,Chapter 01: Radiation History
o o o
Iannucci: Dental Radiography, 6th Edition
o o o o
MULTIPLEoCHOICE
1. Radiationoisodefinedoas
a. aoformoofoenergyocarriedobyowavesoorostreamsoofoparticles.
b. aobeamoofoenergyothatohasotheopowerotoopenetrateosubstancesoandorecordoimageos
hadowsoonoaoreceptor.
c. aohigh-
energyoradiationoproducedobyotheocollisionoofoaobeamoofoelectronsowithoaometalota
rgetoinoanox-rayotube.
d. aobranchoofomedicineothatodealsowithotheouseoofox-rays.
ANSWER:o A
Radiationoisoaoformoofoenergyocarriedobyowavesoorostreamsoofoparticles.oAnox-
rayoisoaobeamoofoenergyothatohasotheopowerotoopenetrateosubstancesoandorecordoimageoshadowsoonoaor
eceptor.
X-radiationoisoaohigh-
energyoradiationoproducedobyotheocollisionoofoaobeamoofoelectronsowithoaometalotargetoinoanox-
rayotube.oRadiologyoisoaobranchoofomedicineothatodealsowithotheouseoof
x-rays.
DIF: Recall REF:o o Pageo2 OBJ:o 1
TOP:o CDA,oRHS,oIII.B.2.oDescribeotheocharacteristicsoofox-radiation
MSC:o NBDHE,o2.0oObtainingoandoInterpretingoRadiographso|oNBDHE,o2.1oPrinciplesooforadiophysicso
andoradiobiology
2. Aoradiographoisodefinedoas
a. aobeamoofoenergyothatohasotheopowerotoopenetrateosubstancesoandorecordoimageos
hadowsoonoaoreceptor.
b. aopictureoonofilmoproducedobyotheopassageoofox-raysothroughoanoobjectoorobody.
c. theoartoandoscienceoofomakingoradiographsobyotheoexposureoofoanoimageoreceptorotoox
-rays.
d. aoformoofoenergyocarriedobyowavesooroaostreamoofoparticles.
ANSWER:o B
Anox-
rayoisoaobeamoofoenergyothatohasotheopowerotoopenetrateosubstancesoandorecordoimageoshadowsoo
noaoreceptor.oAoradiographoisoaopictureoonofilmoproducedobyotheopassageoofox-
raysothroughoanoobjectoorobody.oRadiographyoisotheoartoandoscienceoofomakingodentaloimagesobyot
heoexposureoofoaoreceptorotoox-
rays.o Radiationoisoaoformoofoenergyocarriedobyowavesoorostreamsoofoparticles.
DIF: Comprehension REF:o Pageo2
OBJ:o1oTOP:o CDA,oRHS,oIII.B.2.oDescribeotheocharacteristicsoofox
-radiation
MSC:o NBDHE,o2.0oObtainingoandoInterpretingoRadiographso|oNBDHE,o2.1oPrinciplesooforadiophysicso
andoradiobiology
3. Youropatientoaskedoyouowhyodentaloimagesoareoimportant.oWhichoofotheofollowingoisotheoc
orrectoresponse?
a. Anooraloexaminationowithodentaloimagesolimitsotheopractitionerotoowhatoisoseenoc
linically.
b. Allodentalodiseasesoandoconditionsoproduceoclinicalosignsoandosymptoms.
, c. Dentaloimagesoareonotoaonecessaryocomponentoofocomprehensiveopatientocare.
d. Manyodentalodiseasesoareotypicallyodiscoveredoonlyothroughotheouseoofodentaloi
mages.
ANSWER:o D
Anooraloexaminationowithoutodentaloimagesolimitsotheopractitionerotoowhatoisoseenoclinically.oM
anyodentalodiseasesoandoconditionsoproduceonooclinicalosignsoandosymptoms.oDentaloimagesoareo
aonecessaryocomponentoofocomprehensiveopatientocare.oManyodentalodiseasesoareotypicallyodisc
overedoonlyothroughotheouseoofodentaloimages.
DIF: Application REF:o o Pageo2 OBJ:o 2
TOP:o CDA,oRHS,oIII.B.2.oDescribeotheocharacteristicsoofox-radiation
MSC:o NBDHE,o2.0oObtainingoandoInterpretingoRadiographso|oNBDHE,o2.5oGeneral
4. Theox-rayowasodiscoveredoby
a. HeinrichoGeissler
b. WilhelmoRoentgen
c. JohannoHittorf
d. WilliamoCrookes
ANSWER:o B
HeinrichoGeisslerobuiltotheofirstovacuumotubeoino1838.o WilhelmoRoentgenodiscoveredotheox-
rayoonoNovembero8,o1895.oJohannoHittorfoobservedoino1870othatodischargesoemittedofrom
theonegativeoelectrodeoofoaovacuumotubeotraveledoinostraightolines,oproducedoheat,oandoresultedoi
noaogreenishofluorescence.oWilliamoCrookesodiscoveredoinotheolateo1870sothatocathodeoraysower
eostreamsoofochargedoparticles.
DIF: Recall REF:o o Pageo2 OBJ:o 4
TOP:o CDA,oRHS,oIII.B.2.oDescribeotheocharacteristicsoofox-radiation
MSC:o NBDHE,o2.0oObtainingoandoInterpretingoRadiographso|oNBDHE,o2.5oGeneral
5. WhooexposedotheofirstodentaloradiographoinotheoUnitedoStatesousingoaoliveoperson?
a. OttooWalkoff
b. WilhelmoRoentgen
c. EdmundoKells
d. WestonoPrice
ANSWER:o C
OttooWalkoffowasoaoGermanodentistowhoomadeotheofirstodentaloradiograph.oWilhelmoRoentgeno
wasoaoBavarianophysicistowhoodiscoveredotheox-
ray.oEdmundoKellsoexposedotheofirstodentaloradiographoinotheoUnitedoStatesousingoaoliveoperson.
o Priceointroducedotheobisectingotechniqueoino1904.
DIF: Recall REF:o o Pageo4 OBJ:o 5
TOP:o CDA,oRHS,oIII.B.2.oDescribeotheocharacteristicsoofox-radiation
MSC:o NBDHE,o2.0oObtainingoandoInterpretingoRadiographso|oNBDHE,o2.5oGeneral
6. Currentofastoradiographicofilmorequires
%olessoexposureotimeothanotheoinitialoexposureo
timesousedoino1920.
a. 33
b. 98
c. 73
, d. 2
ANSWER:o D
Currentofastoradiographicofilmorequireso98%olessoexposureotimeothanotheoinitialoexposureotimesou
sedoino1920.
DIF: Comprehension REF:o Pageo5
OBJ:o6oTOP:o CDA,oRHS,oIII.B.2.oDescribeotheocharacteristicsoofox
-radiation
MSC:o NBDHE,o2.0oObtainingoandoInterpretingoRadiographso|oNBDHE,o2.5oGeneral
7. Whoozmodifiedoztheozparallelingoztechniqueozwithoztheozintroductionozofoztheozlong-coneoztechnique?
a. C.ozEdmundozKells
b. FranklinozW.ozMcCormack
c. F.ozGordonozFitzgerald
d. HowardozRileyozRaper
ANSWER:ozoC
C.ozEdmundozKellsozintroducedoztheozparallelingoztechniqueozinoz1896.ozFranklinozW.ozMcCorma
ckozreintroducedoztheozparallelingoztechniqueozinoz1920.ozF.ozGordonozFitzgeraldozmodifiedoztheoz
parallelingztechniqueozwithoztheozintroductionozofoztheozlong-
coneoztechnique.ozThisozisoztheoztechniqueozcurrentlyozused.ozHowardozRileyozRaperozmodifiedozth
eozbisectingoztechniqueozandozintroducedoztheozbite-wingoztechniqueozinoz1925.
DIF: Recall REF:ozozozPageoz4 OBJ:o zo 7
TOP:o zoCDA,ozRHS,ozIII.B.2.ozDescribeoztheozcharacteristicsozofozx-radiation
MSC:o zo NBDHE,oz2.0ozObtainingozandozInterpretingozRadiographsoz|ozNBDHE,oz2.5ozGeneral
8. Whichozofoztheozfollowingozisozanozadvantageozofozdigitalozimaging?
a. Increasedozpatientozradiationozexposure
b. Increasedozpatientozcomfort
c. Increasedozspeedozforozviewingozimages
d. Increasedozchemicalozusage
ANSWER:ozoC
Patientozexposureozisozreducedozwithozdigitalozimaging.ozDigitalozsensorsozareozmoreozsensitiveoztooz
x-
raysozthanozfilm.ozDigitalozsensorsozareozrigidozandozbulky,ozcausingozdecreasedozpatientozcomfort.oz
Theozimageozfromozdigitalozsensorsozisozuploadedozdirectlyoztooztheozcomputerozandozmonitorozwith
outoztheozneedozforozchemicalozprocessing.ozThisozallowsozforozimmediateozinterpretationozandozeval
uation.ozTheozimageozfromzdigitalozsensorsozisozuploadedozdirectlyoztooztheozcomputerozandozmonitoro
zwithoutoztheozneedozforozchemicalzprocessing.
DIF: Comprehension REF:ozozozPageoz6
OBJ:oz7ozTOP:o zoCDA,ozRHS,ozI.B.2.ozDemonstrateozbasicozknowled
geozofozdigitalozradiography
MSC:o zo NBDHE,oz2.0ozObtainingozandozInterpretingozRadiographsoz|ozNBDHE,oz2.5ozGeneral
9. Whichozdiscoveryozwasoztheozprecursoroztooztheozdiscoveryozofozx-rays?
a. Betaozparticles
b. Alphaozparticles
c. Cathodeozrays
d. Radioactiveozmaterials
ANSWER:ozoC
o o o
Iannucci: Dental Radiography, 6th Edition
o o o o
MULTIPLEoCHOICE
1. Radiationoisodefinedoas
a. aoformoofoenergyocarriedobyowavesoorostreamsoofoparticles.
b. aobeamoofoenergyothatohasotheopowerotoopenetrateosubstancesoandorecordoimageos
hadowsoonoaoreceptor.
c. aohigh-
energyoradiationoproducedobyotheocollisionoofoaobeamoofoelectronsowithoaometalota
rgetoinoanox-rayotube.
d. aobranchoofomedicineothatodealsowithotheouseoofox-rays.
ANSWER:o A
Radiationoisoaoformoofoenergyocarriedobyowavesoorostreamsoofoparticles.oAnox-
rayoisoaobeamoofoenergyothatohasotheopowerotoopenetrateosubstancesoandorecordoimageoshadowsoonoaor
eceptor.
X-radiationoisoaohigh-
energyoradiationoproducedobyotheocollisionoofoaobeamoofoelectronsowithoaometalotargetoinoanox-
rayotube.oRadiologyoisoaobranchoofomedicineothatodealsowithotheouseoof
x-rays.
DIF: Recall REF:o o Pageo2 OBJ:o 1
TOP:o CDA,oRHS,oIII.B.2.oDescribeotheocharacteristicsoofox-radiation
MSC:o NBDHE,o2.0oObtainingoandoInterpretingoRadiographso|oNBDHE,o2.1oPrinciplesooforadiophysicso
andoradiobiology
2. Aoradiographoisodefinedoas
a. aobeamoofoenergyothatohasotheopowerotoopenetrateosubstancesoandorecordoimageos
hadowsoonoaoreceptor.
b. aopictureoonofilmoproducedobyotheopassageoofox-raysothroughoanoobjectoorobody.
c. theoartoandoscienceoofomakingoradiographsobyotheoexposureoofoanoimageoreceptorotoox
-rays.
d. aoformoofoenergyocarriedobyowavesooroaostreamoofoparticles.
ANSWER:o B
Anox-
rayoisoaobeamoofoenergyothatohasotheopowerotoopenetrateosubstancesoandorecordoimageoshadowsoo
noaoreceptor.oAoradiographoisoaopictureoonofilmoproducedobyotheopassageoofox-
raysothroughoanoobjectoorobody.oRadiographyoisotheoartoandoscienceoofomakingodentaloimagesobyot
heoexposureoofoaoreceptorotoox-
rays.o Radiationoisoaoformoofoenergyocarriedobyowavesoorostreamsoofoparticles.
DIF: Comprehension REF:o Pageo2
OBJ:o1oTOP:o CDA,oRHS,oIII.B.2.oDescribeotheocharacteristicsoofox
-radiation
MSC:o NBDHE,o2.0oObtainingoandoInterpretingoRadiographso|oNBDHE,o2.1oPrinciplesooforadiophysicso
andoradiobiology
3. Youropatientoaskedoyouowhyodentaloimagesoareoimportant.oWhichoofotheofollowingoisotheoc
orrectoresponse?
a. Anooraloexaminationowithodentaloimagesolimitsotheopractitionerotoowhatoisoseenoc
linically.
b. Allodentalodiseasesoandoconditionsoproduceoclinicalosignsoandosymptoms.
, c. Dentaloimagesoareonotoaonecessaryocomponentoofocomprehensiveopatientocare.
d. Manyodentalodiseasesoareotypicallyodiscoveredoonlyothroughotheouseoofodentaloi
mages.
ANSWER:o D
Anooraloexaminationowithoutodentaloimagesolimitsotheopractitionerotoowhatoisoseenoclinically.oM
anyodentalodiseasesoandoconditionsoproduceonooclinicalosignsoandosymptoms.oDentaloimagesoareo
aonecessaryocomponentoofocomprehensiveopatientocare.oManyodentalodiseasesoareotypicallyodisc
overedoonlyothroughotheouseoofodentaloimages.
DIF: Application REF:o o Pageo2 OBJ:o 2
TOP:o CDA,oRHS,oIII.B.2.oDescribeotheocharacteristicsoofox-radiation
MSC:o NBDHE,o2.0oObtainingoandoInterpretingoRadiographso|oNBDHE,o2.5oGeneral
4. Theox-rayowasodiscoveredoby
a. HeinrichoGeissler
b. WilhelmoRoentgen
c. JohannoHittorf
d. WilliamoCrookes
ANSWER:o B
HeinrichoGeisslerobuiltotheofirstovacuumotubeoino1838.o WilhelmoRoentgenodiscoveredotheox-
rayoonoNovembero8,o1895.oJohannoHittorfoobservedoino1870othatodischargesoemittedofrom
theonegativeoelectrodeoofoaovacuumotubeotraveledoinostraightolines,oproducedoheat,oandoresultedoi
noaogreenishofluorescence.oWilliamoCrookesodiscoveredoinotheolateo1870sothatocathodeoraysower
eostreamsoofochargedoparticles.
DIF: Recall REF:o o Pageo2 OBJ:o 4
TOP:o CDA,oRHS,oIII.B.2.oDescribeotheocharacteristicsoofox-radiation
MSC:o NBDHE,o2.0oObtainingoandoInterpretingoRadiographso|oNBDHE,o2.5oGeneral
5. WhooexposedotheofirstodentaloradiographoinotheoUnitedoStatesousingoaoliveoperson?
a. OttooWalkoff
b. WilhelmoRoentgen
c. EdmundoKells
d. WestonoPrice
ANSWER:o C
OttooWalkoffowasoaoGermanodentistowhoomadeotheofirstodentaloradiograph.oWilhelmoRoentgeno
wasoaoBavarianophysicistowhoodiscoveredotheox-
ray.oEdmundoKellsoexposedotheofirstodentaloradiographoinotheoUnitedoStatesousingoaoliveoperson.
o Priceointroducedotheobisectingotechniqueoino1904.
DIF: Recall REF:o o Pageo4 OBJ:o 5
TOP:o CDA,oRHS,oIII.B.2.oDescribeotheocharacteristicsoofox-radiation
MSC:o NBDHE,o2.0oObtainingoandoInterpretingoRadiographso|oNBDHE,o2.5oGeneral
6. Currentofastoradiographicofilmorequires
%olessoexposureotimeothanotheoinitialoexposureo
timesousedoino1920.
a. 33
b. 98
c. 73
, d. 2
ANSWER:o D
Currentofastoradiographicofilmorequireso98%olessoexposureotimeothanotheoinitialoexposureotimesou
sedoino1920.
DIF: Comprehension REF:o Pageo5
OBJ:o6oTOP:o CDA,oRHS,oIII.B.2.oDescribeotheocharacteristicsoofox
-radiation
MSC:o NBDHE,o2.0oObtainingoandoInterpretingoRadiographso|oNBDHE,o2.5oGeneral
7. Whoozmodifiedoztheozparallelingoztechniqueozwithoztheozintroductionozofoztheozlong-coneoztechnique?
a. C.ozEdmundozKells
b. FranklinozW.ozMcCormack
c. F.ozGordonozFitzgerald
d. HowardozRileyozRaper
ANSWER:ozoC
C.ozEdmundozKellsozintroducedoztheozparallelingoztechniqueozinoz1896.ozFranklinozW.ozMcCorma
ckozreintroducedoztheozparallelingoztechniqueozinoz1920.ozF.ozGordonozFitzgeraldozmodifiedoztheoz
parallelingztechniqueozwithoztheozintroductionozofoztheozlong-
coneoztechnique.ozThisozisoztheoztechniqueozcurrentlyozused.ozHowardozRileyozRaperozmodifiedozth
eozbisectingoztechniqueozandozintroducedoztheozbite-wingoztechniqueozinoz1925.
DIF: Recall REF:ozozozPageoz4 OBJ:o zo 7
TOP:o zoCDA,ozRHS,ozIII.B.2.ozDescribeoztheozcharacteristicsozofozx-radiation
MSC:o zo NBDHE,oz2.0ozObtainingozandozInterpretingozRadiographsoz|ozNBDHE,oz2.5ozGeneral
8. Whichozofoztheozfollowingozisozanozadvantageozofozdigitalozimaging?
a. Increasedozpatientozradiationozexposure
b. Increasedozpatientozcomfort
c. Increasedozspeedozforozviewingozimages
d. Increasedozchemicalozusage
ANSWER:ozoC
Patientozexposureozisozreducedozwithozdigitalozimaging.ozDigitalozsensorsozareozmoreozsensitiveoztooz
x-
raysozthanozfilm.ozDigitalozsensorsozareozrigidozandozbulky,ozcausingozdecreasedozpatientozcomfort.oz
Theozimageozfromozdigitalozsensorsozisozuploadedozdirectlyoztooztheozcomputerozandozmonitorozwith
outoztheozneedozforozchemicalozprocessing.ozThisozallowsozforozimmediateozinterpretationozandozeval
uation.ozTheozimageozfromzdigitalozsensorsozisozuploadedozdirectlyoztooztheozcomputerozandozmonitoro
zwithoutoztheozneedozforozchemicalzprocessing.
DIF: Comprehension REF:ozozozPageoz6
OBJ:oz7ozTOP:o zoCDA,ozRHS,ozI.B.2.ozDemonstrateozbasicozknowled
geozofozdigitalozradiography
MSC:o zo NBDHE,oz2.0ozObtainingozandozInterpretingozRadiographsoz|ozNBDHE,oz2.5ozGeneral
9. Whichozdiscoveryozwasoztheozprecursoroztooztheozdiscoveryozofozx-rays?
a. Betaozparticles
b. Alphaozparticles
c. Cathodeozrays
d. Radioactiveozmaterials
ANSWER:ozoC
