1. A nurse is teaching a client with GERD about the use of a
proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Which of the following should
the nurse include?
A. "PPIs should be taken before meals to be most effective."
B. "You should take the medication with a large meal for
best results."
C. "PPIs should be taken only when symptoms occur."
D. "It is important to take the medication after meals."
Answer: a) "PPIs should be taken before meals to be most
effective."
Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are most effective
when taken 30-60 minutes before meals, as this allows for
maximum acid suppression.
2. A nurse is administering levodopa to a client with
Parkinson's disease. The nurse should monitor for which of
the following side effects?
A. Muscle rigidity
B. Orthostatic hypotension
C. Tachycardia
D. Sedation
Answer: b) Orthostatic hypotension
Rationale: Levodopa can cause orthostatic hypotension, a
drop in blood pressure when moving from sitting or lying
down to standing.
3. A nurse is teaching a client with a new prescription for
warfarin. Which of the following foods should the client
avoid while taking this medication?
A. Avocados
,B. Oranges
C. Grapefruit
D. Leafy green vegetables
Answer: d) Leafy green vegetables
Rationale: Leafy green vegetables are high in vitamin K,
which can interfere with the anticoagulant effect of
warfarin. Clients should maintain a consistent intake of
vitamin K.
4. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a blood
transfusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following signs of an allergic reaction?
A. Tachycardia
B. Fever and chills
C. Rash and itching
D. Cyanosis
Answer: c) Rash and itching
Rationale: Rash and itching are common signs of an allergic
reaction to a blood transfusion. The nurse should stop the
transfusion and notify the provider if these symptoms occur.
5. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of lorazepam
for anxiety. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse include?
A. "You can drive while taking this medication."
B. "Avoid alcohol while taking this medication."
C. "This medication is not habit-forming."
D. "You should take the medication on an empty stomach."
Answer: b) "Avoid alcohol while taking this medication."
Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can have
enhanced sedative effects when taken with alcohol, leading
to increased risk of respiratory depression and drowsiness.
, 6. A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed
digoxin. Which of the following findings is the most
indicative of digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Dehydration
Answer: b) Bradycardia
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity can lead to bradycardia, which is
a sign of potential cardiac toxicity. Other symptoms include
nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances.
7. A client is prescribed ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract
infection. Which of the following should the nurse include in
the discharge teaching?
A. "Avoid taking antacids while taking this medication."
B. "Increase your intake of dairy products."
C. "You can stop the medication when symptoms improve."
D. "Take the medication on an empty stomach."
Answer: a) "Avoid taking antacids while taking this
medication."
Rationale: Antacids can interfere with the absorption of
ciprofloxacin, reducing its effectiveness.
8. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is
prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. Which
of the following statements by the client indicates the need
for further teaching?
A. "I should avoid large crowds to prevent infection."
B. "I need to gradually taper off the medication."
C. "I will take the medication with food to reduce stomach
proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Which of the following should
the nurse include?
A. "PPIs should be taken before meals to be most effective."
B. "You should take the medication with a large meal for
best results."
C. "PPIs should be taken only when symptoms occur."
D. "It is important to take the medication after meals."
Answer: a) "PPIs should be taken before meals to be most
effective."
Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are most effective
when taken 30-60 minutes before meals, as this allows for
maximum acid suppression.
2. A nurse is administering levodopa to a client with
Parkinson's disease. The nurse should monitor for which of
the following side effects?
A. Muscle rigidity
B. Orthostatic hypotension
C. Tachycardia
D. Sedation
Answer: b) Orthostatic hypotension
Rationale: Levodopa can cause orthostatic hypotension, a
drop in blood pressure when moving from sitting or lying
down to standing.
3. A nurse is teaching a client with a new prescription for
warfarin. Which of the following foods should the client
avoid while taking this medication?
A. Avocados
,B. Oranges
C. Grapefruit
D. Leafy green vegetables
Answer: d) Leafy green vegetables
Rationale: Leafy green vegetables are high in vitamin K,
which can interfere with the anticoagulant effect of
warfarin. Clients should maintain a consistent intake of
vitamin K.
4. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a blood
transfusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following signs of an allergic reaction?
A. Tachycardia
B. Fever and chills
C. Rash and itching
D. Cyanosis
Answer: c) Rash and itching
Rationale: Rash and itching are common signs of an allergic
reaction to a blood transfusion. The nurse should stop the
transfusion and notify the provider if these symptoms occur.
5. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of lorazepam
for anxiety. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse include?
A. "You can drive while taking this medication."
B. "Avoid alcohol while taking this medication."
C. "This medication is not habit-forming."
D. "You should take the medication on an empty stomach."
Answer: b) "Avoid alcohol while taking this medication."
Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can have
enhanced sedative effects when taken with alcohol, leading
to increased risk of respiratory depression and drowsiness.
, 6. A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed
digoxin. Which of the following findings is the most
indicative of digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Dehydration
Answer: b) Bradycardia
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity can lead to bradycardia, which is
a sign of potential cardiac toxicity. Other symptoms include
nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances.
7. A client is prescribed ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract
infection. Which of the following should the nurse include in
the discharge teaching?
A. "Avoid taking antacids while taking this medication."
B. "Increase your intake of dairy products."
C. "You can stop the medication when symptoms improve."
D. "Take the medication on an empty stomach."
Answer: a) "Avoid taking antacids while taking this
medication."
Rationale: Antacids can interfere with the absorption of
ciprofloxacin, reducing its effectiveness.
8. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is
prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. Which
of the following statements by the client indicates the need
for further teaching?
A. "I should avoid large crowds to prevent infection."
B. "I need to gradually taper off the medication."
C. "I will take the medication with food to reduce stomach
