NR 341/ NR341 COMPLEX ADULT HEALTH FINAL AND LATEST REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS|A+ GRADE
Indication for arterial line placement? - (ANSWER)Hemodynamic monitoring
Multiple blood samples
Diagnostic or interventional radiology procedures
Continuous cardiac output monitoring
What test must be preformed prior to an arterial line placement? - (ANSWER)Allen's test
How often should a fast flush test be preformed? - (ANSWER)Every 8 hours
After blood draws
If the hemodynamic status changes
@#$%^&*()_
When changing tubing
What are the most common sites for arterial line insertion? - (ANSWER)Radial
Femoral
Axillary
Dorsalis Pedis
Brachial Arteries
Positioning for radial arterial line placement: - (ANSWER)30-60 degrees of dorsiflexion with
the aid of a roll of gauze and an armband.
Avoid hyperabduction of the thumb.
How often should the atrial line catheter be changed out? - (ANSWER)Every 7 days
Causes of inaccuracy in arterial line readings: - (ANSWER)Air bubbles in the catheter
system
Failure to zero the transducer air-fluid interface
Blood in the catheter system
Blood clot at the catheter tip
Kinking of the tubing system
Catheter tip lodging against the arterial wall
Soft, compliant tubing
Long tubing
Too many stopckcks (>3)
What is the pathology of afterload? - (ANSWER)The pressure in which the heart must pump
against in order to eject blood during systole.
,NR 341/ NR341 COMPLEX ADULT HEALTH FINAL AND LATEST REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS|A+ GRADE
Medications that reduce afterload/preload include? - (ANSWER)Vasodilators
What is the pathology of preload? - (ANSWER)The filling pressure of the heart at end of
diastole.
What is systemic vascular resistance (SVR)? - (ANSWER)Resistance the left ventricle must
overcome to open the aortic valve and eject a volume of blood into systemic circulation.
Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is used for what calculations? - (ANSWER)Blood
pressure
@#$%^&*()_
Blood flow
Cardiac function
What is pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)? - (ANSWER)Resistacne the right ventricle
must overcome to open the pulmonic valve and eject a volume of blood in the pulmonary
vasculature.
What is pulmonarartery occlusion pressure (PAOP)? - (ANSWER)The pressure created by
the volume of blood that remains in the left heart at end-diastole.
Inotropic drugs mode of action: - (ANSWER)Negative inotropic drugs weaken the force of
muscular contractions.
Positive inotropic drugs increase the strength of muscular contractions.
Inotropic drug examples: - (ANSWER)Dobutamine
Digoxin
Milrinone
Dopamine
Vasodilator mode of actions: - (ANSWER)Relaxes the smooth muscles of the blood vessels
opening them up.
Vasodilator drug examples: - (ANSWER)CCBS:
Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin)
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Nitrates:
Sildenafil (Viagra)
, NR 341/ NR341 COMPLEX ADULT HEALTH FINAL AND LATEST REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS|A+ GRADE
Nitroprusside (Nipride, Nitropress)
ACE:
Captopril (Capoten)
Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
Kayexalate - (ANSWER)Exchanges K+ ions for Na+
Excess K+ ions are fecally excreted
Calcium Gluconate - (ANSWER)Prevents and treats cardiac toxicity related to increased K+
levels
@#$%^&*()_
What is the purpose of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)? -
(ANSWER)Dialysis
This is a blood filtering therapy that replaced the normal blood-filtering function of the
kidneys in patients with renal failure and acute kidney injuries.
The prerenal system - (ANSWER)Delivers blood to the kidneys.
A prerenal block is: - (ANSWER)An interruption on the way to the kidneys.
The intrarenal system - (ANSWER)Processes ultra-filtrate by tubular secretion & re-
absorption.
An intrarenal block is: - (ANSWER)Direct damage to the kidneys.
The postrenal system - (ANSWER)Excretes kidney waste products through the ureters,
bladder, and urethra.
A postrenal block is: - (ANSWER)Obstruction of urine output.
Causes:
Enlarged prostate
Kidney stones
Bladder tumor
Bladder injury
S/SX of the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI): - (ANSWER)<400 mL/24hr
Increase BUN, Cr, uric acid, K, Mg
Metabolic Acidosis
AND CORRECT ANSWERS|A+ GRADE
Indication for arterial line placement? - (ANSWER)Hemodynamic monitoring
Multiple blood samples
Diagnostic or interventional radiology procedures
Continuous cardiac output monitoring
What test must be preformed prior to an arterial line placement? - (ANSWER)Allen's test
How often should a fast flush test be preformed? - (ANSWER)Every 8 hours
After blood draws
If the hemodynamic status changes
@#$%^&*()_
When changing tubing
What are the most common sites for arterial line insertion? - (ANSWER)Radial
Femoral
Axillary
Dorsalis Pedis
Brachial Arteries
Positioning for radial arterial line placement: - (ANSWER)30-60 degrees of dorsiflexion with
the aid of a roll of gauze and an armband.
Avoid hyperabduction of the thumb.
How often should the atrial line catheter be changed out? - (ANSWER)Every 7 days
Causes of inaccuracy in arterial line readings: - (ANSWER)Air bubbles in the catheter
system
Failure to zero the transducer air-fluid interface
Blood in the catheter system
Blood clot at the catheter tip
Kinking of the tubing system
Catheter tip lodging against the arterial wall
Soft, compliant tubing
Long tubing
Too many stopckcks (>3)
What is the pathology of afterload? - (ANSWER)The pressure in which the heart must pump
against in order to eject blood during systole.
,NR 341/ NR341 COMPLEX ADULT HEALTH FINAL AND LATEST REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS|A+ GRADE
Medications that reduce afterload/preload include? - (ANSWER)Vasodilators
What is the pathology of preload? - (ANSWER)The filling pressure of the heart at end of
diastole.
What is systemic vascular resistance (SVR)? - (ANSWER)Resistance the left ventricle must
overcome to open the aortic valve and eject a volume of blood into systemic circulation.
Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is used for what calculations? - (ANSWER)Blood
pressure
@#$%^&*()_
Blood flow
Cardiac function
What is pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)? - (ANSWER)Resistacne the right ventricle
must overcome to open the pulmonic valve and eject a volume of blood in the pulmonary
vasculature.
What is pulmonarartery occlusion pressure (PAOP)? - (ANSWER)The pressure created by
the volume of blood that remains in the left heart at end-diastole.
Inotropic drugs mode of action: - (ANSWER)Negative inotropic drugs weaken the force of
muscular contractions.
Positive inotropic drugs increase the strength of muscular contractions.
Inotropic drug examples: - (ANSWER)Dobutamine
Digoxin
Milrinone
Dopamine
Vasodilator mode of actions: - (ANSWER)Relaxes the smooth muscles of the blood vessels
opening them up.
Vasodilator drug examples: - (ANSWER)CCBS:
Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin)
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Nitrates:
Sildenafil (Viagra)
, NR 341/ NR341 COMPLEX ADULT HEALTH FINAL AND LATEST REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS|A+ GRADE
Nitroprusside (Nipride, Nitropress)
ACE:
Captopril (Capoten)
Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
Kayexalate - (ANSWER)Exchanges K+ ions for Na+
Excess K+ ions are fecally excreted
Calcium Gluconate - (ANSWER)Prevents and treats cardiac toxicity related to increased K+
levels
@#$%^&*()_
What is the purpose of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)? -
(ANSWER)Dialysis
This is a blood filtering therapy that replaced the normal blood-filtering function of the
kidneys in patients with renal failure and acute kidney injuries.
The prerenal system - (ANSWER)Delivers blood to the kidneys.
A prerenal block is: - (ANSWER)An interruption on the way to the kidneys.
The intrarenal system - (ANSWER)Processes ultra-filtrate by tubular secretion & re-
absorption.
An intrarenal block is: - (ANSWER)Direct damage to the kidneys.
The postrenal system - (ANSWER)Excretes kidney waste products through the ureters,
bladder, and urethra.
A postrenal block is: - (ANSWER)Obstruction of urine output.
Causes:
Enlarged prostate
Kidney stones
Bladder tumor
Bladder injury
S/SX of the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI): - (ANSWER)<400 mL/24hr
Increase BUN, Cr, uric acid, K, Mg
Metabolic Acidosis
