Biology STAAR Review RC 1 & 2
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Biomolecule - CORRECT ANSWER - a large molecule synthesized by cells that form the
structures of cells and perform the functions of life
Carbohydrate - CORRECT ANSWER - a type of biomolecule that perform many
functions in the cell including providing energy and structural support
Cell - CORRECT ANSWER - a system of molecules that form structures that perform all
of the functions of life
Eukaryote - CORRECT ANSWER - a living organism whose cell or cells contain nuclei
and membrane-bound organelles
Lipid - CORRECT ANSWER - a type of biomolecule that perform many functions in the
cell including energy storage and cell membrane structure
Nucleic acid - CORRECT ANSWER - a type of biomolecule that includes DNA and
RNA, which store and transmit genetic information used for protein synthesis
Prokaryote - CORRECT ANSWER - a single-celled living organism that lacks a nucleus
and membrane-bound organelles
Protein - CORRECT ANSWER - a type of biomolecule that perform many functions
throughout organisms including providing structure and facilitating chemical reactions
Virus - CORRECT ANSWER - a nonliving, infective agent composed of nucleic acids
surrounded by a protein coat
, Active transport - CORRECT ANSWER - movement of particles across a membrane from
an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration; requires energy
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER - movement of particles from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration
Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER - regulation of an organism's internal environment in
order to maintain conditions suitable for survival
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWER - diffusion of water from an area of higher concentration
to an area of lower concentration
Passive transport - CORRECT ANSWER - movement of particles across a membrane
from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; does not require energy
Cellular respiration - CORRECT ANSWER - a series of processes that take place within a
cell in which biochemical energy from organic substances (e.g., glucose) is converted into high
energy molecules called ATP for use in energy-requiring activities of the cell
Enzyme - CORRECT ANSWER - a protein that catalyzes (speeds up) a reaction without
being changed by it
Photosynthesis - CORRECT ANSWER - a process in which complex organic molecules
are synthesized using carbon dioxide, water, and light energy (from sunlight) captured by light-
absorbing pigments, such as chlorophyll and other accessory pigments
Substrate - CORRECT ANSWER - a chemical or set of chemicals that are affected by
enzymes
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Biomolecule - CORRECT ANSWER - a large molecule synthesized by cells that form the
structures of cells and perform the functions of life
Carbohydrate - CORRECT ANSWER - a type of biomolecule that perform many
functions in the cell including providing energy and structural support
Cell - CORRECT ANSWER - a system of molecules that form structures that perform all
of the functions of life
Eukaryote - CORRECT ANSWER - a living organism whose cell or cells contain nuclei
and membrane-bound organelles
Lipid - CORRECT ANSWER - a type of biomolecule that perform many functions in the
cell including energy storage and cell membrane structure
Nucleic acid - CORRECT ANSWER - a type of biomolecule that includes DNA and
RNA, which store and transmit genetic information used for protein synthesis
Prokaryote - CORRECT ANSWER - a single-celled living organism that lacks a nucleus
and membrane-bound organelles
Protein - CORRECT ANSWER - a type of biomolecule that perform many functions
throughout organisms including providing structure and facilitating chemical reactions
Virus - CORRECT ANSWER - a nonliving, infective agent composed of nucleic acids
surrounded by a protein coat
, Active transport - CORRECT ANSWER - movement of particles across a membrane from
an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration; requires energy
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER - movement of particles from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration
Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER - regulation of an organism's internal environment in
order to maintain conditions suitable for survival
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWER - diffusion of water from an area of higher concentration
to an area of lower concentration
Passive transport - CORRECT ANSWER - movement of particles across a membrane
from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; does not require energy
Cellular respiration - CORRECT ANSWER - a series of processes that take place within a
cell in which biochemical energy from organic substances (e.g., glucose) is converted into high
energy molecules called ATP for use in energy-requiring activities of the cell
Enzyme - CORRECT ANSWER - a protein that catalyzes (speeds up) a reaction without
being changed by it
Photosynthesis - CORRECT ANSWER - a process in which complex organic molecules
are synthesized using carbon dioxide, water, and light energy (from sunlight) captured by light-
absorbing pigments, such as chlorophyll and other accessory pigments
Substrate - CORRECT ANSWER - a chemical or set of chemicals that are affected by
enzymes
