Rau’s Respiratory Care Pharmacology 11th Edition Test Bank by Douglas Gardenhire, All 23 Chapters Covered, Verified Latest Edition ,Graded A+

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,Chapter 01: Introduction to Respiratory Care Pharmacology
Gardenhire: Rau’s Respiratory Care Pharmacology, 11th Edition


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. What is the name of the receptor sites that are located in the peripheral vasculature, the heart, bronchial
muscle, and bronchial blood vessels?
a. Beta 2 receptors c. Alpha receptors
b. Gamma receptors d. Beta 1 receptors
ANS: C
Alpha receptors are located in the peripheral vasculature, the heart, bronchial muscle, and bronchial
blood vessels.
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2. Which receptor site results in tachycardia, an increased potential for arrhythmias, and an increased
cardiac output?
a. Beta 1 receptor c. Alpha receptor
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b. Beta 2 receptor d. Delta receptor
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ANS: A
Stimulation of the beta-1 receptors results in tachycardia, an increased potential for arrhythmias, and
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an increased cardiac output. In administering drugs to the pulmonary system, stimulation of the beta-1
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sites is not desired. However, most respiratory pharmacologic agents have some beta-1 stimulatory
effect.
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3. Stimulation of the beta 2 receptors causes
a. peripheral vasoconstriction and mild bronchoconstriction in the lungs.
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b. tachycardia, an increased potential for arrhythmias, and an increased cardiac output.
c. bronchodilation.
d. peripheral vasodilation, bradycardia, and decreased cardiac output.
ANS: C
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Stimulation of the beta-2 receptors in the lungs causes bronchodilation.

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4. Acetylcholine stimulates
a. the Vagus nerve.
b. the adrenergic receptors.
c. the sympathetic nervous system.
d. the cholinergic receptors.
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ANS: D
Acetylcholine stimulates the cholinergic receptors.

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5. What immunoglobulin antibody sensitizes the mast cell?
a. Leukotrienes c. Histamine

, b. IgE d. Prostaglandins
ANS: B
The IgE (reagin) antibodies sensitize the mast cell. Repeated exposure to the antigen causes the
degranulation of the mast cell.

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6. Which of the following is caused by histamine release from the mast cells?
I. Bronchodilation
II. Increased bronchial gland secretion
III. Increased amount of mucus present in the airways
a. I and II only c. III only
b. II and III only d. I, II, III
ANS: B
Histamine is also a potent bronchoconstrictor. In addition to its bronchoconstrictive activity, histamine
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II) increases bronchial gland secretion, causing III) an increase in the amount of mucus present
in the airways. Histamine may also have an effect on vascular permeability similar to the effect of-
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SRS-A.

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7. A sympathomimetic drug would cause
a. bronchodilation. c. Histamine release.
b. bronchoconstriction. d. Vagus nerve stimulation.
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ANS: A
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A sympathomimetic drug would cause bronchodilation. Sympathomimetic agents are the drugs most
commonly used to reverse bronchospasm.
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8. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes
a. vascular permeability. c. bronchodilation.
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b. decreased blood pressure. d. bronchoconstriction.
ANS: C
Sympathetic nervous system stimulation causes bronchodilation.
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9. Which of the following would NOT cause a bronchospasm or bronchoconstriction?
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a. Leukotrienes c. Histamine
b. Beta 1 receptors d. Prostaglandins
ANS: B
Beta-1 receptors would not cause a bronchospasm or bronchoconstriction. Leukotrienes are one of
many chemical mediators released by the mast cells. Leukotrienes cause a direct, strong
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bronchoconstriction. Histamine is also a potent bronchoconstrictor. Prostaglandins cause a strong
bronchospasm, especially in asthmatic patients.

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, 10. Place the following intracellular events of the Beta 2 receptor stimulation in order.
I. Phosphodiesterase breaks down cyclic 3’, 5’-AMP into 5’-AMP
II. Adenylate cyclase combines with magnesium and ATP to form cyclic 3’,5’-AMP
III. Cyclic 3’,5’-AMP results in bronchial smooth muscle relaxation
IV. Beta-2 stimulation causes the formation of adenylate cyclase
a. I, II, III, IV c. IV, II, III, I
b. III, IV, I, II d. IV, III, II, I
ANS: C
The following order is correct: IV) Beta-2 stimulation causes the formation of adenylate cyclase. II)
Adenylate cyclase combines with magnesium and ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to form cyclic 3’,5’-
AMP (adenosine monophosphate). III) Cyclic 3’,5’-AMP results in bronchial smooth muscle
relaxation and hence bronchodilation. Cyclic 3’,5’-AMP is not a long-lived agent. It is readily broken
down by another enzyme present in the lungs called phosphodiesterase. I) Phosphodiesterase breaks
3’,5’-AMP down into 5’-AMP, which no longer causes bronchodilation.

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11. Release of acetylcholine will cause
a. bronchodilation. c. stimulation of cyclic 3’5’ AMP.
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b. Mast cell stabilization. d. bronchospasm.
ANS: D
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Cholinergic receptors are cells that respond when stimulated by acetylcholine. Cholinergic receptors
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cause profound bronchospasm in the lungs when stimulated. Cholinergic receptors are found in the
parasympathetic nervous system.
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12. Which of the following is NOT an example of a sympathomimetic drug?
a. Salmeterol Xinafoate c. Pirbuterol Acetate
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b. Formoterol fumarate d. Atropine Sulfate
ANS: D
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Atropine sulfate is a anti-cholinergic bronchodilator. Salmeterol, formoterol, and pirbuterol are all
sympathomimetic bronchodilators.
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13. Which of the following sympathomimetic drugs are intended for maintenance therapy only?
I. Levalbuterol
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II. Salmeterol
III. Formoterol
IV. Pirbuterol
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a. II, III, and IV c. II and III
b. I and IV d. I, II, III, and IV
ANS: C
II) Salmeterol and III) Formoterol are intended for maintenance therapy only.
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14. A pediatric patient is admitted to the emergency department from a physician’s office with the
suspected diagnosis of croup. An inspiratory stridor is heard. Which aerosolized sympathomimetic
would you recommend to decrease the stridor?
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