Test Bank
Astronomy Today
@
Eighth Edition
Ap
Eric Chaisson
lu
Harvard University
Steve McMillan
ss
Drexel University
tu
vi
a
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montréal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
@Aplusstuvia
,Publisher: James Smith
@
Executive Editor: Nancy Whilton
Project Manager: Tema Goodwin
Marketing Manager: Will Moore
Ap
Production and Composition: Tamarack Software, Inc.
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008, 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., 1301 Sansome St., San Francisco,
CA 94111. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is
protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any
lu
prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to
use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc.,
ss
Permissions Department, 1900 E. Lake Ave., Glenview, IL 60025. For information regarding
permissions, call (847) 486-2635.
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are
claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was
tu
aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps.
ISBN 10-digit: 0-321-91008-7; ISBN 13-digit: 978-0-321-91008-0
vi
a
@Aplusstuvia
,Contents
Chapter 1 Charting the Heavens: The Foundations of Astronomy ............................................... 1
Chapter 2 The Copernican Revolution: The Birth of Modern Science.......................................... 18
Chapter 3 Radiation: Information from the Cosmos....................................................................... 36
Chapter 4 Spectroscopy: The Inner Workings of Atoms ................................................................ 56
Chapter 5 Telescopes: The Tools of Astronomy .............................................................................. 73
Chapter 6 The Solar System: Comparative Planetology and Formation Models ....................... 92
Chapter 7 Earth: Our Home in Space .............................................................................................. 118
@
Chapter 8 The Moon and Mercury: Scorched and Battered Worlds........................................... 136
Chapter 9 Venus: Earth’s Sister Planet............................................................................................ 156
Chapter 10 Mars: A Near Miss for Life? ........................................................................................... 173
Ap
Chapter 11 Jupiter: Giant of the Solar System ................................................................................. 191
Chapter 12 Saturn: Spectacular Rings and Mysterious Moons ..................................................... 209
Chapter 13 Uranus and Neptune: The Outer Worlds of the Solar System .................................. 228
lu
Chapter 14 Solar System Debris: Keys to Our Origin ..................................................................... 247
Chapter 15 Exoplanets: Planetary Systems Beyond Our Own ...................................................... 267
ss
Chapter 16 The Sun: Our Parent Star ................................................................................................ 280
Chapter 17 The Stars: Giants, Dwarfs, and the Main Sequence .................................................... 301
Chapter 18 The Interstellar Medium: Gas and Dust among the Stars .......................................... 321
tu
Chapter 19 Star Formation: A Traumatic Birth................................................................................ 339
Chapter 20 Stellar Evolution: The Life and Death of a Star ........................................................... 359
vi
Chapter 21 Stellar Explosions: Novae, Supernovae, and the Formation of the Elements ......... 380
Chapter 22 Neutron Stars and Black Holes: Strange States of Matter .......................................... 399
a
Chapter 23 The Milky Way Galaxy: A Spiral in Space ................................................................... 420
Chapter 24 Galaxies: Building Blocks of the Universe ................................................................... 439
Chapter 25 Galaxies and Dark Matter: The Large-Scale Structure of the Cosmos ..................... 459
Chapter 26 Cosmology: The Big Bang and the Fate of the Universe ............................................ 479
Chapter 27 The Early Universe: Toward the Beginning of Time .................................................. 497
Chapter 28 Life in the Universe: Are We Alone? ............................................................................ 516
@Aplusstuvia
, Chapter 1 Charting the Heavens:
The Foundations of Astronomy
1.1 True/False Questions
1) The distances to bodies in the solar system are a few light minutes to light hours.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Section Ref: 1.1
2) A light-year is a measurement of time.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
@
Section Ref: 1.1
3) It was Aristotle who used the scientific method to show the Earth was a sphere.
Answer: TRUE
Ap
Diff: 2
Section Ref: 1.2
4) Constellations are close clusters of stars, all at about the same distance from the Sun.
Answer: FALSE
lu
Diff: 1
Section Ref: 1.3
5) From the South Pole, Polaris would appear directly overhead.
ss
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section Ref: 1.3
tu
6) Only at the equator are all the stars visible over the course of the year.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Section Ref: 1.3
vi
7) Over the course of a night, Polaris moves less than any other visible star in the sky.
Answer: TRUE
a
Diff: 2
Section Ref: 1.3
8) There are 3,600 arc seconds in a degree.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Section Ref: More Precisely 1-1
9) At apogee, the Moon is at its farthest from Earth and thus appears smaller than normal.
Because of this it can produce only annular solar eclipses, but not total solar eclipses.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Section Ref: 1.5
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 1
@Aplusstuvia
Astronomy Today
@
Eighth Edition
Ap
Eric Chaisson
lu
Harvard University
Steve McMillan
ss
Drexel University
tu
vi
a
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montréal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
@Aplusstuvia
,Publisher: James Smith
@
Executive Editor: Nancy Whilton
Project Manager: Tema Goodwin
Marketing Manager: Will Moore
Ap
Production and Composition: Tamarack Software, Inc.
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008, 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., 1301 Sansome St., San Francisco,
CA 94111. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is
protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any
lu
prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to
use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc.,
ss
Permissions Department, 1900 E. Lake Ave., Glenview, IL 60025. For information regarding
permissions, call (847) 486-2635.
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are
claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was
tu
aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps.
ISBN 10-digit: 0-321-91008-7; ISBN 13-digit: 978-0-321-91008-0
vi
a
@Aplusstuvia
,Contents
Chapter 1 Charting the Heavens: The Foundations of Astronomy ............................................... 1
Chapter 2 The Copernican Revolution: The Birth of Modern Science.......................................... 18
Chapter 3 Radiation: Information from the Cosmos....................................................................... 36
Chapter 4 Spectroscopy: The Inner Workings of Atoms ................................................................ 56
Chapter 5 Telescopes: The Tools of Astronomy .............................................................................. 73
Chapter 6 The Solar System: Comparative Planetology and Formation Models ....................... 92
Chapter 7 Earth: Our Home in Space .............................................................................................. 118
@
Chapter 8 The Moon and Mercury: Scorched and Battered Worlds........................................... 136
Chapter 9 Venus: Earth’s Sister Planet............................................................................................ 156
Chapter 10 Mars: A Near Miss for Life? ........................................................................................... 173
Ap
Chapter 11 Jupiter: Giant of the Solar System ................................................................................. 191
Chapter 12 Saturn: Spectacular Rings and Mysterious Moons ..................................................... 209
Chapter 13 Uranus and Neptune: The Outer Worlds of the Solar System .................................. 228
lu
Chapter 14 Solar System Debris: Keys to Our Origin ..................................................................... 247
Chapter 15 Exoplanets: Planetary Systems Beyond Our Own ...................................................... 267
ss
Chapter 16 The Sun: Our Parent Star ................................................................................................ 280
Chapter 17 The Stars: Giants, Dwarfs, and the Main Sequence .................................................... 301
Chapter 18 The Interstellar Medium: Gas and Dust among the Stars .......................................... 321
tu
Chapter 19 Star Formation: A Traumatic Birth................................................................................ 339
Chapter 20 Stellar Evolution: The Life and Death of a Star ........................................................... 359
vi
Chapter 21 Stellar Explosions: Novae, Supernovae, and the Formation of the Elements ......... 380
Chapter 22 Neutron Stars and Black Holes: Strange States of Matter .......................................... 399
a
Chapter 23 The Milky Way Galaxy: A Spiral in Space ................................................................... 420
Chapter 24 Galaxies: Building Blocks of the Universe ................................................................... 439
Chapter 25 Galaxies and Dark Matter: The Large-Scale Structure of the Cosmos ..................... 459
Chapter 26 Cosmology: The Big Bang and the Fate of the Universe ............................................ 479
Chapter 27 The Early Universe: Toward the Beginning of Time .................................................. 497
Chapter 28 Life in the Universe: Are We Alone? ............................................................................ 516
@Aplusstuvia
, Chapter 1 Charting the Heavens:
The Foundations of Astronomy
1.1 True/False Questions
1) The distances to bodies in the solar system are a few light minutes to light hours.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Section Ref: 1.1
2) A light-year is a measurement of time.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
@
Section Ref: 1.1
3) It was Aristotle who used the scientific method to show the Earth was a sphere.
Answer: TRUE
Ap
Diff: 2
Section Ref: 1.2
4) Constellations are close clusters of stars, all at about the same distance from the Sun.
Answer: FALSE
lu
Diff: 1
Section Ref: 1.3
5) From the South Pole, Polaris would appear directly overhead.
ss
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section Ref: 1.3
tu
6) Only at the equator are all the stars visible over the course of the year.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Section Ref: 1.3
vi
7) Over the course of a night, Polaris moves less than any other visible star in the sky.
Answer: TRUE
a
Diff: 2
Section Ref: 1.3
8) There are 3,600 arc seconds in a degree.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Section Ref: More Precisely 1-1
9) At apogee, the Moon is at its farthest from Earth and thus appears smaller than normal.
Because of this it can produce only annular solar eclipses, but not total solar eclipses.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Section Ref: 1.5
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 1
@Aplusstuvia
