Deviation or Variance...................................89
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Section 7-4: Bootstrapping: Using Technology for Estimates ................................................92
Chapter Quick Quiz .................................................................................................................94
Review Exercises .....................................................................................................................94
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Cumulative Review Exercises .................................................................................................96
Chapter 8: Hypothesis Testing
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Section 8-1: Basics of Hypothesis Testing ..............................................................................97
Section 8-2: Testing a Claim About a Proportion....................................................................99
Section 8-3: Testing a Claim About a Mean..........................................................................104
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Section 8-4: Testing a Claim About a Standard Deviation or Variance ................................108
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................110
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................111
stu
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................112
Chapter 9: Chapter 9: Inferences from Two Samples
Section 9-1: Two Proportions ................................................................................................115
Section 9-2: Two Means: Independent Samples....................................................................124 vi
Section 9-3: Two Dependent Samples (Matched Pairs) ........................................................130
Section 9-4: Two Variances or Standard Deviations.............................................................134
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................136
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................137
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................138
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Chapter 10: Correlation and Regression
Section 10-1: Correlation.......................................................................................................141
Section 10-2: Regression .......................................................................................................148
Section 10-3: Prediction Intervals and Variation...................................................................156
Section 10-4: Multiple Regression.........................................................................................159
Section 10-5: Dummy Variables and Logistic Regression ....................................................161
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................162
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................162
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................164
@Aplusstuvia Aplusstuvia
, Chapter 11: Goodness-of-Fit and Contingency Tables
Section 11-1: Goodness-of-Fit...............................................................................................167
Section 11-2: Contingency Tables .........................................................................................170
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................174
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................175
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................176
Chapter 12: Analysis of Variance
Section 12-1: One-Way ANOVA ..........................................................................................177
Section 12-2: Two-Way ANOVA .........................................................................................178
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................179
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................180
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................180
Chapter 13: Nonparametric Tests
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Section 13-2: Sign Test..........................................................................................................183
Section 13-3: Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Matched Pairs ............................................184
Section 13-4: Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test for Two Independent samples...............................185
Section 13-5: Kruskal-Wallis Test for Three or More Samples ............................................188
A
Section 13-6: Rank Correlation .............................................................................................190
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................191
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Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................192
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................192
Chapter 14: Survival Analysis us
Section 14-1: Life Tables.......................................................................................................195
Section 14-2: Kaplan-Meier Survival Analysis .....................................................................197
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................198
stu
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................199
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................200
vi
a
@Aplusstuvia Aplusstuvia
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
JAMES LAPP
Colorado Mesa University
@
BIOSTATISTICS
BIOLOGICAL
FOR THE
A
AND HEALTH SCIENCES pl
SECOND EDITION us
Marc Triola
New York University School of Medicine
stu
Mario F. Triola
vi
Dutchess Community College a
Jason Roy
University of Pennsylvania Perelman
School of Medicine
@Aplusstuvia Aplusstuvia
, CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Introduction To Statistics
Section 1-1: Statistical and Critical Thinking............................................................................1
Section 1-2: Types of Data ........................................................................................................2
Section 1-3: Collecting Sample Data.........................................................................................3
Chapter Quick Quiz ...................................................................................................................5
Review Exercises .......................................................................................................................5
Cumulative Review Exercises ...................................................................................................6
Chapter 2: Exploring Data with Tables and Graphs
Section 2-1: Frequency Distributions for Organizing and Summarizing Data..........................7
Section 2-2: Histograms...........................................................................................................12
Section 2-3: Graphs That Enlighten and Graphs That Deceive...............................................14
Section 2-4: Scatterplots, Correlation, and Regression ...........................................................17
@
Chapter Quick Quiz .................................................................................................................18
Review Exercises .....................................................................................................................18
Cumulative Review Exercises .................................................................................................20
A
Chapter 3: Describing, Exploring, and Comparing Data
Section 3-1: Measures of Center..............................................................................................23
pl
Section 3-2: Measures of Variation .........................................................................................27
Section 3-3: Measures of Relative Standing and Boxplots......................................................31
Chapter Quick Quiz .................................................................................................................34
us
Review Exercises .....................................................................................................................35
Cumulative Review Exercises .................................................................................................35
Chapter 4: Probability stu
Section 4-1: Basic Concepts of Probability .............................................................................37
Section 4-2: Addition Rule and Multiplication Rule ...............................................................38
Section 4-3: Complements, Conditional Probability, and Bayes’ Theorem............................41
Section 4-5: Rates of Mortality, Fertility, and Morbidity........................................................44
vi
Section 4-4: Risks and Odds ....................................................................................................42
Section 4-6: Counting ..............................................................................................................46
Chapter Quick Quiz .................................................................................................................48
Review Exercises .....................................................................................................................48
Cumulative Review Exercises .................................................................................................49
a
Chapter 5: Discrete Probability Distributions
Section 5-1: Probability Distributions .....................................................................................51
Section 5-2: Binomial Probability Distributions......................................................................52
Section 5-3: Poisson Probability Distributions ........................................................................55
Chapter Quick Quiz .................................................................................................................57
Review Exercises .....................................................................................................................58
Cumulative Review Exercises .................................................................................................59
@Aplusstuvia Aplusstuvia
, Chapter 6: Normal Probability Distributions
Section 6-1: The Standard Normal Distribution ......................................................................61
Section 6-2: Real Applications of Normal Distributions.........................................................62
Section 6-3: Sampling Distributions and Estimators ...............................................................65
Section 6-4: The Central Limit Theorem.................................................................................69
Section 6-5: Assessing Normality............................................................................................72
Section 6-6: Normal as Approximation to Binomial ...............................................................75
Chapter Quick Quiz .................................................................................................................77
Review Exercises .....................................................................................................................77
Cumulative Review Exercises .................................................................................................79
Chapter 7: Estimating Parameters and Determining Sample Sizes
Section 7-1: Estimating a Population Proportion.....................................................................81
Section 7-2: Estimating a Population Mean.............................................................................85
Section 7-3: Estimating a Population Standard Deviation or Variance...................................89
@
Section 7-4: Bootstrapping: Using Technology for Estimates ................................................92
Chapter Quick Quiz .................................................................................................................94
Review Exercises .....................................................................................................................94
A
Cumulative Review Exercises .................................................................................................96
Chapter 8: Hypothesis Testing
pl
Section 8-1: Basics of Hypothesis Testing ..............................................................................97
Section 8-2: Testing a Claim About a Proportion....................................................................99
Section 8-3: Testing a Claim About a Mean..........................................................................104
us
Section 8-4: Testing a Claim About a Standard Deviation or Variance ................................108
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................110
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................111
stu
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................112
Chapter 9: Chapter 9: Inferences from Two Samples
Section 9-1: Two Proportions ................................................................................................115
Section 9-2: Two Means: Independent Samples....................................................................124 vi
Section 9-3: Two Dependent Samples (Matched Pairs) ........................................................130
Section 9-4: Two Variances or Standard Deviations.............................................................134
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................136
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................137
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................138
a
Chapter 10: Correlation and Regression
Section 10-1: Correlation.......................................................................................................141
Section 10-2: Regression .......................................................................................................148
Section 10-3: Prediction Intervals and Variation...................................................................156
Section 10-4: Multiple Regression.........................................................................................159
Section 10-5: Dummy Variables and Logistic Regression ....................................................161
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................162
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................162
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................164
@Aplusstuvia Aplusstuvia
, Chapter 11: Goodness-of-Fit and Contingency Tables
Section 11-1: Goodness-of-Fit...............................................................................................167
Section 11-2: Contingency Tables .........................................................................................170
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................174
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................175
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................176
Chapter 12: Analysis of Variance
Section 12-1: One-Way ANOVA ..........................................................................................177
Section 12-2: Two-Way ANOVA .........................................................................................178
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................179
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................180
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................180
Chapter 13: Nonparametric Tests
@
Section 13-2: Sign Test..........................................................................................................183
Section 13-3: Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Matched Pairs ............................................184
Section 13-4: Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test for Two Independent samples...............................185
Section 13-5: Kruskal-Wallis Test for Three or More Samples ............................................188
A
Section 13-6: Rank Correlation .............................................................................................190
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................191
pl
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................192
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................192
Chapter 14: Survival Analysis us
Section 14-1: Life Tables.......................................................................................................195
Section 14-2: Kaplan-Meier Survival Analysis .....................................................................197
Chapter Quick Quiz ...............................................................................................................198
stu
Review Exercises ...................................................................................................................199
Cumulative Review Exercises ...............................................................................................200
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@Aplusstuvia Aplusstuvia
