HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXAM PRACTICE
NEWEST 2025-2026, 245 COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND 100% RATED CORRECT ANSWERS
(DETAILED | VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH STUDY
GUIDE | RATIONALE | EXPERT VERIFIED FOR
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|BRAND NEW!!
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the
client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse
prepare to administer as prescribed to the client?
1. Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D - ANSWER-3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used
for the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In
hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a
,thyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone
resorption and lowering the serum calcium concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron
deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with
which best food item?
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice - ANSWER-4. Orange juice
Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be
instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high
in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in
absorption. Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple
juice.
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The
nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate
the presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
,3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations - ANSWER-1. Tinnitus
Rationale:
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity
(salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and
psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with
salicylism.
4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have
applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are
most effective when applied:
1. Immediately before swimming
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun - ANSWER-4. At least 30
minutes before exposure to the sun
Rationale:
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure
to the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied
after swimming or sweating.
, 5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn
injury. When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort
and burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
1. Notifying the registered nurse
2. Discontinuing the medication
3. Informing the client that this is normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site - ANSWER-3.
Informing the client that this is normal
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive
organisms and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular
tissues. The client should be informed that the medication will cause local
discomfort and burning and that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1,
2, and 4 are incorrect
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate
(Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that
which of the following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred?
1.Hyperventilation
2.Elevated blood pressure
3.Local pain at the burn site
4.Local rash at the burn site - ANSWER-1. Hyperventilation
NEWEST 2025-2026, 245 COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND 100% RATED CORRECT ANSWERS
(DETAILED | VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH STUDY
GUIDE | RATIONALE | EXPERT VERIFIED FOR
GUARANTEED PASS A+ | LATEST UPDATE
|BRAND NEW!!
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the
client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse
prepare to administer as prescribed to the client?
1. Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D - ANSWER-3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used
for the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In
hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a
,thyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone
resorption and lowering the serum calcium concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron
deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with
which best food item?
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice - ANSWER-4. Orange juice
Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be
instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high
in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in
absorption. Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple
juice.
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The
nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate
the presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
,3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations - ANSWER-1. Tinnitus
Rationale:
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity
(salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and
psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with
salicylism.
4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have
applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are
most effective when applied:
1. Immediately before swimming
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun - ANSWER-4. At least 30
minutes before exposure to the sun
Rationale:
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure
to the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied
after swimming or sweating.
, 5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn
injury. When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort
and burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
1. Notifying the registered nurse
2. Discontinuing the medication
3. Informing the client that this is normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site - ANSWER-3.
Informing the client that this is normal
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive
organisms and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular
tissues. The client should be informed that the medication will cause local
discomfort and burning and that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1,
2, and 4 are incorrect
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate
(Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that
which of the following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred?
1.Hyperventilation
2.Elevated blood pressure
3.Local pain at the burn site
4.Local rash at the burn site - ANSWER-1. Hyperventilation
