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Lateral Head
Long Head
Medial Head
MF: Elbow extension
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1 Lower Back Muscles 2 Upper Arm Triceps Muscles
3 Biceps 4 Shoulder Muscles
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Ligament Fibrous tissue that hold joints together. less elastic than tendons.
Connects muscle to bone. Formed from fibrous tissue. Much
Tendons
stronger than muscle.
Cartilage Covers the end of each bone
Synovial Fluid thin film of slippery fluid that separate cartilage.
, Flexion: bending of joint that
decreases the angle.
Flexion and Extension
Extension: straightening of a joint that
increases the angle.
Circumduction circular movement of the joint. Ex. arm circles
Later flexion side bends
Eversion: rotating foot so the sole of the foot points away from
Eversion and Inversion the other.
Inversion: sole of the foot points toward the other.
Lateral: rotating limb away from the
Lateral Rotation and Medial center of the body.
Rotation Medial Rotation: rotating limb toward
the center of the body.
Retraction: posterior (toward the back of the body) movement of
the arm at the shoulder. scapula pinches.
Retraction and Protraction
Protraction: anterior movement (toward the front of the body) of
the arm at the shoulder. scapula separates.
1) Ligamentous: immovable. Between bones of the skull.
2) Cartilaginous: slightly moveable. discs between spinal
3 Main Classifications of Joints
vertebrae.
3) Synovial: highly movable. Ball and socket, Pivot.
Sternoclavicular (SC): saddle type
Shoulder Complex Acromioclavicular (AC): gliding
Glenohumeral (GH): ball and socket, multi axial movement
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Rotator Cuff
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
Pectoralis Major: Adduction and flexion of the humerus.
Chest Muscles
Pectoralis Minor: Depress and protracts the scapula.
Deltoids: abduction of the humerus; medial rotation of the
Shoulder Muscles
humerus.
Brachioradialis
Extensor Carpi
Radialis Longus
Forearm Muscles (Posterior, Extensor Carpi
Superficial/Intermediate) Radialis Brevis
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Lateral Head
Long Head
Upper Arm Triceps Muscles
Medial Head
MF: Elbow extension